PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Oocyte donation: a review.

Oocyte donation provides an option for achieving pregnancy in women lacking functioning gonads, or in whom IVF techniques have failed to harvest adequate oocytes, or those who do not wish to use their own gametes because of hereditary disease. In agonadal women, artificial menstrual cycles are required before proceeding to gamete donation. A fixed cyclical steroid replacement schedule of oestradiol (E2) valerate and progesterone (P4) pessaries was initially used, but the need for synchrony between donor and recipient cycles, and the narrow window for implantation limited the transfer of fresh embryos. Donor-recipient cycle asynchrony can be overcome by using frozen-thawed embryos, or by extending the follicular phase in the recipient to widen the transfer window. Twenty-two pregnancies have now been achieved by the Monash/Epworth group, resulting in the birth of 13 healthy infants. There were no statistically significant differences in pregnancy rates (per transfer) between transfers in natural cycles (14%, four pregnancies) and steroid replacement cycles (24%, 16 pregnancies). Five pregnancies (36%) were established in women treated with 2 mg of E2 daily 13-18 days before embryo transfer with P4 starting on the day of or the day following oocyte retrieval. E2 was continued for a median of 85 days (range 49-110) and P4 for a median of 86 days (range 49-133) after the supposed last menstrual period. All but one delivery was by caesarean section. There were no perinatal deaths and no ectopic pregnancies.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1992

Ovum donation program at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei.

The ovum donation program at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital currently confronts the difficulty of limited oocyte resources. The oocytes might be donated from the surplus oocytes of IVF patients. However, after the successful introduction of embryo cryopreservation, patients preferred to have their surplus embryos cryop-reserved and thus, few surplus oocyts were available for donation from IVF program. In addition, official policies discourage use of oocytes donated by consanguineous relatives of either one of the recipient couple or for financial rewards. Among the first three oocytes recipients, with ovarian failure, one chemical pregnancy resulted. Oral premarin and transvaginal and intramuscular progesterone were administered as hormone replacement. The fourth recipient, who had had bilateral oophorectomy, received transdermal estradiol patch (Estraderm) and transvaginal progesterone (Utrogestan) as hormone replacement. The Estraderm/Utrogestan protocol became standard in later cases since the first ongoing pregnancy was achieved in patient 4. We feel this protocol satisfies the required ample levels of hormone replacement for ovum donation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Embryo technologies in the horse.

Recent studies demonstrated that zwitterionic buffers could be used for satisfactory storage of equine embryos at 5 degrees C. The success of freezing embryos is dependent upon size and stage of development. Morulae and blastocysts <300 microm can be slowly cooled or vitrified with acceptable pregnancy rates after transfer. The majority of equine embryos are collected from single ovulating mares, as there is no commercially available product for superovulation in equine. However, pituitary extract, rich in FSH, can be used to increase embryo recovery three- to four-fold. Similar to human medicine, assisted reproductive techniques have been developed for the older, subfertile mare. Transfer of in vivo-matured oocytes from young, healthy mares into a recipient's oviduct results in a 70-80% pregnancy rate compared with a 30-40% pregnancy rate when the oocytes are from older, subfertile mares. This procedure can also be used to evaluate in vitro maturation systems. In vitro production of embryos is still quite difficult in the horse. However, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been used to produce several foals. Cleavage rates of 60% and blastocyst rates of 30% have been reported after ICSI of in vitro-matured oocytes. Gamete intrafallopian tube transfer (GIFT) is a possible treatment for subfertile stallions. Transfer of in vivo-matured oocytes with 200,000 sperm into the oviduct of normal mares resulted in a pregnancy rate of 55-82%. Oocyte freezing is a technique that has proven difficult in most species. However, equine oocytes vitrified in a solution of ethylene glycol, DMSO, and Ficoll and loaded onto a cryoloop resulted in three pregnancies of 26 transfers and two live foals produced. Production of a cloned horse appears to be likely, as several cloned pregnancies have recently been produced.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assisted reproductive technologies may obviate apparent immunologic infertility.

Spermatozoal autoantibodies have been associated with reduced fertilization by natural coital methods. Nine subfertile men were evaluated who repeatedly tested positive for spermatozoal autoantibodies as characterized by direct immunobead test. Using the hemizona assay, we determined whether tight binding of spermatozoa to the zona pellucida was reduced in these test males as compared to a fertile male whose semen had been cryopreserved and thawed immediately prior to testing. The average number of spermatozoa tightly bound to the zona pellucida from the subfertile male was significantly reduced compared to the fertile male (mean +/- SD, P less than or equal to 0.01) 19.5 +/- 8 versus 77.1 +/- 49. Seven of the nine couples eventually had successful fertilization using intrauterine insemination or gamete intrafallopian tube transfer and one couple conceived with natural coital insemination. Our findings, albeit limited, suggest that greater caution should be used in implicating associations of spermatozoal autoantibodies with absolute infertility, because novel assisted reproductive technologies often may obviate conventional encumbrances on opportunities for pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preliminary experience with embryo intrafallopian transfer (EIFT).

Embryo intrafallopian transfer was accomplished in 10 patients. Approximately 48 hours after oocyte retrieval, the embryonic cleavage stage was evaluated and from two to six embryos were transferred to the fallopian tubes at the 2- to 8-cell stage using a laparoscopic technique. Five clinical pregnancies resulted; four patients have given birth to five healthy babies (one set of twins) and one had a miscarriage. These results are encouraging, and we believe that transfer of embryos to the fallopian tubes may be an alternative to GIFT or IVF treatment in selected groups of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Oocyte maturation and its relation to various components of the follicular fluid].

Thirty five follicular fluid (FF) non hematic samples were analyzed. It were obtained from patients who receive ovulation induction for in vitro fertilization (FIV) and gamete intrafallopian tube transfer (GIFT). The purpose of this retrospective study was to localize one or more markers for the oocyte maturity. The degree of expansion of the oocyte-cumulus-corona radiata complex (COCC), was measured and correlated with the absorbance of the yellow pigment from FF. The scanning spectrophotometry was made in the visible range at 350 to 600 nm. The total amount of protein, estradiol and progesterone were correlated too. Spectrophotometric scan showed four groups: the first one with 20 samples had'n one peak at 413.8 nm. The 45% of this ova were classified as immature by the morphology of the COCC. The second group with seven samples showed one peak at 457.2 nm. All of this oocytes were previously classified as preovulatories. In the next two groups the combination of two peaks were present. The group three with one peak at 416.4 nm and other at 457.9 nm; with one oocyte atretic and two immature. The group four with five samples that showed the first peak at 413.6 nm, and the second peak at 562 nm of maximum absorbance. Two of this ova were classified as atretic and the rest of them like preovulatories. In this study we could not find correlation between the proteins, estradiol and progesterone levels with the morphology of the COCC. In conclusion, spectrophotometric scan of the FF could be of great value for scoring the oocyte mature, mainly in the GIFT.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A randomized comparison of the cryopreservation of one-cell human embryos with a slow controlled-rate cooling procedure or a rapid cooling procedure by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen.

We conducted a randomized prospective study of the cryopreservation of one-cell human embryos, comparing a slow controlled-rate freezing procedure with a rapid cooling procedure by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen. We analysed the numbers of embryos that were recovered immediately after thawing (= recovery), the number of embryos morphologically intact after thawing and subsequent dilution of the cryoprotectants (= survival), the numbers of embryos undergoing further cleavage after 24 h of in-vitro culture (= cleavage) and the implantation of transferred embryos (= children born per frozen-thawed embryo transferred). We demonstrated that the recovery of embryos was greater after slow controlled-rate freezing. Survival was greater after rapid cooling and the number of embryos undergoing further cleavage was higher after slow controlled-rate freezing. Although the birth rate was twice as high after slow controlled-rate freezing as after rapid cooling, this difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, our results show clearly that for the freezing of one-cell human embryos, slow controlled-rate freezing is more efficient than rapid cooling. Before rapid cooling is used routinely in clinical in-vitro fertilization programmes, its safety and reproducibility must be convincingly demonstrated.

Cleavage Stage, Ovum↗
PubMed1994

The fluid dynamics of injection: variables as they relate to transvaginal gamete intra-fallopian transfer and tubal embryo transfer.

Transvaginal gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) and tubal embryo transfer have not, in most cases, produced pregnancy rates as high as the equivalent transabdominal methods. We postulated that two parameters, i.e. wide dispersion of the gametes and peritoneal spill of gametes or embryos, are of prime importance in explaining this difference. We designed this study to analyse the effect of varying the rate of injection (microliter/min) of radio-opaque contrast media and the distance the transfer catheter is placed into the tubal isthmus upon these two parameters. Selective salpingography was performed on 30 patients who were allocated to one of two experiments. In the first experiment (flow rate), 20 patients were divided into four groups so that we could analyse four sets of 10 Fallopian tubes. Each group was subjected to injection of contrast at different flow rates: 100, 50, 25 or 12.5 microliters/min. Peritoneal spill occurred from 4, 2, 0 and 0 tubes and wide dispersion (> 4 cm) of contrast occurred in 6, 5, 1 and 0 tubes at the respective injection rates of 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 microliters/min. At 12.5 microliters/min contrast was localized to < 2 cm of tubal ampulla in all cases. In the second experiment (catheter placement), the remaining 10 patients were divided to allow analysis of two groups of 10 Fallopian tubes. The transfer catheter was placed either 1.5 cm or 5 cm into the tube and the radio-opaque contrast was injected at 12.5 microliters/min. No difference in the degree of dispersion of contrast along the Fallopian tube was observed. No backflow of contrast into the uterine cavity was observed in any patient following removal of the catheter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed1992

Oocyte and embryo donation.

Oocyte and embryo donation, first reported in humans in 1983 has helped patients who do not possess functional ovarian tissues or whose oocyte cannot be used for fertilisation, to conceive. Though it is the female counterpart as the donor insemination in the male, it imposes quite different bioethical issues. The article is a review of the oocyte and embryo donation programme in general, with special discussion on regimes of Cyclic Steroid Replacement Therapy, the recruitment of oocyte donors, bioethical issues, and future applications of oocyte donation in medicine.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1994

Complications of assisted reproductive techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To review and appreciate the relevant data on assisted reproduction techniques and their potential complications. DATA RESOURCES: Major publications on assisted reproduction that include the information concerning complications associated with this practice. RESULTS: Assisted reproduction is a common practice in modern reproductive medicine. Complications are associated with ovulation induction and the extracorporeal methods that are used for IVF-ET, GIFT, and zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT). These complications are associated with laparoscopy, anesthesia, oocyte retrieval, and laboratory facilities. Pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction are more complicated than spontaneous pregnancies. There are higher rates of ectopic, heterotopic, and multifetal pregnancies; abortions; and premature deliveries. Increased rates of perinatal mortality and morbidity result from prematurity, and higher rates of maternal diseases in pregnancy (preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus, bleeding, anemia) contribute to fetal intra-uterine growth restriction and maternal morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Assisted reproduction practice should be well controlled in view of the potential for complications before and during pregnancies.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1994

Assisted reproductive technology in the United States and Canada: 1992 results generated from the American Fertility Society/Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Registry.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the procedures and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) initiated in the United States in 1992. DESIGN: Data were collected on an annual summary form and submitted to The American Fertility Society/Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Registry. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred forty-nine programs submitted data on procedures performed in 1992. Data were collected in October 1993 so that outcome of all pregnancies established would be known. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcomes measured included clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, abortion, stillbirth, delivery, and congenital abnormality. RESULTS: Programs reported initiations of 37,955 cycles of ART treatment, excluding frozen embryo and donor oocyte cycles. Of these, 29,404 cycles initiated were IVF with 16.8% deliveries per retrieval, 5,767 were cycles of GIFT with 26.3% deliveries per retrieval, 1,993 cycles of zygote intrafallopian transfer with 22.8% deliveries per retrieval, and 791 were combination cycles, combining IVF and one of the tubal transfer techniques, resulting in 27.9% deliveries per retrieval. In addition to these cycles initiated in 1992, 5,814 frozen ET procedures were reported, either as separate procedures or in combination with another ART procedure, with 13.9% deliveries per procedure, and 2,032 donor oocyte or surrogacy cycles were initiated with an overall success of 31.3% deliveries per retrieval. As a result of all procedures, a total of 7,355 deliveries were reported. CONCLUSIONS: In 1992, there were more programs offering more treatment cycles of ART. Average success rates exhibited only a small increase compared with previously reported summaries.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Frozen zygote intrafallopian transfer: a successful approach for transfer of cryopreserved embryos.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether frozen ET to the fallopian tube is a possible alternative for cryopreserved embryos. DESIGN: Fifty-four patients (mean age 35 years) participated, in which their embryos were cryopreserved in 1.5 M propanediol at the pronuclear or two-cell stage. Each patient then underwent a steroid replacement cycle consisting of oral micronized 17 beta-E2 2 mg on days 2 to 4, 4 mg on days 5 to 7, 6 mg on days 8 to 10, and 8 mg from day 11 on. Serial ultrasounds were performed to evaluate the endometrium until an optimal thickness of > or = 10 mm triple layer was achieved. At this time, 100 mg IM progesterone was initiated and the zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) procedure was performed on the third day of P administration. The average number of embryos transferred was 4.4. RESULTS: Twenty-two clinical pregnancies resulted, giving a pregnancy rate of 41%. Eight miscarriages occurred and one ectopic pregnancy resulted, giving a live birth rate of 24%. Implantation rate was 10.8%. The highest chance of pregnancy was seen in patients who never had a previous IVF, GIFT, or ZIFT (61%). CONCLUSION: This is the first report of a series of frozen ETs to the fallopian tubes. These results indicate that tubal transfer may offer a protective benefit of the tubal environment and avoidance of endometrial trauma, and should be added to our armamentarium of replacing cryopreserved embryos.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Assisted reproductive technology in the United States and Canada: 1994 results generated from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine/Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Registry.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the procedures and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) initiated in the United States in 1994. DESIGN: Data were collected on the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) Database program and submitted to KMPG Peat Marwick, who served as the 1994 collection center for the American Society for Reproductive Medicine/Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Registry. PARTICIPANT(S): Two hundred forty-nine programs submitted data on procedures performed in 1994. Data were collected after October 1995 so that outcome of all pregnancies established would be known. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The outcomes measured included clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, abortion, stillbirth, delivery, and congenital abnormality. RESULT(S): Programs reported initiations of 39,390 cycles of ART treatment, excluding frozen embryo and donor oocyte cycles. Of these, 33,700 cycles initiated were IVF (standard, with micromanipulation, and for host uterus transfer) with 20.7% deliveries per retrieval; 4,214 were cycles of GIFT with 28.4% deliveries per retrieval; 926 were cycles of zygote intrafallopian transfer with 29.1% deliveries per retrieval; and 550 were combination cycles, combining IVF and one of the tubal transfer techniques, resulting in 29.7% deliveries per retrieval. In addition to these cycles initiated in 1994, 7,046 frozen ET procedures were reported, either as separate procedures or in combination with another ART procedure with 15.4% deliveries per procedure, and 3,119 donor oocyte cycles were initiated with an overall success of 46.8% deliveries per retrieval. As a result of all procedures, a total of 9,573 deliveries were reported. CONCLUSION(S): In 1994, there were fewer programs reporting a similar number of treatment cycles of ART as in 1993. Overall average success rates (deliveries per procedures) exhibited only a small increase compared with previously reported summaries.

Adult↗