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PubMed2002

A strategic approach to employee retention.

A sound retention strategy should incorporate a business plan, a value proposition, progress measures, and management influences. The business plan will indicate whether a healthcare organization will achieve a return on investment for its effort. A value proposition will showcase an organization's strengths and differentiate it from its competitors. Measuring progress toward meeting retention goals at regular intervals will help keep an organization on track. The best managers require accountability, rewarding employees for their successes and taking corrective action as necessary. Retention rate targets must be at a level that will achieve a competitive advantage in the served market.

Hospitals, Proprietary↗
PubMed1992

A service chief model for general pediatric inpatient care and residency training.

Pediatric training programs are faced with rapid, fundamental changes in hospital practice and an increasingly rigorous regulatory and fiscal environment. Traditional models for providing care and teaching students and house officers may not be sufficiently responsive to these challenges. In 1986, the Department of Medicine at Children's Hospital, Boston, reorganized the general inpatient program and implemented a "service chief" system adapted from British hospital "firms." Three age-based inpatient services (Thomas Morgan Rotch infant/toddler service, Kenneth Daniel Blackfan school-age service, and Charles Alderson Janeway adolescent/young adult service) were created, each headed by an experienced clinician and teacher (service chief). The service chiefs developed age-appropriate curricula, recruited a balanced faculty of generalists and specialists to serve as attending physicians and provide teaching in their areas of expertise, and established strong collaborative relationships with nurse managers on their respective wards. Implementation of the service chief system has been associated with development of faculty esprit de corps, standardized tracking of faculty performance, enhanced supervision and counseling of housestaff, and improved continuity of patient care. Relationships with referring physicians have improved dramatically, as measured by formal satisfaction surveys. Accountability and documentation have been emphasized, and departmental billings have increased sharply. Ongoing quality indicators have been developed, and collaborative patient care, teaching, and quality-improvement projects have been initiated with the nursing staff. Naming the services for distinguished past physicians-in-chief has provided a focus for fund-raising.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accreditation↗
PubMed2006

Establishing evidence-informed core intervention competencies in psychological first aid for public health personnel.

A full-scale public health response to disasters must attend to both the physical and mental health needs of affected communities. Public health preparedness efforts can be greatly expanded to address the latter set of needs, particularly in light of the high ratio of psychological to physical casualties that often rapidly overwhelms existing mental health response resources in a large-scale emergency. Psychological first aid--the provision of basic psychological care in the short term aftermath of a traumatic event--is a mental health response skill set that public health personnel can readily acquire with proper training. The application of psychological first aid by public health workers can significantly augment front-line community-based mental health responses during the crisis phase of an event. To help achieve this augmented response, we have developed a set of psychological first aid intervention competencies for public health personnel. These competencies, empirically grounded and based on best practice models and consensus statements from leading mental health organizations, represent a necessary step for developing a public health workforce that can better respond to the psychological needs of impacted populations in disasters.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The function of the group tutorial in training human resources in public health].

Within the educational system, the method of group tutor was developed as a teaching strategy: the tutor goes along with a group of students to field training and works with them on the systematization and analysis of the study to obtain the final report. The purpose of this paper is to recuperate the work experience of the Department of Didactics of the School of Public Health of Mexico during 1991. A relevant conclusion is that this form of work needs to be studied and developed, since it demands a greater amount of independence from the students and requires a different participation from the teacher, both as coordinator and advisor.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Succession planning: aligning strategic goals and leadership behaviors.

In the intense health care environment of today, human capital is an organizations most important asset. Leadership and human capital can often differentiate a successful organization from one that is not. In an ongoing effort to develop a strong and capable workforce, many organizations focus exclusively on hiring and training without regard for succession planning; this is a mistake. Succession planning is essential to develop and maintain organizational success. Succession planning supports the development of strong leadership because it leads to increased skills and competencies of staff who can best manage the organization toward achievement of organizational strategic goals. Dealing with the fears and issues surrounding the topic enables leaders to align an organizations strategic goals with its human capital needs to maintain and support leadership transitions and effective organizations.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

New strategies in the management of cancer.

The developing knowledge of cancer is paving the way for a new era of management of this disease. New scientific knowledge has enabled different and exciting modes of cancer therapy to be tested in the clinical setting. These innovations will lead to the availability of novel cytotoxic agents in the near future. In addition to such agents, the last few years has seen the emergence of new radiotherapy and surgical techniques that have the potential to radically change nursing practice. Such developments require a knowledgeable nursing workforce who can provide anticipatory care in tandem with supportive care strategies to facilitate optimal patient outcomes. This article considers potential future developments in cancer management and raises the issue of nursing being integral to the treatment process.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Work stress and alcohol use.

Employees who drink heavily or who abuse or are dependent on alcohol can undermine a workforce's overall health and productivity. To better understand the reasons behind employee abusive drinking and to develop more effective ways of preventing problem drinking in the workforce, researchers have developed a number of paradigms that guide their research. One such paradigm is the alienation/stress paradigm, which suggests that employee alcohol use may be a direct or indirect response to physical and psychosocial qualities of the work environment. Although in the alcohol literature, work alienation and work stress traditionally have been treated as separate paradigms, compelling reasons support subsuming the work-alienation paradigm under a general work-stress paradigm. Researchers have developed several models to explain the relationship between work stress and alcohol consumption: the simple cause-effect model, the mediation model, the moderation model, and the moderated mediation model. Of these, the moderated mediation model particularly stands out, because it simultaneously addresses the two fundamental issues of how and when work stressors are related to alcohol use. Recent research supports a relation of work-related stressors to elevated alcohol consumption and problem drinking. Future research should focus on the relation between work stressors and alcohol use among adolescents and young adults, because they are just entering the workforce and are the most likely to engage in heavy drinking. Longitudinal studies also are needed to better explain the relation between work stress and alcohol use.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Human resources for health--challenges for the 21st century.

A quality health workforce is critical for the development of health systems and the delivery of health services. Although significant resources have been devoted to this area, imbalances persist in most countries. There is a growing recognition that to address current demographic, epidemiological, technological and socioeconomic changes, approaches to human resources for health development must be more comprehensive. While education and training of health personnel is a crucial element, the areas of policy development, planning and management of human resources must receive appropriate attention. Health sector reform initiatives have not included human resources development as an integral part in their processes, which has led to failures of reforms in some cases. Human resources for health must have a more prominent place on the political agenda of countries. It is apparent that to meet current and future challenges, partnerships between the many actors must be established.

Forecasting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partnering with public health: a model for baccalaureate nursing education.

This article discusses the implementation of a one-year project developed to increase and improve the quality of public health nursing experiences for baccalaureate nursing students at one state-assisted university. The partnership model involved collaboration with public health departments, the academic nursing programs, and community agencies and leaders. The project led to the development of increased student skills related to interdisciplinary team work, program development, and cultural competency skills. A needs assessment questionnaire of the public health department partner staff supported a need to develop public health work force skills. The project provided opportunities for nursing faculty development. The project results support the need for service-academic partnerships to develop the public health nursing workforce.

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed2001

Role of human leukocyte antigen phenotype and exposure in development of occupational asthma.

Studies of factory workforces in the past decade, exposed to both inhaled protein allergens (e.g. enzymes) and low molecular weight sensitisers (e.g. acid anhydrides), have provided consistent evidence of exposure-response relationships for both sensitisation (IgE production) and asthma. The development of molecular techniques has allowed investigation of candidate gene, in particular HLA Class 2 alleles, as risk factors contributing to individual susceptibility, in particular to low molecular weight chemicals. The frequency of HLA DR3 in cases of sensitisation to trimellitic anhydride and ammonium hexachloroplatinate is increased as compared to referents who have experienced a comparable intensity and duration of exposure. Similarly, HLA DQB1Asp57 is consistently more frequent in cases of isocyanate induced asthma. These observations indicate HLA Class 2 molecules contribute to individual susceptibility to sensitisation and asthma caused by low molecular weight chemicals. A study of platinum refinery workers suggested the relative risk associated with HLA phenotype was greater at lower levels of exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Assessing the professional development needs of public health professionals.

This article describes the major activities associated with designing and implementing a comprehensive, professional development needs assessment of public health professionals in four states of the South Central region of the United States. The instrumentation, research design, and summary results of the needs assessment described in this article may facilitate similar efforts by interested researchers and program developers to assess the public health professional workforce training needs. Results of needs assessments can be useful in designing and evaluating professional development curricula and activities to strengthen public health services in the United States.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health care assistants: developing their role to include nursing tasks.

Detailed information about the educational needs and aspirations of health care assistants in acute care settings is scarce. A study was undertaken across four acute trusts to develop an advanced health care assistant training programme. The findings support the drive to further develop the role of this workforce group.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1983

Women and health care in rural Pakistan.

The provision of medical facilities to rural areas is a major objective of development in Pakistan and the government has undertaken several programs to train and deploy auxiliary health workers on a large scale. Programs to train lady health visitors, dispensers and sanitary inspectors, have been in operation for decades and their graduates have a place in the workforce. Currently the Government is developing a Basic Health Program to train auxiliary health workers and to establish a network of rural health facilities throughout the country. The research here reported was meant to help plan this program. The 4 week study was conducted in four districts of the Punjab and North West Frontier Provinces. We first interviewed women patients of rural dispensaries in the four districts to determine their views of their needs and of the constraints of the purdah system when seeking health care. We then interviewed principals of medical colleges and training institutes, who were in a position to assess the availability of women to enter the medical workforce and female mid-level health workers who were currently serving in their posts. Finally, since allopathic medical institutions compete with indigenous medical specialists, we interviewed two hakims and a homeopathic physician to obtain their view of rural health needs, as well as their potential for contributing to a broad based rural health care system.

Female↗