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PubMed2006

Impact of aldehyde content on amphotericin B-dextran imine conjugate toxicity.

The biocompatibility of oxidized dextran (40 kDa) was investigated in vitro. The contribution of aldehyde groups to the toxicity of polymer-drug conjugates, such as dextran-amphotericin B (AmB) was evaluated. Oxidized dextran was proved to be toxic against the RAW 264.7 cell line with an IC50 of 3 micromol/mL aldehydes. Modification of aldehyde groups and their reaction with ethanolamine reduced the toxicity at least 15-fold. Accordingly, the antifungal and antileishmanial dextran-AmB imine conjugate, which contains unreacted aldehyde groups, was modified with ethanolamine and compared to dextran-AmB amine and imine conjugates. Modification of the imine conjugate with ethanolamine reduced its toxicity toward the RAW cell line by 100%. The effect on Leishmania major parasites was 5 times higher than that of the dextran-AmB amine conjugate. The dextran-AmB-ethanolamine conjugate was at least 15 times less hemolytic than free AmB. Stability and drug release profiles in buffer solution were investigated. The imine conjugates released free AmB while the amine conjugate did not. It is concluded that aldehyde groups may contribute to cell toxicity. This toxicity is reduced by converting the aldehyde groups into imine conjugates with ethanolamine. The results have direct implications toward the safety of AmB-polysaccharide conjugates used against fungal and leishmanial infections.

Aldehydes↗

PubMed1995

Uptake of dextran sulphate by glomerular intracellular vesicles during kidney ultrafiltration.

Dextran sulphate is often used as a model for albumin in understanding capillary-tissue exchange and the charge selective nature of the capillary wall, particularly in kidney ultrafiltration. In investigating the mechanism of transport in the kidney, autoradiographic analysis of the distribution of iodinated dextran sulphate in perfused rat kidneys demonstrates the preferential accumulation of the probe in the glomerular capillary wall. Tritium-labeled dextran sulphate is found to be specifically taken up by intracellular 20 to 40 nm vesicles that can be isolated post-perfusion. The molecular weight profile of vesicular dextran sulphate demonstrates that the dextran sulphate containing vesicles are from vascular glomerular cells. Dextran is not taken up by the vesicles. These results suggest that the apparent charge selectivity associated with the transglomerular transport of the dextran sulphate is associated, in part, with cell-mediated processes at the glomerular level.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Sodium ferric gluconate complex in hemodialysis patients: adverse reactions compared to placebo and iron dextran.

BACKGROUND: Parenteral iron is often required by hemodialysis patients to maintain adequate iron stores. Until recently, the only available form of intravenous iron was iron dextran, which is associated with significant adverse reactions, including anaphylaxis and death. Sodium ferric gluconate complex (SFGC) was recently approved for use in the U.S. under FDA's priority drug review. This Phase IV study was designed to evaluate the safety of a single dose of intravenous SFGC as compared to placebo and a historical iron dextran control. METHODS: This multicenter, crossover, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled prospective comparative study was performed in hemodialysis patients requiring at least 125 mg of elemental iron. The historical control was obtained from a meta-analysis of four publications examining outcomes in patients exposed to iron dextran. SFGC naïve patients were administered SFGC without a test dose, undiluted, at a rate of 125 mg over 10 minutes, and compared to placebo comprising bacteriostatic saline. RESULTS: A total of 2534 patients were enrolled. The incidence of drug intolerance (an adverse event precluding re-exposure) was significantly less [0.44%, confidence interval (CI) 0.21 to 0.71%] after SFGC as compared to the iron dextran control (2.47%, CI 1.87 to 3.07%, P < 0.0001), but higher than after placebo (0.1%, P = 0.02). There was no difference found between SFGC and placebo in serious adverse events. A single life-threatening event occurred after SFGC (0.04%, CI 0.00 to 0.22%), which was significantly less than following iron dextran (0.61%, CI 0.36 to 0.86%), P = 0.0001. CONCLUSION: SFGC is well tolerated when given by intravenous push without a test dose. SFGC has a significantly lower incidence of drug intolerance and life-threatening events as compared to previous studies using iron dextran. The routine use of iron dextran in hemodialysis patients should be discontinued.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Is dextran infusion as an antithrombotic agent necessary in microvascular reconstruction of the upper aerodigestive tract?

Patent microvascular anastomoses are mandatory for a successful free tissue transfer. Dextran 40 is widely used by reconstructive microsurgeons in conjunction with free tissue transfer, to prevent flap loss. Unfortunately, dextran-induced adverse reactions, such as anaphylactoid reactions, adult respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac overload, hemorrhage, and renal damage, remain the major risks in routine use of dextran 40. The authors retrospectively analyzed the patency rates of 55 microvascular tissue transfers of a single microsurgeon after tumor ablation of malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract between August, 1997 and March, 2001. The patency rates of free flap reconstructions were 96 percent for the dextran-infusion group and 100 percent for the dextran-free group. There was no statistically significant difference between the patency rates of these two groups. The results showed that the routine use of dextran as an antithrombotic agent is not necessary in microvascular reconstruction. The disadvantages of dextran infusion can be effectively prevented.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Conjugate chemistry and cellular processing of EGF-dextran.

Conjugates with specific binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, of interest for radionuclide based imaging and therapy were prepared using mouse epidermal growth factor, mEGF, and dextran. In one type of conjugate, mEGF was coupled to dextran by reductive amination in which the free amino group on the mEGF N-terminal reacted with the aldehyde group on the reductive end of dextran. The end-end coupled conjugate could be further activated by the cyanopyridinium agent CDAP, thereby introducing tyrosines to the dextran part. In the other type of conjugate, the cyanylating procedure using CDAP was applied, first to activate dextran and then allowing for the amino terminus of mEGF to randomly attach to the dextran. In the latter case, radionuclide-labelled tyrosines or glycines could be added in the same conjugation step. All types of mEGF-dextran conjugates had EGFR-specific binding since the binding could be displaced by an excess of non-radioactive mEGF. The conjugates were to a large extent internalized in the test cells and the associated radioactivity was retained intracellularly for different times depending on both the type of cells and conjugate applied. Different intracellular 'traffic routes' for the radionuclides are discussed as well as applications for both imaging and therapy.

Astatine↗

PubMed1974

Immunochemical analysis of the idiotypes of mouse myeloma proteins with specificity for levan or dextran.

This paper deals solely with idiotypic determinants, the configurations of which are modified when the antibody bearing them interacts with its ligand. This phenomenon is measured as an inhibition of the reaction between anti-idiotype and idiotype. Two points are made: (a) The assay for ligand-modifiable determinants can be used to determine the "size" of the combining site. This is illustrated here with the anti-alpha(1 --> 6) dextran mouse myeloma immunoglobulin W3129. Whether the interaction between a homologous series of alpha(1 --> 6) oligosaccharide ligands and the combining site of W3129 is measured by inhibition of precipitation with alpha(1 --> 6) dextran (4) or of binding of W3129 to anti-W3129 idiotype, the finding is the same. The order of inhibition is isomaltohexaose = isomaltopentaose >> isomaltotetraose > isomaltotriose >>> isomaltose. The combining site is optimally complementary to isomaltopentaose. (b) Cross-idiotypic specificity is closely correlated with cross-combining specificity; the converse is not true. This is illustrated here with three groups of mouse myeloma immunoglobulin, each specific for alpha(1 --> 3) dextran, alpha(1 -->6) dextran, beta(2 --> 1) or beta(2 --> 6) levan. If a given anti-idiotypic serum cross-reacted with several myeloma proteins, they always had similar combining specificity. Thus the three proteins, J558, MOPC 104E, and UPC 102, which cross-react with anti-J558 have combining specificity for alpha(1 --> 3) dextran; cross-reacting W3082, UPC 61, and Y5476 have specificity for levan; and cross-reacting W3129 and W3434 have specificity for alpha(1 --> 6) dextran. This extends previous studies with proteins specific for phosphorylcholine (7) or gamma-globulin (8). As expected, the converse is not true, for proteins may have combining specificity for alpha(1 --> 6) dextran e.g. QUPC 52, or levan e.g. J606, UPC 10 and yet not carry the above-mentioned reference idiotypes. The correlation between cross-idiotypic and combining specificity breaks down when idiotypic determinants which are not modifiable by ligand are studied. The implications of this are pointed out since most investigations deal with ligand-nonmodifiable determinants.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

The permeability of glomerular capillaries of aminonuceoside nephrotic rats to graded dextrans.

Graded dextrans were used as tracers to study glomerular permeability in nephrotic rats. Two narrow range fractions were used, one which was approximately the same size as albumin (62,000 mol wt) and one which was considerably larger (125,000 mol wt). Nephrosis was induced with daily injections of an aminonucleoside of puromycin, and the animals examined after 7 days, when proteinuria is minimal, or after 10 days, when proteinuria has almost reached a maximum. At both stages and with both dextran fractions the following results were obtained: (a) dextran was retained for up to 3 h (the longest interval studied) in the plasma at high concentration; (b) there was a sharp drop in the concentration of tracer between the inner, looser portions of the basement membrane (lamina rara interna) and its outer denser portions (lamina densa), (c) accumulation of dextran was seen in the mesangial areas with time; and (d) no accumulation of dextran was seen in the slits at any time. These results are the same as those reported earlier in normal animals, and they demonstrate that in nephrotics the basement membrane still behaves as the main filtration barrier retaining most of the plasma proteins. Certain differences from the findings in normals were also noted in that increased amounts of the tracer were present on the epithelial side of the basement membrane: (a) in the urinary spaces; (b) in the subepithelial portions of the basement membrane; and (c) within lysosomes (protein absorption droplets) in the epithelial cytoplasm. In addition areas of thinning of the dense portions of the basement membrane (lamina densa) were seen which were accompanied by a corresponding widening of the less dense, subendothelial and subepithelial layers (lamina rara interna and externa, respectively). The presence of increased quantities of dextran on the epithelial side of the basement membrane indicates that the filter, i.e. the basement membrane, is leaky and allows increased passage of dextrans and therefore plasma proteins.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Combining site specificities of mouse hybridoma antibodies to dextran B1355S.

The combining sites of 12 mouse hybridoma antibodies to dextran B1355S have been characterized by quantitative precipitin assay. All antibodies preferentially bind the immunizing antigen B1355S and two other class I dextrans, B1498S and B1501S, but show substantial differences in the extents to which they cross react with class I dextrans, suggesting their clustering into five groups. Three myeloma proteins, CAL20 TEPC1035, J558, and MOPC104E, which bind dextran B1355S, each fall into a different group. There appears to be a substantial, but imperfect, correlation of DH region structure and individual idiotypic determinants with dextran binding patterns. Proteins with RY DH segments and IdI (J558) idiotypes are in groups 1 or 3, and proteins with YD DH segments and IdI (MOPC104E) idiotypes are exclusively in group 5. However, identical patterns of precipitin curves accompany very different sequences in CDR3. Antibodies of group 1, which react only with class II dextrans, differ the most in primary sequence, a finding suggesting that subsites responsible for cross reactivity with class I dextrans may be blocked and that this may be effected by side chains of different amino acids. This finding delineates a new aspect of the relationship of variability in amino acid sequence to antibody complementarity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1981

Effects of ferrous chloride and iron dextran on lipid peroxidation in vivo in vitamin E and selenium adequate and deficient rats.

The effects of intraperitoneally injected ferrous chloride and iron-dextran on lipid peroxidation in vivo were assessed. Peroxidation was estimated by measuring ethane, a volatile autoxidation product of omega-3-unsaturated fatty acids. Rats supplemented with 0.1 ppm dietary selenium and rats supplemented with 0.1 ppm selenium and 200 IU vitamin E/kg diet were injected with ferrous chloride at 30 mg iron/kg, or with sodium chloride, or left uninjected. In both dietary groups ferrous chloride increased ethane production while sodium chloride did not, but the iron-caused ethane increase was 8 times greater in the low E group. Iron-dextran injected at 500 mg iron/kg was fatal to rats fed a basal diet deficient in selenium and vitamin E or diet supplemented with 0.5 ppm selenium; supplemental vitamin E at 200 IU/kg diet prevented this mortality. Iron-dextran quadrupled ethane production in rats fed the basal diet and tripled ethane production in rats fed the selenium-supplement diet. Vitamin E supplementation prevented the iron-dextran-caused rise in ethane production. A histological examination of rats killed by iron-dextran showed severe generalized necrosis of the diaphragm and severe focal necrosis of thigh muscle. Vitamin E protected more effectively than selenium against iron-dextran-caused peroxidation as well as against acute iron-dextran-caused mortality.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Polymyxin-dextran antiendotoxin pretreatment in an ovine model of normotensive sepsis.

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that adult sheep pretreated with polymyxin-dextran and then made septic by cecal ligation and perforation would have fewer changes in microvascular integrity and cellular architecture in extrapulmonary organs. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled animal study. SETTING: An animal research facility in a university-affiliated hospital. SUBJECTS: Mature, male Suffolk sheep (32 to 67 kg). INTERVENTIONS: Animals with chronic indwelling catheters were pretreated with polymyxin B-dextran (6 mg/kg) or placebo (dextran) and an intra-abdominal focus of infection was then produced by cecal ligation and perforation. Treatment (polymyxin B or placebo) was continued every 8 hrs for 48 hrs. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Forty-eight hours after randomization, the polymyxin B-dextran group manifested significantly less pyrexia (p = .04), higher mean arterial pressures (p = .02), less variable serum albumin concentrations (p = .05), and a trend toward decreased lactate concentrations (p = .10). Qualitative morphometry and semiquantitative scoring of tissue from gastrocnemius muscle demonstrated that polymyxin B-dextran-treated sheep had significantly increased total capillary (p = .04) and capillary luminal areas (p = .038) and less mitochondrial swelling and damage (p = .03) compared with the placebo sheep. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment of sheep in a polymicrobial, peritonitis model of sepsis with polymyxin B-dextran resulted in a significant amelioration of sepsis-induced ultrastructural damage. In placebo-treated control animals, these ultrastructural lesions were associated with a greater severity of sepsis, as measured by the presence of pyrexia, increased lactate concentrations, and less stable blood pressures. These findings justify the investigation of the effects of polymyxin B-dextran in a post onset model of sepsis.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Effects of Ringer-acetate and Ringer-dextran solutions on the microcirculation after LPS challenge: observations in the hamster cheek pouch.

The effects of NaCl 0.9%, Ringer-acetate, and Ringer-dextran given as intravenous infusions in the microcirculatory changes observed in early stages of endotoxemia were investigated in male hamsters treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The cheek pouch was studied in vivo by means of intravital microscopy. Mean arterial (MAP) and venous pressures (CVP), heart rate, mean arteriolar internal diameter, spontaneous arteriolar vasomotion (AV), red blood cell velocity (RBCV) in these vessels, and long-term effects of LPS were evaluated in animals treated with either LPS alone or the combination of LPS with NaCl 0.9%, Ringer-acetate and Ringer-dextran. The intravenous injection of LPS (0.3 mg/kg) elicited a significant reduction in MAP and CVP, cessation of AV and a decrease in RBCV. In our study, the heart rate and the arteriolar diameter did not change significantly, compared with the control values obtained before the LPS injection. No improvement in the MAP could be detected with infusions of NaCl 0.9% or Ringer-acetate but the infusion of Ringer-dextran increased it significantly. All infusions tested maintained the CVP until the end of the observation period and the Ringer-dextran increased it significantly. The heart rate was maintained around 360 beats/min with a tendency to decrease 70 min after the LPS infusion in all groups studied except the group which received NaCl 0.9% where the heart rate decreased significantly. In all the four groups, the mean arteriolar diameter did not change significantly with time during the observed period. RBCV decrease with the combination LPS + NaCl 0.9% and the infusions of Ringer-acetate and Ringer-dextran maintained it until the end of the observation period. The combination of LPS + NaCl 0.9% maintained the spontaneous arteriolar vasomotion during 50 min after LPS injection and the infusion of Ringer-acetate maintained it for the 3-h observation period. The infusion of Ringer-dextran maintained the amplitude of the spontaneous arteriolar vasomotion and increased its frequency significantly. The long-term effects of LPS showed weight loss and pus on the periorbital area. Our results suggest that the best solution to maintain the microcirculatory parameters during the early stage of endotoxemia after LPS injection was the Ringer-dextran.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Analyses of idiotypes on anti-alpha-1, 6-dextran antibodies in mice.

When mice of strains C57BL/6, C3H/He, and BALB/c were immunized with native dextran B512, only a small amount of IgM antibody was produced, but a substantial amount of anti-dextran antibody of IgG class was produced after immunization with a conjugate of dextran T10 and keyhole limpet hemocyanin regardless of the mouse strain used. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) spectra revealed limited heterogeneity of anti-dextran antibody of IgG class with strict consistency in all individual sera from C57BL/6 mice, even after secondary immunization, whereas antibodies from C3H/He and BALB/c mice showed more heterogeneous IEF spectra with some individual variations. Rabbit anti-idiotypic (Id) antibodies were raised by immunization with a subfraction of anti-dextran antibody of IgG class from C57BL/6 mice, which showed major bands focused at around pH 7.7 upon IEF. It was found by using the anti-Id antibodies that virtually all anti-dextran antibody molecules of both IgG and IgM classes from C57BL/6 mice possessed common Id determinants which can be classified into two specificities, one specific for antibody from C57BL/6 mice and the other cross-reactive with antibodies from BALB/c and C3H/He mice. About 80% of the antibody molecules from BALB/c and less than 20% of those from C3H/He mice were positive for the interstrain cross-reactive Id. Both Id determinants seemed to be closely related to the antigen binding sites, or at least to reside in the vicinity of the antigen binding sites of anti-dextran antibody.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Anaphylactoid reaction to dextran---a report of 133 cases.

From 1968 to 1975, the Swedish Adverse Drug Reaction Committee received 113 reports on anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 70, and 20 reports on the same reaction to dextran 40. For 1975, this would equal a reported incidence of anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 70 of 1:2,500. The median age of patients reacting to dextran 70 was 63 years. Median age increased with increasing severity of the anaphylactoid reaction: from 48 years in patients who died. Symptoms were noticed within 10 min of the start of the infusion, or before 100 ml had been infused in 96 patients (85%) with an anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 70. There was a tendency for severe reactions to be observed earlier than milder ones. Symptoms also tended to be observed earlier in conscious than in unconscious patients. Reactions reported to have occurred in unconscious patients tended to be more severe than those in conscious patients. Patients with anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 40 did not differ from those with reactions to dextran 70 with regard to age, severity of the reaction or time before onset of symptoms. There was one death in this group.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1995

Effect of dextran on plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) during surgery.

Dextran is known to increase the plasminogen activation rate in vitro and to decrease the alpha2-antiplasmin activity. We decided to explore the effect of dextran on plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) during surgical trauma. Thirty-one patients undergoing elective surgery were given 500 ml of 6% dextran 70. Another nine patients serving as controls were given 500 ml of a glucose-electrolyte solution. The activities of t-PA and PAI-1 during surgery were determined, as was the concentration of t-PA antigen. PAI-1 activity was decreased by 19% after infusion of 250 ml of dextran. After 500 ml, the activity was reduced by 22% (both P < 0.05). The activity of t-PA was increased by 43% and 29% (both P < 0.05) and the antigenic amount of t-PA was increased by 18% and 15% (both P < 0.05) after infusion of 250 ml and 500 ml of dextran, respectively. No changes in these variables were observed in the control patients. It is concluded that infusion of dextran promotes fibrinolysis by enhancing plasminogen activation in patients subjected to trauma. Since elevated levels of PAI-1 prior to surgery are known to predispose to deep vein thrombosis, which may form already during the operation, the effect of dextran on PAI-1 described here may explain its clot preventing properties.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1996

Dextran 70 and blood loss during transurethral resection of the prostate.

BACKGROUND: Dextran is an effective plasma expander but also a potential anticoagulant. This article attempts to establish the clinical significance of any increased intra-operative blood loss associated with the use of dextran 70 during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). METHODS: The blood loss was measured in used irrigating fluid by a photometer in 800 patients undergoing TURP. In 154 of them, 500-1,000 ml of 6% dextran 70 was given for volume replacement. A regression model was used to test for interactions between the use of dextran and the operative parameters that correlated independently with the blood loss. RESULTS: The bleeding varied between 10 and 3,825 ml (median 323). Operative parameters correlating to the blood loss were: weight of the prostatic resectate, operating time, irrigating fluid absorption, and systolic arterial blood pressure. The result of this regression analysis indicated that dextran did not increase the blood loss. Neither did the prostatic weight and operating-time-corrected blood loss increase when dextran was infused. CONCLUSION: There was no indication that dextran 70 given within the recommended dose range increases the blood loss during TURP.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Effects of ketorolac and dextran-70 alone and in combination on haemostasis.

BACKGROUND: Dextran may be used in surgical patients for thromboprophylaxis or volume expansion along with ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, for analgesia. As these two agents can influence the haemostatic system at different sites, it is important to demonstrate that there is no adverse haemostatic interaction between them. METHODS: The haemostatic interaction between intravenous dextran-70 and intramuscular ketorolac was assessed in a double-blind, randomised, crossover study of healthy male volunteers each given all four combinations of ketorolac/placebo intramuscularly and dextran/placebo intravenously. The effect of ketorolac and dextran on haemostasis was assessed by the following techniques: skin bleeding time, in vitro platelet aggregation function, whole blood thromboxane generation, von Willebrand factor antigen, factor VIII coagulant activity and tissue plasminogen activator. The results were analysed for the effects of ketorolac and dextran and for any evidence of an interaction. RESULTS: Ketorolac inhibited platelet function and thromboxane generation. Dextran reduced factor VIII coagulant activity. Neither agent had a significant effect on bleeding time, von Willebrand factor or tissue plasminogen activator. There was only evidence of a small but statistically significant interaction between ketorolac and dextran on thromboxane generation. There was no evidence of any other interaction of ketorolac with dextran. CONCLUSION: This interaction on thromboxane generation is unlikely to be of clinical significance as substantial inhibition of thromboxane generation occurs with ketorolac alone.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Altered phenotype of dextran sulfate sodium colitis in interferon regulatory factor-1 knock-out mice.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is a transcription factor with antiviral, proinflammatory and tumor suppressor properties. We examined the role of IRF-1 in dextran sulfate sodium colitis, a murine model of inflammatory bowel disease, to determine if absence of the gene would protect against colitis. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice with a targeted disruption of IRF-1 and wild-type C57BL/6J controls received five 7-day cycles of 2% dextran sulfate sodium alternating with five 7-day cycles of water. Colonic tissue was formalin fixed for histological analysis and total RNA extracted for gene chip and SYBR green real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. RESULTS: Histological analysis revealed increased distortion of crypt architecture in the dextran sulfate sodium-treated, IRF-1 -/- animals as compared to dextran sulfate sodium-treated wild-type animals. Five of 15 dextran sulfate sodium-treated IRF-1 -/- mice, but only one of 14 dextran sulfate sodium-treated wild-type mice, developed colonic dysplasia. Microarray analysis comparing colonic gene expression in IRF-1 -/- and wild-type animals revealed decreased expression of caspases, genes involved in antigen presentation, and tumor suppressor genes in the IRF-1 -/- animals. Increased expression of genes involved in carcinogenesis and immunoglobulin and complement genes was also noted in the knock-out animals. CONCLUSIONS: Absence of IRF-1 is not protective in dextran sulfate sodium colitis.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1961

Effect of molecular weights of colloidal dextran on human serum lipids.

When 6-percent colloidal solutions of dextran (molecular weights, 10.000 to 500.000) are mixed with human serum in vitro, a new dextran-lipid fraction appears in paper strip electrophoresis between the starting point and the gamma globulins. The intensity of this dextran-lipid fraction increases with the progressive increase of molecular weight of the dextran used, and this increased intensity of the dextran-lipid fraction is accompanied simultaneously by an appropriate decrease of the lipid fraction migrating with the beta globulins. The intensity of the A-lipoproteins and the neutral fats adsorbed at the starting point seems unaltered by the application of dextran in colloidal solution regardless of the molecular weight of the dextran used. No change of the protein patterns was observed.

Dextrans↗