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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Micro Apical Placement System (MAPS) . A new instrument for retrograde root filling].

A retrograde radicular preparation in the axis of the root canal as well as an excess-free obturation of the canal is surgically very demanding due to the complex anatomical structures and to the limited intraoral operative field. As from the early 1990s, advisable methods for the retrograde root canal obturation under minimal place requirements have been implemented thanks to ultrasonic- and sonic-driven microinstruments. This publication presents a new microsurgical instrument, the "Surgical-Retro" Micro Apical Placement System (MAPS), which facilitates in a large extent the retrograde obturation with a plas tic root canal filling material. The device provides an unrestricted access to the retrograde cavity, allowing thus an accurate obturating technique whilst avoiding the dispersion of the root canal filling material in the surrounding bone. Thanks to the "Surgical-Retro" Micro Apical Placement System, a further gap in the improvement of the quality and, thus, of the success of the treatment by apical resection has been filled.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide for intracanal medication].

The authors show how the proper use of the root canal medication based on calcium oxide is determinant for causing a perfect asepsis of the root canal in the 58 teeth, taken in consideration, the calcium oxide is more efficacious than the calcium hydroxide not only because it produces a remarkable decrease of the bacterial quantity, but also because the recovery time of the lesion before the filling up of the root canal, is less than half time in comparison with that one got by means of the calcium hydroxide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Hydrofluoric acid injuries: pathogenesis and treatment].

On the basis of two case histories, the most recent literature concerning hydrofluoric acid injuries is reviewed with particular attention to the pathogenesis and the therapeutic possibilities. It is concluded that washing with water is the primary and most important treatment. Depending upon the extent of the injury, surface treatment with 2.5% calcium gluconate solution or gel may then be employed and/or infiltration treatment with a 5-10% calcium solution. Possibly combined with local analgesia and hyaluronic acid. Intravenous or intra-arterial infusion of calcium compounds and surgical excision may be considered as specialist treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Successful sodium thiosulphate treatment for recurrent calcium urolithiasis.

Thirty-four idiopathic rapid calcium stone formers (24 male/10 female) were studied. Their ages ranged from 20 to 60 years (40 +/- 11) and all had good renal function. The trial comprised two consecutive periods of 3 years and 4 years duration respectively. In the first (control period), the patients were maintained on a customary diet with an adequate fluid intake sufficient to produce about 2 liters of urine daily. In the second (treatment period), they received a similar diet plus 20 mmol of sodium thiosulphate daily. New stone development fell from 100 in the control period to 15 in the treatment period, corresponding to a rate of 0.98 and 0.11 per year (p less than 0.001). It is suggested that the benefit from sodium thiosulphate results from calcium thiosulphate formation in urine, a salt with a molar solubility of 250 to 100.000-fold greater than that of other urinary calcium salts.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Chemical skin burns.

Copious lavage with water is the cornerstone of treatment for most types of chemical burns. Particularly dangerous are burns from hydrofluoric acid, which may act as both an alkali and an acid in its effects on the tissues. There are specific antidotes for certain types of chemical burns. For phenol burns, polyethylene glycol solutions are better solvents than water.

Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An in vitro study of electrical osteogenesis using direct and pulsating currents.

Although many investigators have electrically stimulated osteogenesis in vivo, this phenomenon has not been reported in vitro. In this work direct and pulsating currents were applied to in vitro fetal rat tibiae. The results indicated that electric current did cause osteogenesis in vitro, precipitates of calcium compounds formed in the cathode region, and direct current was more effective in stimulating bone growth than pulsed current delivering the same total charge (coulombs).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effect of iron as a new type of phosphate binder in hemodialysis patients.

Hyperphosphatemia is one of the major problems requiring management in the majority of hemodialysis patients and they require phosphate-binding agents to control the hyperphosphatemia. Aluminum hydroxide and calcium compounds are used currently as phosphate-binding agents to treat hyperphosphatemia, but these compounds can cause undesirable side effects. Therefore, the development of new phosphate-binding agents is imperative. It is well known that oral and intravenous administration of iron causes hypophosphatemia. We hypothesized that this side effect of iron may be beneficial for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients. Consequently, we conducted a fundamental and clinical investigation of the effects of iron administration. Membrane permeability of phosphorus in a mixture of sodium ferrous citrate and dessicated aluminium hydroxide in the presence of hydrogenated lecithin as a phosporic compound was examined. Fifteen patients undergoing hemodialysis were treated with 150 mg of sodium ferrous citrate given orally for eight weeks. The permeability of the filtering membrane to phosphorus decreased in accordance with the dosage of sodium ferrous citrate and dessicated aluminum hydroxide. The degree of phosphate-binding effect of sodium ferrous citrate was larger than that of dessicated aluminum hydroxide. Serum phosphorus decreased significantly during the experiment. These results suggest that the oral administration of sodium ferrous citrate as a new phosphate binder is a useful therapeutic method for hemodialysis in patients with hyperphosphatemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[Bactericidal effect of hydrated lime in aqueous solution].

This study determined the bactericidal effect of the supernatants of saturated solutions of common lime and of micronized calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (1500 mg/L), which was used as a control, compared with disinfectants made of solutions of 0.33% colloidal silver (0.0016 mg/L), toluene sulfachloramine (41 mg/L) with sodium bicarbonate (9 mg/L), and sodium hypochlorite (5 mg/L). The test involved four strains of Vibrio cholerae 01, V. parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Sh. sonnei, and Sa. enterititidis. These bacteria were inoculated into the bactericidal substances listed above and, after different incubation times, the number of surviving bacteria was determined in vitro by using a counting plate. The results were expressed in colony-forming units (CFU). An in situ estimate was made of the amount of V. cholerae on 35 strawberries and 35 radishes (having a weight of about 10 g per unit) after they were washed under a flow of potable water, submerged in the supernatant of the saturated lime solution (1.5 g/L), or both. The greatest bactericidal effect was obtained against V. cholerae 01 and was observed in 3 minutes. Other enterobacteria were resistant to the effect for up to 30 minutes.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1994

Chemical, bacteriological and biological examination and evaluation of sediments from drinking water reservoirs--results from the first sampling phase.

Between September 1992 and April 1993, samples of sediment were taken from a total of 16 drinking water reservoirs from seven water suppliers. Five different types of raw water were examined, samples being taken with varying frequency. The comparison of surface reservoir water and ground water constituted a central aim in this first series of investigations. The composition of the sediment was determined in terms of its chemical, bacteriological and biological characteristics. It was established that the deposits that normally accumulate in the course of an operating period contain, in addition to the familiar mass-determinant inorganic constituents such as iron, manganese and calcium compounds, in some cases considerable quantities of organic substances. Total organic carbon (TOC) contents of up to 11 weight-% were found. Besides an increased concentration of heavy metals, in particular cadmium, nickel and zinc, were measured in some sediments. The bacteriological examination of the sediments, in accordance with the German drinking water regulation (TrinkwV) showed, in part, very high colony counts. However, there was apparently no influence on the effluent water as the reservoir was emptied. The microscopical examination showed independent of the raw water source the sediments being colonized by invertebrates. Up to 9000 organisms per litre of fresh sediment were recorded. The predominant group of animals, in terms of numbers, was the rotifers followed by threadworms. The comparison of water from impounding reservoirs and ground water made evident that the presence of organisms in reservoir sediments is not restricted to the use of surface water.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Experimental development of a chitosan-bonded beta-tricalcium phosphate bone filling paste.

Bone filling substances are needed to meet several requirements including nontoxicity, setting time, changes in pH values, and amount of dissolved elements as well as mechanical properties. In this study, the bone-generating composites were prepared by employing the in vivo absorbable beta-tricalcium phosphate as a parent matrix kneaded with CaO, MgO, and ZnO as bone mineral additives with different compositions. The setting time, pH values, compressive strength were investigated as a function of the amount of these bone mineral additives. It was found that the setting time was shortened by increasing CaO, MgO, and ZnO contents. Increasing ZnO contents resulted in the pH value lower, while the pH values increased by increasing CaO and MgO contents. Increasing ZnO contents caused the compressive strength stronger, on the other hand, the compressive strength was weakened by increasing MgO contents. Furthermore, calcium appears to be selectively released from the hardened composite sample.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Mechanochemical synthesis of bioactive material: effect of environmental conditions on the phase transformation of calcium phosphates during grinding.

The effect of environmental conditions on the crystalline transformation of metastable calcium phosphates during grinding was investigated using X-ray diffractometry and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. A mixture of CoA and dicalcium phosphate anhydrate (DCPA, CaHPO4) did not transform after grinding in air. On the other hand, CaO and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD, CaHPO4 2H2O) were converted into a noncrystalline solid. Mixtures of DCPD and Ca(OH)2 transformed into low-crystallinity hydroxyapatite after grinding in air. When ground under N2, a mixture of Ca(OH)2 and DCPD did not transform into hydroxyapatite, whereas that of DCPD: Ca(OH)2: CaCO3 = 1:0.8: 0.2 did. The results of X-ray diffraction of FT-IR spectra suggested that the presence of carbon dioxide in the grinding system was necessary for transformation from metastable calcium phosphates to hydroxyapatite.

Air↗