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Survival of bacteria on metal surfaces.

Survivor curves were determined for Serratia marcescens, Sarcina lutea, Pasteurella tularensis, and P. pestis deposited from the airborne state onto metallic surfaces and subsequently stored at various humidities and temperatures. Cells of all species tested remained alive longest in a dry atmosphere, except that cells of S. marcescens survived best in a saturated atmosphere. Survival decreased most rapidly at the intermediate humidity level for three of the test organisms, yet P. tularensis died most rapidly in a saturated atmosphere. An increase in temperature decreased survival of P. pestis and P. tularensis.

Aerosols↗

Analysis of HI0220 protein from Haemophilus influenzae, a novel structural and functional analog of ArcB protein from Escherichia coli.

A Haemophilus influenzae gene encoding a protein with high homology to ArcB receptor protein from Escherichia coli has been cloned. An error in the previously reported sequence of this gene has been found, thus increasing its open reading frame. The cloned gene comprising the entire open reading frame restores oxygen-dependent regulation of succinate dehydrogenase in an ArcB-deficient E. coli strain. Thus, this gene is a functional analog of ArcB from E. coli. By screening partially sequenced bacterial genomes using the BLAST program, proteins with high homology to ArcB protein from E. coli were found in Salmonella typhi, Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, and Pasteurella multocida. Comparison of these proteins with ArcB protein from E. coli and H. influenzae revealed conserved amino acid regions. Transmembrane helix II was shown to be highly homologous in all the ArcB-type proteins. The involvement of this region in ArcB-mediated oxygen-dependent regulation is suggested.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

MEDIUM FOR THE QUANTITATIVE RECOVERY OF MEMBERS OF THE GENERA PASTEURELLA AND BRUCELLA.

A modification of peptic digest-starch (PDS) medium for the quantitative enumeration of Pasteurella tularensis is described. This modification (PDM), in which the concentration of L-cysteine was decreased and in which Brilliant Green was substituted for the penicillin added to the original medium, was evaluated and was found satisfactory for the recovery of P. tularensis, P. pestis, and members of the genus Brucella, from freshly harvested and stored cultures as well as aerosolized organisms produced therefrom. With weakly virulent strains of P. tularensis, such as the Jap 4 and LV strains, it was found that PDM was not adequate.

Brucella↗

Isolation of pathogens other than Yersinia pestis during plague investigations.

From 1975 to 1978, 37 isolates of Pasteurella multocida, 1 of Salmonella enteriditis, and 5 of Francisella tularensis were recovered from 42 mammalian specimens and 1 flea pool submitted for examination for evidence of infection with Yersinia pestis. Most of the specimens were collected during investigations of either a human plague infection or a reported epizootic among rodent populations. All specimens were of species regularly or occasionally involved in plague or tularemia cycles in nature and most were collected in areas of known plague or tularemia activity.

Animals↗