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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Physician's profile: fact or fiction?

Many physicians are bombarded with endless reams of data regarding their performance. In the current climate, the data frequently have a more implicit financial viewpoint. In an effort to economize healthcare delivery, several factors are under investigation. Manpower, resource use, and product delivery are just a few examples of factors investigated. Managerial trends have led to the development of numerical data on how specific physicians treat particular disease processes on a dollar-and-cents basis. Physicians need a better understanding of these managerial data. Integrated healthcare delivery systems are developing in most regions of the country. External customers are using physician profile data for exclusion or inclusion criteria in contract negotiation. The purpose of this study was to illustrate a situation in which physician profile data are a more appropriate reflection of the integrated healthcare system's profile.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Pegasys: software for executing and integrating analyses of biological sequences.

BACKGROUND: We present Pegasys--a flexible, modular and customizable software system that facilitates the execution and data integration from heterogeneous biological sequence analysis tools. RESULTS: The Pegasys system includes numerous tools for pair-wise and multiple sequence alignment, ab initio gene prediction, RNA gene detection, masking repetitive sequences in genomic DNA as well as filters for database formatting and processing raw output from various analysis tools. We introduce a novel data structure for creating workflows of sequence analyses and a unified data model to store its results. The software allows users to dynamically create analysis workflows at run-time by manipulating a graphical user interface. All non-serial dependent analyses are executed in parallel on a compute cluster for efficiency of data generation. The uniform data model and backend relational database management system of Pegasys allow for results of heterogeneous programs included in the workflow to be integrated and exported into General Feature Format for further analyses in GFF-dependent tools, or GAME XML for import into the Apollo genome editor. The modularity of the design allows for new tools to be added to the system with little programmer overhead. The database application programming interface allows programmatic access to the data stored in the backend through SQL queries. CONCLUSIONS: The Pegasys system enables biologists and bioinformaticians to create and manage sequence analysis workflows. The software is released under the Open Source GNU General Public License. All source code and documentation is available for download at http://bioinformatics.ubc.ca/pegasys/.

Computational Biology↗

PubMed2002

Automating data acquisition into ontologies from pharmacogenetics relational data sources using declarative object definitions and XML.

Ontologies are useful for organizing large numbers of concepts having complex relationships, such as the breadth of genetic and clinical knowledge in pharmacogenomics. But because ontologies change and knowledge evolves, it is time consuming to maintain stable mappings to external data sources that are in relational format. We propose a method for interfacing ontology models with data acquisition from external relational data sources. This method uses a declarative interface between the ontology and the data source, and this interface is modeled in the ontology and implemented using XML schema. Data is imported from the relational source into the ontology using XML, and data integrity is checked by validating the XML submission with an XML schema. We have implemented this approach in PharmGKB (http://www.pharmgkb.org/), a pharmacogenetics knowledge base. Our goals were to (1) import genetic sequence data, collected in relational format, into the pharmacogenetics ontology, and (2) automate the process of updating the links between the ontology and data acquisition when the ontology changes. We tested our approach by linking PharmGKB with data acquisition from a relational model of genetic sequence information. The ontology subsequently evolved, and we were able to rapidly update our interface with the external data and continue acquiring the data. Similar approaches may be helpful for integrating other heterogeneous information sources in order make the diversity of pharmacogenetics data amenable to computational analysis.

Databases, Factual↗

PubMed2002

Public health, GIS, and the internet.

Internet access and use of georeferenced public health information for GIS application will be an important and exciting development for the nation's Department of Health and Human Services and other health agencies in this new millennium. Technological progress toward public health geospatial data integration, analysis, and visualization of space-time events using the Web portends eventual robust use of GIS by public health and other sectors of the economy. Increasing Web resources from distributed spatial data portals and global geospatial libraries, and a growing suite of Web integration tools, will provide new opportunities to advance disease surveillance, control, and prevention, and insure public access and community empowerment in public health decision making. Emerging supercomputing, data mining, compression, and transmission technologies will play increasingly critical roles in national emergency, catastrophic planning and response, and risk management. Web-enabled public health GIS will be guided by Federal Geographic Data Committee spatial metadata, OpenGIS Web interoperability, and GML/XML geospatial Web content standards. Public health will become a responsive and integral part of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure.

Geographic Information Systems↗

PubMed2003

Regional myocardial function in healthy adults: assessment through tissue Doppler echocardiography.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize left ventricular regional myocardial function through tissue Doppler echocardiography in healthy adults and to assess the influence of aging in this function. METHODS: In 45 healthy volunteers divided in two groups (< 45 and > 45 years old) we assessed longitudinal and radial regional function (velocities, times intervals and velocity-time integrals). Data were compared in each group and between groups. RESULTS: Systolic function: a). longitudinal: higher velocities and integrals in lateral and inferior walls and in basal segments, with a trend to reduction of these parameters with aging; b). radial: higher basal velocities, no significant change with aging. Diastolic function: a). longitudinal: higher velocities in lateral and inferior walls and in basal segments. With aging e and e/a velocities and integrals decreased, a increased and older individuals showed lower percentage of segments with e/a >1; b). radial: aging was associated with lower e and higher a velocities. CONCLUSION: 1). Tissue Doppler echocardiography detects physiological differences between regional myocardial function of different ventricular segments, in velocities, times intervals and integrals, with physiological heterogeneity and asynchrony; 2). Many of these data are age dependent; 3). Our data contribute to define normal values, and may become useful when compared with data from populations with heart diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Addiction treatment agencies' use of data: a qualitative assessment.

Addiction treatment agencies typically do not prioritize data collection, management, and analysis, and these agencies may have barriers to integrating data in agency quality improvement. This article describes qualitative findings from an intervention designed to teach 23 addiction treatment agencies how to make data-driven decisions to improve client access to and retention in care. Agencies demonstrated success adopting process improvement and data-driven strategies to make improvements in care. Barriers to adding a process improvement and data-driven focus to care included a lack of a data-based decision making culture, lack of expertise and other resources, treatment system complexity, and resistance. Factors related to the successful adoption of process-focused data include agency leadership valuing data and providing resources, staff training on data collection and use, sharing of change results, and success in making data-driven decisions.

Behavior, Addictive↗

PubMed1980

MEDIC: a language to process clinical data for elementary statistical purposes.

A new language has been developed which is helpful for handling data, already collected and stored on disk, with the aim of producing reports of clinical interest. For each clinical data bank a dictionary is generated, which contains all information needed to fully identify each medical item (e.g., name, type, attributes, indexed/single value). Now the user can write programs in a very easy way using the statements of the MEDIC language which give him the possibility of powerfully filtering data, making calculations and producing reports. Data integrity is achieved by the fact that users can only accede to data from the data bank and cannot alter data or modify them on disk. A special emphasis has been given, when designing MEDIC, to the possibility of counting data which satisfy certain sets of conditions, and to special output functions, as histograms. Programs written in MEDIC language are processed by MEDIC generator, are immediately executable, and have the possibility of tracing/debugging (the tracing option is chosen when program is starting execution). At execution time the user chooses in a very easy way the rules of scanning data bank, for example, the whole data bank and single ranges of records.

Computers↗

PubMed2026

Clinical applications of digital twin technology in In Vitro Fertilisation.

BACKGROUND: Digital twin technology, originating from aerospace and manufacturing industries, has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) faces persistent challenges including suboptimal embryo selection, unpredictable treatment outcomes, and limited personalisation of protocols. Despite advances in assisted reproductive technology, existing literature exhibits fragmentation: artificial intelligence applications in embryo selection, ovarian stimulation, and endometrial assessment have been developed independently without systematic integration into comprehensive treatment frameworks. Digital twin technology offers unprecedented opportunities to create virtual replicas of biological systems, enabling real-time monitoring, predictive modelling, and personalised treatment strategies. AIM: This narrative review aims to critically examine the current applications of digital twin technology in IVF, evaluate its potential benefits and limitations, synthesize existing evidence into an integrative conceptual model, and identify future directions for implementation in reproductive medicine. METHOD: A comprehensive narrative review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore databases. A narrative review approach was selected over systematic review to accommodate the heterogeneity of evidence types in this emerging field, including theoretical frameworks, simulation studies, and proof-of-concept implementations that would be excluded from systematic reviews. Search terms included "digital twin," "IVF," "in vitro fertilisation," "assisted reproductive technology," "embryo selection," and "predictive modelling." Studies published between 2015 and 2025 were included, focusing on original research articles, systematic reviews, and proof-of-concept studies describing digital twin applications in reproductive medicine. RESULTS: Digital twin technology in IVF demonstrates significant potential across multiple domains including embryo development simulation, ovarian response prediction, endometrial receptivity modelling, and personalised stimulation protocols. Current applications integrate artificial intelligence, machine learning algorithms, time-lapse imaging, and omics data to create comprehensive virtual models. Early evidence suggests improvements in embryo selection accuracy, ovarian response prediction, and treatment protocol optimization, though large-scale randomized controlled trials remain limited. Implementation challenges include data integration complexity, computational requirements, regulatory considerations, and validation requirements. CONCLUSION: Digital twin technology represents a paradigm shift in IVF practice, offering personalised, predictive, and precision medicine approaches. This review synthesizes existing evidence to propose an integrative conceptual model for digital twin implementation across the IVF treatment spectrum, identifies critical knowledge gaps, and establishes research priorities to advance clinical translation. Despite current limitations, continued advancement promises improved success rates and patient outcomes.

Humans↗

PubMed2006

Concept of sample in OMICS technology.

Fundamental biological processes can now be studied by applying the full range of OMICS technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and beyond) to the same biological sample. Clearly, it would be desirable if the concept of sample were shared among these technologies, especially as up until the time a biological sample is prepared for use in a specific OMICS assay, its description is inherently technology independent. Sharing a common informatic representation would encourage data sharing (rather than data replication), thereby reducing redundant data capture and the potential for error. This would result in a significant degree of harmonization across different OMICS data standardization activities, a task that is critical if we are to integrate data from these different data sources. Here, we review the current concept of sample in OMICS technologies as it is being dealt with by different OMICS standardization initiatives and discuss the special role that the newly formed Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) might have to play in this domain.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Analyses of single-copy Arabidopsis T-DNA-transformed lines show that the presence of vector backbone sequences, short inverted repeats and DNA methylation is not sufficient or necessary for the induction of transgene silencing.

In genetically transformed plants, transgene silencing has been correlated with multiple and complex insertions of foreign DNA, e.g. T-DNA and vector backbone sequences. Occasionally, single-copy transgenes also suffer transgene silencing. We have compared integration patterns and T-DNA/plant DNA junctions in a collection of 37 single-copy T-DNA-transformed Arabidopsis lines, of which 13 displayed silencing. Vector sequences were found integrated in five lines, but only one of these displayed silencing. Truncated T-DNA copies, positioned in inverse orientation to an intact T-DNA copy, were discovered in three lines. The whole nptII gene with pnos promoter was present in the truncated copy of one such line in which heavy silencing has been observed. In the two other lines no silencing has been observed over five generations. Thus, vector sequences and short additional T-DNA sequences are not sufficient or necessary to induce transgene silencing. DNA methylation of selected restriction endonuclease sites could not be correlated with silencing. Our collection of T-DNA/plant DNA junctions has also been used to evaluate current models of T-DNA integration. Data for some of our lines are compatible with T-DNA integration in double-strand breaks, while for others initial invasion of plant DNA by the left or by the right T-DNA end seem important.

Arabidopsis↗

PubMed2006

Comment on "Statistical independence of escalatory ecological trends in Phanerozoic marine invertebrates".

Madin et al. (Reports, 12 May 2006, p. 897) reported that escalation has not been an important cause of biological change throughout the history of life. However, they evaluated the escalation hypothesis with inappropriate data. First, global-scale data integrate heterogeneous signals that obscure the economic context of life. Second, diversity data cannot yield information about selection and adaptation.

Adaptation, Biological↗

PubMed2005

Mortality from human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: a record linkage study.

To evaluate the ability of the Italian Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD) register to detect human transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) cases we compared mortality data from the CJD register with those obtained from death certificates collected by the Italian National Census Bureau (ISTAT) between 1993 and 1999. We used the method of record linkage to compare and integrate data from these two sources. The integrated estimate of TSE deaths was 457: 183 deaths recorded by the CJD register and ISTAT, 210 cases only by the CJD register, and 64 cases only by ISTAT. The average integrated estimated mortality rate was 1.58 deaths per million people per year over the study period and peaked in 1999 at 2.13. This figure is similar to that obtained from data from the CJD register alone in the years 2000-2002. The increase in mortality rates is likely due to an improvement in case ascertainment. The misclassification of cases by ISTAT was above 50% from 1996 onward, suggesting that using only death certificates is not a reliable way to monitor TSE cases in Italy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Information architects: data by design.

HMOs and other network-based health plans are harnessing the power of information--building integrated data infrastructures to meet the needs of members, caregivers, and employers.

Community Networks↗

PubMed2003

S-adenosyl-L-methionine is able to reverse micronucleus formation induced by sodium arsenite and other cytoskeleton disrupting agents in cultured human cells.

Deficiencies of folic acid and methionine, two of the major components of the methyl metabolism, correlate with an increment of chromosome breaks and micronuclei. It has been proposed that these effects may arise from a decrease of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), the universal methyl donor. Some xenobiotics, such as arsenic, originate a reduction of SAM levels, and this is believed to alter some methylation processes (e.g. DNA methylation). The aim of the present work was to analyze the effects of exogenous SAM on the micronucleus (MN) frequency induced by sodium arsenite in human lymphocytes treated in vitro and to investigate whether these effects are related to DNA methylation. Results showed a reduction in the MN frequency in cultures treated with sodium arsenite and SAM compared to those treated with arsenite alone. To understand the mechanism by which SAM reduced the number of micronucleated cells, its effect on MN induced by other xenobiotics was also analyzed. Results showed that SAM did not have any effect on the increase in MN frequency caused by alkylating (mitomycin C or cisplatin) or demethylating agents (5-azacytidine, hydralazine, ethionine and procainamide), but it reduced the number of micronucleated cells in those treated with agents that inhibit microtubule polymerization (albendazole sulphoxide and colcemid). Since albendazole sulphoxide and colcemid inhibit microtubule polymerization, we decided to evaluate the effect of SAM on microtubule integrity. Data obtained from these evaluations showed that sodium arsenite, albendazole sulphoxide, and colcemid affect the integrity and organization of microtubules and that these effects are significantly reduced when cultures were treated at the same time with SAM. The data taken all together point out that the positive effects of SAM could be due to its ability to protect microtubules through an unknown mechanism.

Arsenites↗

PubMed2004

A relational database application in support of integrated neuroscience research.

The development of relational databases has significantly improved the performance of storage, search, and retrieval functions and has made it possible for applications that perform real-time data acquisition and analysis to interact with these types of databases. The purpose of this research was to develop a user interface for interaction between a data acquisition and analysis application and a relational database using the Oracle9i system. The overall system was designed to have an indexing capability that threads into the data acquisition and analysis programs. Tables were designed and relations within the database for indexing the files and information contained within the files were established. The system provides retrieval capabilities over a broad range of media, including analog, event, and video data types. The system's ability to interact with a data capturing program at the time of the experiment to create both multimedia files as well as the meta-data entries in the relational database avoids manual entries in the database and ensures data integrity and completeness for further interaction with the data by analysis applications.

Database Management Systems↗

PubMed2000

Information Management System for Site Remediation Efforts.

/ Environmental regulatory agencies are responsible for protecting human health and the environment in their constituencies. Their responsibilities include the identification, evaluation, and cleanup of contaminated sites. Leaking underground storage tanks (USTs) constitute a major source of subsurface and groundwater contamination. A significant portion of a regulatory body's efforts may be directed toward the management of UST-contaminated sites. In order to manage remedial sites effectively, vast quantities of information must be maintained, including analytical dataon chemical contaminants, remedial design features, and performance details. Currently, most regulatory agencies maintain such information manually. This makes it difficult to manage the data effectively. Some agencies have introduced automated record-keeping systems. However, the ad hoc approach in these endeavors makes it difficult to efficiently analyze, disseminate, and utilize the data. This paper identifies the information requirements for UST-contaminated site management at the Waste Cleanup Section of the Department of Environmental Resources Management in Dade County, Florida. It presents a viable design for an information management system to meet these requirements. The proposed solution is based on a back-end relational database management system with relevant tools for sophisticated data analysis and data mining. The database is designed with all tables in the third normal form to ensure data integrity, flexible access, and efficient query processing. In addition to all standard reports required by the agency, the system provides answers to ad hoc queries that are typically difficult to answer under the existing system. The database also serves as a repository of information for a decision support system to aid engineering design and risk analysis. The system may be integrated with a geographic information system for effective presentation and dissemination of spatial data.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1988

Laboratory Information Management Systems in practice.

To maximize the benefits of a LIMS, the system must be integrated with the analytical instrumentation in the laboratory. This provides on-line data capture or transfer of results for matching with the corresponding sample records held within the database, which reduces transcription error checking and ensures data integrity. Furthermore, the LIMS must be integrated with existing corporate systems to ensure efficient use of resources and to avoid the development of parallel systems.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Functional Genomics meets neurodegenerative disorders Part I: transcriptomic and proteomic technology.

Transcriptomics and proteomics are increasingly applied to gain a mechanistic insight into neurodegenerative disorders. These techniques not only identify distinct, differentially expressed mRNAs and proteins but are also employed to dissect signaling pathways and reveal networks by using an integrated approach. In part I of this back-to-back review, technical aspects are discussed: in the transcriptomics section, which includes enrichment by laser microcapture dissection, we comment on qRT-PCR, SAGE, subtractive hybridization, differential display and microarrays, including software packages. In the proteomics section we discuss two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, methods to label and enrich specific proteins or peptides, and different types of mass spectrometers. These tools have been applied to a range of neurodegenerative disorders and are discussed and integrated in part II (Functional Genomics meets neurodegenerative disorders. Part II: application and data integration).

Animals↗