PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “ADRENAL GLAND NEOPLASMS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of [iodine-131]6-beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol (NP-59) imaging.

NP-59 concentrates in steroid hormone synthesizing tissues, enabling scintigraphic localization and characterization of endocrine dysfunction in the adrenal cortex and ovary. Studying 108 consecutive cases from 1982 to 1985 and using clinical, biochemical, radiographic, and pathologic data, we performed a rigorous assessment of the accuracy and pitfalls of NP-59 scintigraphy. The evaluation was divided into categories of abnormal hormone secretion: Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosteronism, and hyperandrogenism. Additional categories included euadrenal tumors (without detectable hormone dysfunction) and sites of residual adrenal cortical tissue. The accuracy of NP-59 scintigraphy ranged from 71% in primary aldosteronism and 75% in euadrenal tumors, to 100% for Cushing's syndrome and hyperandrogenism. However, more than in most nuclear medicine studies, NP-59 imaging requires well-defined indications to be met for it to be efficacious, including the fulfillment of clear clinical, biochemical, and radiographic criteria. The high reproducibility of NP-59 scintigraphic interpretation was demonstrated when 40 random cases underwent interinstitutional exchange and through interobserver evaluation at the University of Michigan. Responses of 85/126 medical centers to questionnaires revealed the high level of NP-59 safety.

Adosterol↗
PubMed1995

Magnetic resonance imaging of the adrenal gland and kidney.

MR is able to detect and characterize the majority of disease entities which affect the adrenal glands and kidneys. In the evaluation of the adrenal glands in-phase and out-of-phase T1-weighted imaging may be the most effective noninvasive method to distinguish benign adenomas from malignant masses. T2-weighted images are sensitive and relatively specific for the investigation of pheochromocytoma. Although MRI is excellent at evaluating the kidneys, the lower cost and good image quality of CT render it the primary diagnostic tool for renal imaging. The major current applications for MRI of the kidneys include evaluation of patients with allergy to iodinated contrast, renal failure, and the characterization of complicated renal lesions. Evaluation of venous thrombus in the context of renal cancer is likely also a useful role for MRI.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Management of the adrenal "incidentaloma".

The suprarenal fossa has been a clinically silent area of the body where nonfunctional lesions of soccer ball size could go undetected until they disturbed functions of adjacent organs. Unless an adrenal tumor was suspected by biochemical or clinical screening information, early diagnosis was an exception, and localization usually required invasive techniques. With the advent of noninvasive computer-assisted radiologic and sonographic techniques, surgeons now have the reverse problem of early diagnosis of asymptomatic adrenal mass: do we need to know about nonfunctioning "incidentalomas" and what further action is compelled by their discovery? Sophisticated adrenal imaging techniques, even if noninvasive, should be be utilized as a localizing technique after the biochemical determination of adrenal disease is established. Localization should not precede the biochemical confirmation of endocrine active adrenal disease. For adrenal masses discovered in asymptomatic patients, predictability of curative adrenal surgery is only as good as the strength of the causal link between the clinical evidence of adrenal disease and the localizing information; thus the indication for operation does not rely solely upon the resolving power of adrenal imaging to demonstrate adrenal masses. This causal link is not strengthened by one radiographic test that confirms the results of another in the absence of evidence that adds functional significance to the radiographic findings. For the "incidentaloma" of the adrenal that might represent neoplasm, techniques similar to those employed for thyroid masses should be used for diagnosis rather than the routine prescription of operation based on the mere presence of a space-occupying lesion. Direct correlation of imaging studies applied to prior patient findings is necessary before operation is indicated for adrenal "incidentalomas."

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Co-expression of PC2 and proenkephalin in human tumoral adrenal medullary tissues.

Expression of PC2, a Kex2-related protease, and of one of its possible substrates, proenkephalin, was examined in normal adrenal glands (n = 7) and pheochromocytomas (n = 20). PC2 could only be detected in normal adrenal glands using the sensitive RT/PCR technique. By Northern blot, PC2 and proenkephalin were expressed in 85% and 90% of the 20 pheochromocytomas studied, respectively. Moreover, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirmed expression of PC2 in human tumoral adrenal medullary tissue. These results show for the first time expression of PC2 in human pheochromocytomas which may be involved in the processing of proenkephalin.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1973

Adrenal microsomal C19-steroid 5alpha-reductase activity in the Snell transplantable rat adrenocortical tumour 494 and the effect of oestradiol, testosterone propionate and adrenocorticotrophin in intact and gonadectomized rats.

The C(19)-steroid 5alpha-reductase activity in the microsomal fraction of rat adrenal tissue under various hormonal treatments was examined. In intact control rats the activity is similar in both males and females, and after gonadectomy it is markedly increased. Treatment with oestradiol (150mug/day per animal for 7 days) or testosterone propionate (2mg/day per animal for 7 days) lowered the activity of 5alpha-reductase in castrated animals to approximately the values for intact animals in both sexes, and in intact animals the activity was also decreased by these treatments. The enzyme activity was also decreased by adrenocorticotrophin treatment but to a lesser extent than by the steroid hormones. The activity of the 5alpha-reductase enzyme in the Snell adrenocortical tumour 494 is very low when incubated as a whole homogenate, but the activity in microsomal material of the tumour was measured and unexpectedly found to be similar to that in intact controls.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of the adrenal gland.

Computed tomography (CT) easily and accurately demonstrates both the normal and abnormal adrenal gland. The normal adrenal gland can be seen in almost 95% of patients. With this technique, 29 of 29 proved adrenal masses were demonstrated; one case of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia could not be recognized, another showed equivocal enlargement. CT is an excellent screening and often definitive radiologic test of evaluating the adrenal gland.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1971

Abnormal hormone responses of an adrenocortical cancer adenyl cyclase.

Properties of adenyl cyclase of normal adrenals and of a corticosterone-producing adrenal cancer of the rat have been compared. Enzyme activity was found in all particulate fractions of both tissues. The cyclase of the tumor as well as of the adrenals was stimulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) over similar concentration ranges. Unexpectedly, the tumor enzyme was also stimulated by epinephrine, norepinephrine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). These hormones produced a dose-related effect over a concentration span that was comparable with that for ACTH. The tumor cyclase was not responsive to angiotensin Il, vasopressin, glucagon, insulin, growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, and thyrocalcitonin. ACTH was the only hormonal preparation that stimulated normal adrenal cyclase. These findings are compatible either with the possibility that the adenyl cyclase receptor of the tumor has undergone structural alteration with a consequent loss of specificity for ACTH or with the possibility that the tumor possesses several cyclase regulatory receptors.

Adenine Nucleotides↗