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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Changes in plasma norepinephrine in normal labor following isometric contraction.

Changes in norepinephrine following a bimanual handgrip contraction test were used to evaluate the contribution of static physical effort exerted by the parturient on the rise in adrenergic stimulation observed during ongoing labor. Noradrenaline baseline values were 306.71 +/- (SE) 21.5 pg/ml); and after a maximal effort handgrip contraction test rose to 345.07 +/- 29.11 pg/ml (p = 0.11). This increase was less pronounced than found generally in nonpregnant subjects under similar test conditions and suggests a protection of the maternal organism from excessive adrenergic output during labor.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of women in childbirth: implications for family beginnings.

This paper presents an ethnographic analysis of a woman's interaction with staff members during the early stage of labor, focusing on the factors that shape the childbirth experience. The observational data were gathered in several hospitals as part of a study of the medical context of childbearing. The paper presents a model of naturalistic inquiry into the transition to parenthood. Nurses and physicians are found to offer arbitrary, uniform, and often inappropriate responses to birthing women that may inhibit well-being.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

Transperineal sonography in second trimester to term pregnancy and early labor.

We studied the diagnostic potential of transperineal sonography in 184 pregnant women from midtrimester to term pregnancies and at early labor. In 65 patients in false labor, we established cervical effacement and dilatation. We confirmed the clinical diagnosis of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) in 27 cases and assessed the placental relationship with the internal cervical os in 20 patients. In 61 women in early labor we measured cervical dilatation, and in 11 patients we looked for details of fetal anatomy. Adequate diagnostic information was obtained in 180 cases (97%). Our results and data from the literature suggest that transperineal sonography is the imaging technique of choice in the situations we studied.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1976

Predictive value of cervical dilatation rates in labor in multiparous women.

A modified version of Philpott's partogram, previously used by us to analyze patterns of labor in primiparous and grand multiparous women in Israel, was applied to multiparous women. The results for labor in multiparous women closely resemble those found for primiparous and grand multiparous labors. The rate of cervical dilatation, as measured early in the active phase of labor [initial rate (IR)], is an accurate indicator of the outcome of labor. Ninety-eight percent of all multiparas with an IR of cervical dilatation of 0.75 cm/h or greater delivered spontaneously. Sixty-two percent of women with an IR of less than 0.75 cm/h required an assisted delivery or cesarean section. Mean IR of cervical dilatation for spontaneous deliveries, assisted deliveries, and cesarean sections were, respectively, 1.53, 0.67, and 0.46 cm/h. No significant differences were observed among different population groups. Cervical dilatation rates among all parities appeared similar. The only major difference was in dilatation rates for assisted delivery in primiparas, which were faster than in labors in multiparous or grand multiparous women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Patterns of labor in native and immigrant population in Israel.

The application of cervical dilatation rates as a predictive index of the outcome of labor was tested among various subgroups of the Israel population. Cervical dilatation rates, gestational ages, birth weights, initial fetal head station, cervical dilatation at head engagement, and incidence of delivery problems were similar among Jewish patients, both native born and foreign; and among Arab patients. Generally, primiparas entered labor with lower fetal head station and reached head engagement with less cervical dilatation than did multiparous or grand multiparous patients. The results suggest that the rate of cervical dilatation, as measured early in the active phase of labor, can be used with equal confidence among all our population groups to forecast type of delivery. Early in the active phase of labor, women in whom the probability of a spontaneous delivery is approximately 95% can be separated from those cases in which intervention will be necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide levels do not change during labor and are not influenced by delivery route.

OBJECTIVE: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) circulates in maternal circulation throughout pregnancy, and specific receptors for CGRP (CGRPrs) are expressed by human myometrium. Because CGRP induces a dose-dependent relaxation of human myometrium, we examined a role for CGRP in modulation of myometrial smooth muscle contractility during pregnancy and labor. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes of maternal serum CGRP levels during parturition, according to the mode of delivery and in relation to cervical dilatation. METHODS: Circulating CGRP levels were measured in the following groups of healthy women: nonpregnant women, during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (n = 19); at term pregnancy (39-40 weeks; n = 24); after elective cesarean delivery (39-40 weeks; n = 20); and at spontaneous vaginal delivery (39-40 weeks; n = 16). In a subgroup of women, blood samples were collected longitudinally throughout labor at various cervical dilatations in the progress of labor (n = 8). RESULTS: Pregnant women at term not in labor had significantly higher CGRP levels than nonpregnant women (P =.021). No significant difference was found between women who delivered vaginally and those who had elective cesarean, and there were no correlations between CGRP plasma levels and cervical dilatation. CONCLUSIONS: Parturition is characterized by no significant changes in maternal serum CGRP levels, and no significant correlation exists between plasma CGRP levels and cervical dilatation during labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Fetal tachycardia and maternal pyrexia during labour.

Fifty-two cases of fetal tachycardia during labour were investigated. Nine of these cases (17%) were possibly attributable to maternal pyrexia. In most, fetal tachycardia preceded the rise in maternal body temperature. Fetal tachycardia can be an early indication of intra-uterine infection.

Adult↗