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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Lupus erythematosus: clinical and histopathological study of oral manifestations and immunohistochemical profile of epithelial maturation.

BACKGROUND: Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause. Prevalence of oral involvement in patients with LE is uncertain but may vary from 9 to 45% in patients with systemic disease and from 3 to 20% in patients with chronic cutaneous involvement. METHODS: Incidence of oral lesions of LE and their clinical aspects were investigated. Their histopathologic features were analyzed, and the status of epithelial maturation was assessed through the expression patterns of cytokeratins. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients (from 188 examined) presented oral lesions of LE. Most of them were females (19) with systemic disease (11). Clinical aspects of these lesions varied, and lips and buccal mucosa were most affected. Histologically, lesions revealed lichenoid mucositis with perivascular infiltrate and thickening of basement. Cytokeratins profile showed hyperproliferative epithelium, with expression of CK5/6, and CK14 on all epithelial layers, CK16 on all suprabasal layers and CK10 on prickle cell layers only. CONCLUSIONS: Oral lesions of LE show a variety of aspects, and their microscopic features are of a lichenoid mucositis with deep inflammatory infiltrate. Cytokeratins expression patterns are of hyperproliferative epithelium, and this phenomenon must be analyzed in relation to the inflammatory cytokines for a better understanding of the mechanisms of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

HIV-related oral manifestations in two cohorts of women in San Francisco.

The goals of this study were to compare the prevalence of oral lesions in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV-negative women, and to determine the association of oral lesions with route of HIV transmission and with level of immunosuppression in infected women. As part of a prospective 4-year study, oral examinations and blood tests were performed, at 6-month intervals, on 176 HIV-infected women and on 117 HIV-negative women at risk for HIV infection. We evaluated participants for the following oral conditions: hairy leukoplakia, candidiasis, ulcers, warts, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and parotid enlargement. As previously reported in men, the prevalence of oral lesions was significantly higher among HIV-infected (22%) than HIV-negative women (3%) [odds ratio (OR) = 8.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8, 23.5], particularly candidiasis (14%) and hairy leukoplakia (10%). Among HIV-infected women with CD4 cell count nadir > or = 200 cells/microliters, the prevalence of hairy leukoplakia was higher among those infected heterosexually than among injection drug users (OR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.5; 19). The OR for the association between oral lesions and CD4 cell count nadir (< 200 vs. > 500 cells/microliters) was 8.9 (95% CI: 2.6, 30), indicating a strong positive association with level of immunosuppression.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral manifestations of sexually transmitted diseases.

Sexually transmitted diseases frequently affect the mucous membranes producing characteristic and potentially diagnostic lesions on the oral mucosa. This article reviews the classic route of transmission and the corresponding clinical presentation of several of the sexually transmitted viruses, including herpes virus types I and II, Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus, molluscum contagiosum, as well as the human immunodeficiency virus. Bacterial infections such as syphilis, gonorrhea, as well as the fungus candida are reviewed under the umbrella of STDs with potential oral involvement encountered in the sexually active patient.

Candidiasis, Oral↗
PubMed2003

Clinical implications of the oral manifestations of HIV infection in children.

The authors hypothesized that patients infected with HIV at birth would be more vulnerable to oral diseases such as periodontal disease and caries because of their compromised immune system. As a result, they designed a 3-year, longitudinal, case-controlled study that examined HIV-infected children as compared with their normal noninfected household peers. Over 100 HIV-infected participants ages 2 to 15 years were examined at 6-month intervals; no differences were found with respect to caries or periodontal disease prevalence and incidence when the two groups were compared. Although the level of oral disease was similar in the two groups, both groups had more caries than the national norm. Thus, failure to use a control group would have led to the erroneous conclusion that children with HIV infection had a high level of caries. In addition, the authors discovered that tooth eruption was delayed in the HIV-infected group, suggesting some developmental impediment. The HIV-infected group also showed more oral lesions that included candidiasis, linear gingival erythema, and medial rhomboid glossitis. Overall, oral lesions were not valid predictors of the serious consequences of AIDS. The authors speculated, however, that examinations at intervals more frequent than every 6 months might be required to determine whether oral lesions can predict frank AIDS and lowered CD4 cell counts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Oral manifestations of bone marrow transplantation.

Bone marrow protection by transplantation permits the administration of large doses of antitumor drugs and radiation. Severe oral complications occur in about 70% of patients who have had allogeneic bone marrow transplants and to a lesser degree in patients who have had autologous and syngeneic transplants. Oral complications consist of mucositis, salivary gland dysfunction, loss of resiliency of perioral tissues, periodontal disease, and caries. Pre- and post-transplant oral care aimed at plaque control, control of dental pathology, and hydration of oral tissues are important factors in support therapy of bone marrow transplant patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Oral manifestations of bulimia nervosa].

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is an eating disorder frquently accompanied by changes of the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity and of the salivary glands. Routine dental examination in a 25-year-old woman disclosed oral signs and symptoms characteristic of BN and she was referred for psychiatric evaluation. Oral evaluation of patients suspected of BN is recommended to prevent irreversible damage to the oral and perioral structures.

Adult↗