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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Fixation disparity in peripheral and central binocular vision under conditions of prismatic heterophoria (author's transl)].

A critical review of the literature shows that there are controversal interpretations of thephenomenon fixation disparity. The former findings of Ogle and coworkers are ascertained byinvertigator to close the central gap in the fusional patter. Formerly the gap was essentialdue to polarisation techiques. 1. Without central gap fixation disparity decreases, but remainssignificantly different from zero. 2. Diminution or closing of the gap leads to more preciseresults, since the position of the eyes is better controlled. 3. Straining the binocular vision with high prism power cortical tolerances increase when fusion was aided by central stimuli. Fixation disparity could be extended up to 20' (minutes of are) which is three times the well accepted size of the Panum area.

Fixation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting the visual outcome after cataract surgery.

Postoperative visual outcome and factors related to poor visual acuity three months after cataract surgery were evaluated in 243 cataract patients operated on at the Oulu University Hospital in 1990. The surgical technique used was a planned extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) in 240 cases: a posterior chamber IOL in 231 cases and an anterior chamber IOL in 9 cases. The postoperative visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 74.5% of the eyes, 11.9% (29 eyes) had low vision and 2.4% (6 eyes) were blind. The visual outcome was significantly related to age. The most common causes for low vision or blindness were age related macular degeneration and glaucoma. There was one case of postoperative endophthalmitis but other surgical complications did not result in visual loss. Visually significant posterior capsular opacification was observed in 2.5%, and significant postoperative astigmatism (> or = 3.5 D) was present in 11.1%.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Factors of problem behavior in visually impaired children.

The Behavior Problem Checklist was completed by teachers of 104 students in a residential school for the visually impaired. Four separate factor analyses were performed. Additional analyses were conducted to determine the effect on the factor structure of sex, race, and age. Three factors that correspond to dimensions found in earlier research and previously labeled conduct disorder, personality problem, and inadequacy-immaturity were found. Overall, the visually impaired children tended to have problem behavior patterns similar to other populations, and these patterns were largely independent of the visual handicap.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of life assessment in blindness prevention interventions.

This article discusses the importance of self-reported visual function and quality of life (QOL) assessment in evaluating the effectiveness of eye care and prevention of blindness interventions. Traditional clinical measurements do not provide an adequate characterization of the burden of visual disability faced by the patient in day-to-day activities. The validity, reliability and responsiveness of QOL questionnaires should be demonstrated before general use of such instruments is advocated. A visual function questionnaire currently undergoing psychometric evaluation as part of a clinical study of cataract surgery in India is presented.

Blindness↗
PubMed1992

The follow-up of patients screened for glaucoma with non-mydriatic fundus photography.

In order to evaluate the value of photographic screening in predicting progressive glaucomatous damage, we re-examined 26 subjects 5 years after the initial screening. Of the 26 patients 16 had typical glaucomatous optic disc and visual field abnormalities (n = 7), retinal nerve layer damage (n = 6), or other risk factors of glaucoma (n = 3). In 10 of 26 patients suspected of having glaucoma, no abnormalities were initially confirmed. Of the 16 eyes with initially abnormal findings, 10 (63%) showed progressive changes during the 5-year follow-up period. The 10 initially suspected cases have remained healthy throughout the follow-up, giving a false positive rate of 5.5%. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to identify correctly patients with progressive glaucomatous changes with a non-mydriatic fundus camera.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Accommodation power determined with visual evoked cortical potentials in psychogenic visual disturbances.

Accommodation power was measured with pattern visual evoked potentials in 12 normal subjects and three patients suffering from psychogenic visual disturbances and accommodation failure. Steady-state visual evoked cortical potentials recorded by increasing a minus-power lens in front of the eye in 1 diopter steps. The regression line was established from the visual evoked cortical potential amplitudes vs accommodation stimulus plot, and the objective accommodation power was determined by extrapolating the line to zero amplitude. The accommodation power measured by visual evoked cortical potentials was larger by approximately 2 diopters than that obtained subjectively by near-point rule in normal subjects. The subjective accommodation power was remarkably low for their age in each patient but the objective power was normal. These results suggest that the decrease of accommodation in these patients was caused by psychogenic mechanisms, and visual evoked cortical potential measurements of accommodation could provide helpful information for diagnosis.

Accommodation, Ocular↗