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PubMed1970

Mechanization of library procedures in the medium-sized medical library. IX. Holding statements in PHILSOM: a study of their activity.

A study was made of the serial holding statements in PHILSOM over a six-month period, in order to determine the desirability of printing the complete serial holding statements monthly. Attention was given to the frequency of internal and update changes in both active and dead entries. The results indicate that while sufficient activity is observed in active serial entries to warrant their monthly updating, dead serial entries remain constant over this period. This indicates that a large group of PHILSOM entries can be easily identified and isolated, facilitating division and independent updating of the resultant lists. The desirability of such a division, however, must also take into consideration the user's ease in handling such a segmented listing.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1977

[Semantics of psychopathological statements. I. Tetraglossia and affective function of the language].

The semantics of clinical statements in psychopathology will be studied in two parts. Here, the affective function and the vernacular element are analysed in the light of their relationship to the other aspects of the language, i.e. the vehicular, referential and mythical aspects. This tetraglossy is in the context of two neuroses whose outbreak involves linguistic phenomena. The symptoms and utterances form semiotic statements linked up by the perlocutory acts of the utterance which in the psychopathological process closely associate vehicular function and affects in a field of belief consistent with their clinical expression.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

On the applicability of statements on drinking and dietary habits for the calculation of risks or organ damage in chronic alcoholics.

Data from 12 alcoholics admitted to a detoxication ward on two separate occasions revealed great differences in statements on drinking and dietary habits between the two interrogations. The findings clearly demonstrate that such statements do not give reliable informations on drinking and dietary habits during prolonged periods. Furthermore, data from 61 patients show that a classification into chronic and intermitent drinkers only to some extent improves the possibilities to calculate the alcohol consumption over prolonged periods, since because of e.g. frequent or prolonged hospitalizations many chronic drinkers may be intoxicated during fewer days of the year than intermittent drinkers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

AHA Committee Report. Risk factors and coronary disease. A statement for physicians.

Clinical, laboratory and epidemiological studies show that certain readily identifiable lifestyles and biological features characterize those persons who are at high risk to develop coronary heart disease (CHD). The first AHA document on this subject, dealing with primary prevention of the atherosclerotic diseases, was published in 1964. It was based in part on earlier AHA statements on smoking (1959) and diet (1961). This information is incorporated into the 1968 statement, "Risk Factors and Coronary Disease." New research information has been accumulated about risk factors in the intervening 12 years, and continues to show that no single risk factor is etiologic--multiple causal factors play interrelated roles in CHD.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1995

Joint statement on resuscitative interventions (update 1995). CMA policy summary.

This joint statement includes: guiding principles for health care facilities when developing cardiopulmonary-resuscitation (CPR) policy; CPR as a treatment option; competence; the treatment decision, its communication, implementation and review; and palliative care and other treatment. This joint statement was approved by the Canadian Healthcare Association, the CMA, the Canadian Nurses Association and the Catholic Health Association of Canada and was developed in cooperation with the Canadian Bar Association.

Canada↗
PubMed1995

Treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis and prevention of rheumatic fever: a statement for health professionals. Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the American Heart Association.

Primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever is accomplished by proper identification and adequate antibiotic treatment of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) tonsillopharyngitis. Diagnosis of GAS pharyngitis is best accomplished by a throat culture. Penicillin (either oral penicillin V or injectable benzathine penicillin) remains the treatment of choice, because it is cost effective, has a narrow spectrum of activity, has long-standing proven efficacy, and GAS resistant to penicillin have not been documented. Various macrolides, oral cephalosporins, and other beta-lactam agents are acceptable alternatives, particularly in penicillin-allergic individuals. The individual who has had an attack of rheumatic fever is at very high risk of developing recurrences after subsequent GAS pharyngitis and needs continuous antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent such recurrences (secondary prevention). The duration of prophylaxis depends on the number of previous attacks, the time lapsed since the last attack, the risk of exposure to streptococcal infections, the age of the patient, and the presence or absence of cardiac involvement. Penicillin is again the agent of choice for secondary prophylaxis, but sulfadiazine or erythromycin are acceptable alternatives in penicillin-allergic individuals. This report is an update of a 1988 statement by this committee. It expands on the previous statement, includes more recent therapeutic modalities, and makes more specific recommendations for the duration of secondary prophylaxis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Court statements by psychiatrists and the information about the victim].

The author examined 90 psychiatry court statements of individuals suspected of battering the women with whom they were cohabiting. The goal of the study was to assess to what extent psychiatry court experts were interested in the victim involved, and whether they considered the victim's possible influence on the offender's mental state at the time of the crime. The number and scope of the information about the victim as contained in the court statements have also been assessed. Moreover, the source of the victim data was scrutinised. It turned out that there were very few trace and random pieces of information concerning the victim. Only in two cases fact that the impact of the victim had an effect on the mental state of the offender was taken into consideration. The author suggests that experts should explore the possible influence of the victim on the mental state of the offender at least in cases of evident victim-offender interaction.

Criminal Law↗
PubMed1993

Using the mission statement to craft a least-restraint policy.

St. Peter's Hospital used the Mission Statement as a foundation upon which to build a new "Least Restraint Policy." The Mission Statement guided the change process by assisting us to 1) identify the need for change, 2) identify the values and beliefs on which a new policy should be based, 3) identify the need for interdisciplinary planning, and 4) identify the need for staff and family education before implementation of the new policy.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Approaches to enhancing the quality of drug therapy. A joint statement by the CMA and the Canadian Pharmaceutical Association. Canadian Medical Association.

This joint statement was developed by the CMA and the Canadian Pharmaceutical Association, a national association of pharmacists, and includes the goal of drug therapy, strategies for collaboration to optimize drug therapy and physicians' and pharmacists' responsibilities in drug therapy. The statement recognizes the importance of patients, physicians and pharmacists working in close collaboration and partnership to achieve optimal outcomes from drug therapy.

Canada↗
PubMed1996

Supplementary statement on hepatitis A prevention.

In a recent statement on the prevention of infections caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV), NACI described the usual indications for use of immune serum globulin (IG) and the newly available inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (HAVRIX, SmithKline Beecham). Subsequently, a more potent vaccine formulation was licensed, permitting a single dose primary immunization of adults. This supplementary statement addresses this development and comments on vaccine use in children.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Position statement and guidelines on support personnel in audiology. American Speech-Language Hearing Association.

This policy document of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) reflects the Association's position that the Certificate of Clinical Competence-Audiology (CCC-A) is a nationally recognized quality indicator and education standard for the profession. The following statement includes the CCC-A as the appropriate credential for audiologists supervising support personnel. The consensus panel document's exclusion of the CCC-A conflicts with ASHA's policy. Member organizations that composed the consensus panel on support personnel in audiology included: Academy of Dispensing Audiologists (ADA), American Academy of Audiology (AAA), ASHA, Educational Audiology Association (EAA), Military Audiology Association (MAA), and the National Hearing Conservation Association (NHCA). Representatives to the panel included Donald Bender (AAA) and Evelyn Cherow (ASHA), co-chairs; James McDonald and Meredy Hase (ADA); Albert deChiccis and Cheryl deConde Johnson (AAA); Chris Halpin and Deborah Price (ASHA); Peggy Benson (EAA); James Jerome (MAA); and Lloyd Bowling and Richard Danielson (NHCA). ASHA's Legislative Council and Executive Board elected not to adopt the consensus panel document because it excluded the CCC-A. In all others aspects, the documents remain similar. This position statement and guidelines supersede the audiology sections of the Guidelines for the Employment and Utilization of Supportive Personnel (LC 32-80).

Audiology↗
PubMed1998

Pediatric workforce statement. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Pediatric Workforce.

This statement reviews current physician workforce projections, and identifies the factors that will have the most impact on future pediatric workforce projections. It discusses the key issues relating to the pediatric workforce: utilization of services, provision of care by both pediatricians and nonpediatricians, pediatric subspecialization, ethnic composition of the population and of the pediatric workforce, indebtedness, and geographic distribution. In a concluding series of recommendations, the statement addresses the steps that must be taken to ensure that all of America's infants, children, adolescents, and young adults have access to appropriate pediatric health care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

NIH Consensus Statement on Breast Cancer Screening for Women in Their 40s: How Will It Affect Patient Care?

It is generally accepted that breast cancer screening mammograms in women 50 years of age and older has saved lives. It also is generally accepted that the incidence of breast cancer in women younger than 40 is too small to warrant subjecting young women to the risks associated with mammograms. But whether women in the transition years from 40 to 49 should have routine screening mammograms has been debated for 2 decades. On January 23, the NIH Consensus Statement on Screening Mammograms for Women Ages 40 to 49 lit a powder keg when, after 2-and-a-half days of hearings and study, it announced "The data do not support a universal recommendation that all women in their 40s should undergo screening mammography." Many experts have challenged the conclusion and advocated screening mammograms every 1 to 2 years starting at age 40. To sort out the impact of the NIH statement and determine where clinicians and consumers stand, Medscape launched its first on-line survey on January 30. Most Medscape responders agree that screening mammograms every 1 to 2 years should begin at age 40 and fear that third-party health care payers will use the conclusion of the NIH consensus panel to deny reimbursement for screening mammograms in women younger than 50 years of age.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Three types of IS-A statement in diagnostic classifications: three types of knowledge needed for development and maintenance.

Update mechanisms for diagnostic classifications should capture changes in medical knowledge but also allow for comparability across versions. This paper provides a basis for such a mechanism by describing types of IS-A statement and types of knowledge used in the construction of diagnostic classifications. Three types of IS-A statement are used: 'A is by definition a B', 'A is probably a B' and 'A is in theory necessarily a B'. Each relates to a different type of knowledge: knowledge of linguistic conventions, of probabilities, and of empirical theories and their status, respectively. Consequently, the development and maintenance of diagnostic classifications requires a collaboration of medical terminologists and medical scientists. The role of the latter is especially important during updating. Updating is necessitated by changing probabilities and by the introduction or changing status of empirical theories. The linguistic notion of hyponymy oversimplifies the issue.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2003

Consensus statement on the use of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in the treatment of autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering diseases.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the meeting of the Consensus Development Group was to critically evaluate the current published data on the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy in the treatment of autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering diseases (AMBDs) and to discuss the industrial preparation and safety features of this biologic agent. PARTICIPANTS: The participants were physicians who frequently treat patients with these diseases and included dermatologists, oral medicine specialists, ophthalmologists, and immunologists. The members of the group provided input and discussion in their areas of expertise. The participants were invited attendees. EVIDENCE: Data samples included only published information in the English-language literature. The expert opinions and experience of the members of the Consensus Development Group were vital to the discussion. CONSENSUS PROCESS: A consensus was achieved by an open discussion and cumulative agreement on all issues relevant to the use of IVIg therapy in the treatment of AMBDs. Special emphasis was placed on indications for its use, determination of outcome parameters, and development of a protocol for its therapeutic use. We also focused on its safety and on prevention of adverse effects. CONCLUSION: This consensus statement outlines the scope of IVIg treatment; provides guidelines for its use, including indications, prescreening, premedications, dose, frequency, and monitoring; and defines the end point of therapy.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed2002

National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association consensus statement on the use of placebo in clinical trials of mood disorders.

A consensus conference on the use of placebo in mood disorder studies consisted of expert presentations on bioethics, biostatistics, unipolar depression, and bipolar disorder. Work groups considered evidence and presented statements to the group. Although it was not possible to write a document for which there was complete agreement on all issues, the final document incorporated input from all authors. There was consensus that placebo has a definite role in mood disorder studies. Findings of equivalence between a new drug and standard treatment in active control studies is not evidence of efficacy unless the new drug is also significantly more effective than placebo. Add-on studies in which patients are randomized to standard therapy plus the investigational drug or standard therapy plus placebo are especially indicated for high-risk patients. Mood disorders in elderly and pediatric patients are understudied, and properly designed trials are urgently needed. Research is needed on the ethical conduct of studies to limit risks of medication-free intervals and facilitate poststudy treatment. Patients must fully understand the risks and lack of individualized treatment involved in research.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed2003

Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance consensus statement on the unmet needs in diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders in late life.

OBJECTIVES: To review progress made during the past decade in late-life mood disorders and to identify areas of unmet need in health care delivery and research. PARTICIPANTS: The Consensus Development Panel consisted of experts in late-life mood disorders, geriatrics, primary care, mental health and aging policy research, and advocacy. EVIDENCE: (1) Literature reviews addressing risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and delivery of services and (2) opinions and experiences of primary care and mental health care providers, policy analysts, and advocates. CONSENSUS PROCESS: The Consensus Development Panel listened to presentations and participated in discussions. Workgroups considered the evidence and prepared preliminary statements. Workgroup leaders presented drafts for discussion by the Consensus Development Panel. The final document was reviewed and edited to incorporate input from the entire Consensus Development Panel. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the availability of safe and efficacious treatments, mood disorders remain a significant health care issue for the elderly and are associated with disability, functional decline, diminished quality of life, mortality from comorbid medical conditions or suicide, demands on caregivers, and increased service utilization. Discriminatory coverage and reimbursement policies for mental health care are a challenge for the elderly, especially those with modest incomes, and for clinicians. Minorities are particularly underserved. Access to mental health care services for most elderly individuals is inadequate, and coordination of services is lacking. There is an immediate need for collaboration among patients, families, researchers, clinicians, governmental agencies, and third-party payers to improve diagnosis, treatment, and delivery of services for elderly persons with mood disorders.

Age Factors↗