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Results for “Multivariate response regression”

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PubMed2006

Gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease in recipients of autologous hematopoietic stem cells: incidence, risk factors, and outcome.

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is seen in skin, intestinal mucosa, and liver after autologous stem cell transplantation. We reviewed 681 consecutive patients to estimate the probability of gastrointestinal (GI) GVHD, response to treatment, risk factors for development, and effect on survival. GI GVHD was defined by persistent symptoms, mucosal abnormalities at endoscopy, and histology showing apoptotic crypt cells with or without lymphoid infiltrates. The proportion of patients with GI GVHD was 90/681 (13%). Nausea and vomiting occurred in 90% and diarrhea in 40%. The mean time to developing symptoms was day +15, that to histologically proven diagnosis was day +42, and that to starting prednisone treatment was day +45 after stem cell infusion. Treatment with a short course of prednisone effected durable responses in 79% of patients, and an additional 18% responded to a second course of prednisone. A multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated that the combined factor of a diagnosis of breast cancer or hematologic malignancy and female sex was statistically significantly associated with the probability of GI GVHD (P = .003). Survival in patients with GI GVHD was not statistically different than that in those without GVHD. We conclude that women with breast cancer or hematologic malignancy are more likely to develop GI GVHD after autologous transplantation, and that treatment with prednisone was effective.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Increased ambulatory pulse pressure is a strong risk factor for coronary endothelial vasomotor dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to determine the relationship between pulse pressure (PP) and coronary vasomotor dysfunction, a predictor of coronary events. BACKGROUND: Pulse pressure is a strong risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the mechanisms by which an increase in PP affects the pathogenesis of CAD are unclear. METHODS: Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring for 24 h was performed in 103 consecutive patients with normal coronary angiograms (51 hypertensive and 52 normotensive; age 42 to 70 years). The relationship between changes in coronary arterial diameter and blood flow during an intracoronary infusion of acetylcholine (ACh) (5, 10, 50 microg/min), and BP parameters, and other traditional risk factors was evaluated using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. RESULTS: With multivariate analyses, the 24-h PP showed an inverse correlation with the epicardial coronary dilator response to ACh independently of other covariates including age, smoking, and 24-h systolic BP in normotensive as well as hypertensive patients. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that the 24-h PP was inversely and independently correlated with the increase in coronary blood flow in response to ACh. The dilator response of epicardial coronary arteries to nitrate was not significantly correlated with 24-h PP. CONCLUSIONS: Increased 24-h PP is independently associated with endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in conduit and resistance coronary arteries irrespective of the presence of hypertension. Increased ambulatory PP may have an intimate relation to coronary endothelial vasomotor dysfunction.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed2001

Chemometric modeling of neurotransmitter amino acid separation in normal and reversed migration micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

A chemometric experimental design has been applied for the optimization of neurotransmitter amino acid separation in capillary electrophoresis. The optimizations were carried out for normal micellar electrokinetic chromatography (N-MEKC) and reversed migration micellar electrokinetic chromatography (RM-MEKC). In order to optimize three separation factors and study the interaction between factors, a response function was optimized via searching its optimum (minimum/maximum). For this purpose a central composite design with multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis was utilized. Modeling with good regression coefficients from the MLR adequately described the interaction of factors such as background electrolyte and sodium dodecylsulfate concentrations which had a large impact on selectivity and migration behaviors. Similar optimal conditions regarding resolution and number of theoretical plates but different retention behaviors as a function of background electrolyte and micellar concentrations were observed for N-MEKC and RM-MEKC. Improved overall performance from the RM-MEKC separation of five neurotransmitter acids, superior to N-MEKC, is demonstrated in terms of repeatability, peak symmetry, sensitivity, and in particular, impurity determination in an overloaded separation system.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed2003

Determinants of late prenatal care initiation by African American women in Washington, DC.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of late prenatal care (PNC) initiation among minority women in Washington, DC. METHODS: DC-resident, African American women (n = 303) were recruited at 14 PNC facilities, representing the various types of PNC facilities located in DC: 4 hospital-based clinics, 5 community-based clinics, and 5 private practices. The women were interviewed at their first prenatal care visits to determine their perceptions of 63 barriers, motivators and facilitators influencing PNC initiation; substance use; and sociodemographic background. PNC initiation was classified as early (prior to the 20th week of gestation) or late (after the 20th week of gestation). The responses of women who initiated PNC early versus late were compared using bivariate and multivariate statistical procedures. Classification and Regression Trees analysis was used to identify groups at risk of late initiation. RESULTS: Variables contributing to late PNC initiation included maternal age not between 20 and 29 years, unemployment, no history of previous abortions, consideration of abortion, lack of money to pay for PNC, and no motivation to learn how to protect ones health. Three risk groups for late PNC initiation included 1) women consideringabortion and not employed outside their homes; 2) women not considering abortion who had no previous abortion experience; and 3) teenagers not considering abortion and with no previous abortions. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that psychosocial barriers are more important than structural barriers. Of the psychosocial barriers, the major determinants of late PNC initiation were consideration of abortion and previous abortion experience.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMed2004

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in leptomeningeal metastasis: diagnostic and prognostic value.

This study examined the diagnostic and prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 39 patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM). Vascular endothelial growth factor levels at diagnosis were significantly higher in patients with LM (median 359 pg ml(-1)) than in patients with other neurological diseases (median <25 pg ml(-1)). The specificity of VEGF levels above 250 pg ml(-1) for LM was high (98.3%), while the sensitivity was low (51.4%; 73% for VEGF values above 100 pg ml(-1)). In 49% of the LM patients, particularly with lymphoma or medulloblastoma, VEGF levels were below 250 pg ml(-1) and thus in the range of VEGF levels in other neurological diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels correlated significantly with CSF lactate and albumin. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels mirrored the clinical course with a marked reduction in response to therapy and an increase at relapse in some patients who had serial CSF samples available. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed VEGF below 100 pg ml(-1) (relative risk (RR)=4.24, P=0.0002) and age below 60 years (RR=2.5, P=0.004) to be associated with longer survival in LM. In conclusion, CSF VEGF levels in LM vary considerably. High VEGF levels have a very high specificity for LM and may help to establish the diagnosis. The role of VEGF as a predictor of outcome should be substantiated in prospective studies.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed2000

The role of competence factors in reducing the future risk of drug use among young Swedish men.

AIMS: To investigate the importance of individual competences and risk factors at the age of 18 for future risk of substance misuse. Both behavioural and home-background risk factors were studied. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: The study group consisted of 7577 18-year-old Swedish conscripts followed for substance misuse up to the age of 36. Information on competence and risk factors was obtained from a survey at conscription. Records of drug use were obtained from official registers; 158 (2%) people were identified as serious adult substance misusers. FINDINGS: Good emotional control and cognitive and social capacity were significantly associated with reduced risk of adult drug use whereas early contact with the police or juvenile authorities and alcohol misuse were the most powerful predictors for increased risk of adult drug misuse in multivariate analyses. The proportion of registered adult drug misuse in conscripts with multiple behavioural risk factors was 13.3% in those with drug experiences in late adolescence, compared with 2.6% in those with no earlier drug-experiences. Subjects with multiple behavioural and home-background risk factors but more than one competence were less likely to develop future substance misuse than those with only one or no competence factor. When analysed in relation to behavioural risks, competence factors are most effective in reducing drug use among subjects belonging to the high-risk category, whereas when analysed in relation to home-background risks personal competences are effective in low, medium and high-risk groups. CONCLUSION: Competences can protect against the development of serious problematic drug use and thus must be considered in preventive efforts.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2006

Diagnostic value of vestibulo-ocular reflex parameters in the detection and characterization of labyrinthine lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the power of various parameters of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in detecting unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction and in characterizing certain inner ear pathologies. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study of consecutive ambulatory patients presenting with acute onset of peripheral vertigo and spontaneous nystagmus. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Seventy-four patients (40 females, 34 males) and 22 normal subjects (11 females, 11 males) were included in the study. Patients were classified in three main diagnoses: vestibular neuritis: 40; viral labyrinthitis: 22; Meniere's disease: 12. METHODS: The VOR function was evaluated by standard caloric and impulse rotary tests (velocity step). A mathematical model of vestibular function was used to characterize the VOR response to rotational stimulation. The diagnostic value of the different VOR parameters was assessed by uni- and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: In univariable analysis, caloric asymmetry emerged as the most powerful VOR parameter in identifying unilateral vestibular deficit, with a boundary limit set at 20%. In multivariable analysis, the combination of caloric asymmetry and rotational time constant asymmetry significantly improved the discriminatory power over caloric alone (p<0.0001) and produced a detection score with a correct classification of 92.4%. In discriminating labyrinthine diseases, different combinations of the VOR parameters were obtained for each diagnosis (p<0.003) supporting that the VOR characteristics differ between the three inner ear disorders. However, the clinical usefulness of these characteristics in separating the pathologies was limited. CONCLUSION: We propose a powerful logistic model combining the indices of caloric and time constant asymmetries to detect a peripheral vestibular loss, with an accuracy of 92.4%. Based on vestibular data only, the discrimination between the different inner ear diseases is statistically possible, which supports different pathophysiologic changes in labyrinthine pathologies.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil improved natural killer lymphocyte reconstitution one year after kidney transplant by reference to cyclosporine/azathioprine.

BACKGROUND: Recently introduced immunosuppressive drugs are more potent to control graft rejection, but current concerns are raised regarding their potential to increase long-term neoplastic and infectious complications. Considering the role of B, T, or natural killer (NK) lymphocyte in controlling alloreactive, anti-infectious, and antitumoral immune responses, we compared the impact of two immunosuppressive regimens on lymphocyte subsets one year following kidney transplant. METHODS: Multivariate regression analysis of variables affecting lymphocyte subset counts was retrospectively performed on 91 kidney-transplanted patients, analyzed before graft, at day 15 and 1-year postgraft. These patients were included in a randomized prospective open trial comparing tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil (FK/MMF) versus cyclosporine/azathioprine (CSA/Aza), both used in association with rabbit antithymocyte globulines (rATG) induction and prednisone. RESULTS: Fifteen days postgraft, severe T and NK lymphocyte depletion were observed in all patients, while B cell counts were selectively higher in the FK/MMF group as compared to before graft. One-year posttransplant, NK cell counts and NK cell cytotoxicity was significantly higher in patients receiving FK/MMF therapy, as compared to CSA/Aza. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during the first year posttransplant was also associated to higher NK, CD8, and CD4CD8 T cell counts at month 12. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to its higher potential in preventing graft rejection, we show that after one year of transplant, FK/MMF better preserves NK innate immune effector cells and their cytotoxic potential. These data prompt to further evaluate the role of NK cells in relation to antiviral and tumoral surveillance of transplanted patients, which are common complications of long-term immunosuppression.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Urinary incontinence in rural older women: prevalence, incidence and remission.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence, incidence, and remission rates of urinary incontinence in a large group of older women over a 6-year time span and to assess factors associated with incontinence incidence and remission. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Two rural counties in Iowa. PARTICIPANTS: 2025 women aged 65 years or older residing in rural Iowa, enrolled in the Iowa 65+ Rural Health Study of EPESE (Establishment of Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly) were interviewed in person annually for 6 years; specific responses to queries about urinary incontinence were given at baseline, 3-, and 6-year intervals. MEASUREMENTS: Conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to assess the relationship between incontinence symptoms and various factors previously found to be related to incontinence. RESULTS: The baseline prevalence of urge incontinence was 36.3%, and of stress incontinence it was 40.3%. For urge incontinence, the 3-year incidence and remission rates between the third and sixth years were 28.5% and 22.1%, respectively. For stress incontinence, the 3-year incidence and remission rates between years 3 and 6 were 28.6% and 25.1%, respectively. Seventy-six percent and 84% of women who reported no urge or stress incontinence, respectively, at the baseline interview were continent at both follow-up interviews. The only significant factors related to changes in incontinence status were age, which was associated with an increased incidence of urge incontinence (OR 1.11, P = .017, 95% CI 1.019-1.203), and improvement in activities of daily living, which was associated with a increased remission of urge incontinence (OR 0.50, P = .015, 95% CI 0.28-0.9) CONCLUSION: In some older women, urinary incontinence is a dynamic state, with women moving back and forth along a continuum between continence and incontinence. These results are tempered by limitations of the study, which include its questionnaire design and lack of ability to detect potential treatment effect.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Prognostic variables in canine multicentric lymphosarcoma.

This paper presents the results of a prospective study to investigate the prognostic value of clinical staging, histological grading, immunophenotype, mitotic count and average numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region counts in dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol comprising vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone. Forty-nine dogs were treated according to the study protocol. Univariate and multivariate analysis with regression modelling was used to evaluate the prognostic importance of patient and tumour variables upon tumour response and relapse-free survival. Thirty-seven dogs (76 per cent) achieved a complete remission, seven (14 per cent) a partial remission and five (10 per cent) failed to respond to treatment. None of the variables examined had a statistically significant effect upon tumour response. Tumour immunophenotype was the only parameter found to have a significant influence on patient survival, the hazard ratio for T-cell versus B-cell immunophenotype was 3.99 with 95 per cent confidence interval from 1.399 to 11.372, P = 0.035.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Selecting optimal experiments for multiple output multilayer perceptrons.

Where should a researcher conduct experiments to provide training data for a multilayer perceptron? This question is investigated, and a statistical method for selecting optimal experimental design points for multiple output multilayer perceptrons is introduced. Multiple class discrimination problems are examined using a framework in which the multilayer perceptron is viewed as a multivariate nonlinear regression model. Following a Bayesian formulation for the case where the variance-covariance matrix of the responses is unknown, a selection criterion is developed. This criterion is based on the volume of the joint confidence ellipsoid for the weights in a multilayer perceptron. An example is used to demonstrate the superiority of optimally selected design points over randomly chosen points, as well as points chosen in a grid pattern. Simplification of the basic criterion is offered through the use of Hadamard matrices to produce uncorrelated outputs.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

Chiropractic services in the Canadian Armed Forces: a pilot project.

This article reports on satisfaction associated with the introduction of chiropractic services within a military hospital, through a Canadian Armed Forces Pilot Project. We distributed a 27-item survey that inquired about demographic information and satisfaction with chiropractic services to 102 military personnel presenting for on-site chiropractic services at the Archie McCallum Hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia. We provided a second 3-item survey, designed to explore referral patterns and satisfaction with chiropractic services, to all referring military physicians. A multivariable linear regression model was constructed to explore which factors were associated with patients' satisfaction with chiropractic services. The response rate to the patient and physician satisfaction surveys was 67.6% (69 of 102) and 83.3% (10 of 12), respectively. Chronic low back pain accounted for most presentations to the hospital chiropractic clinic. The majority of military personnel (94.2%) and referring physicians (80.0%) expressed satisfaction with chiropractic services. Our adjusted analysis found that older age (beta = -0.37; 95% confidence interval = -0.73 to -0.02) and a presenting complaint of knee pain (beta = -15.56; 95% confidence interval = -29.61 to -1.51) was associated with decreased satisfaction with chiropractic care. Although our finding of high satisfaction with chiropractic services is encouraging, formal studies on functional outcomes and cost effectiveness of chiropractic care are required to better inform the role of chiropractic services in the Canadian Armed Forces.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

The role of respiratory care practitioners in a changing healthcare system: emerging areas of clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate shifts in respiratory care practice in the context of changing healthcare system and market dynamics. STUDY DESIGN: Telephone survey, structured interview, and case studies. METHODS: We conducted a telephone survey of 471 respiratory care practitioners (RCPs), drawn from the membership database of the American Association for Respiratory Care. We also interviewed 10 employers of RCPs and conducted 2 in-depth case studies to supplement our survey results. We used several statistical techniques to analyze our data, including calculation of population-weighted descriptive statistics and multivariate regression models. RESULTS: Changes in the healthcare system have prompted RCPs to broaden their practice settings, skills, and responsibilities. Respiratory care practitioners are taking part in managed care-related activities, such as cost control and disease management. We found that the need for certain skills and responsibilities varies by practice setting. In our interviews, employers considered RCPs cost effective providers for certain services. CONCLUSIONS: The practice of respiratory care is evolving to meet the changing needs of the healthcare system. A key challenge is to ensure appropriate growth and development of the respiratory care profession, as well as the delivery of appropriate services under new care management settings and processes.

Allied Health Personnel↗

PubMed2004

[Usefulness of brain natriuretic peptide to evaluate patients with heart failure treated with cardiac resynchronization].

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to document the evolution of the blood levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with heart failure and their correlation with the clinical course after implantation of a biventricular pacemaker. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Twenty-eight patients with heart failure associated to left bundle branch block and left ventricular systolic dysfunction were included in the study. In each patient we performed laboratory tests, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, and measured blood levels of BNP. RESULTS: During follow-up (10 [6] months) functional capacity improved, decreasing from 3.3 (0.6) to 2.10 (0.4) (P=.03). The rate of hospitalizations for heart failure decreased from an average of 1.8 (0.7) (6 months before the procedure) to 0.8 (0.3) (6 months after the procedure; P=.04). The basal value of BNP decreased from 193 (98) pg/mL to 52 (14) at the end of the follow-up in the responder group (22 patients) and increased from 564 (380) to 650 (80) pg/mL in the nonresponder group (6 patients). Patients who responded showed significant clinical improvement and decreasing levels of BNP, which reached a plateau an average of 6 months after implantation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified lower levels of BNP, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, and functional class as independent predictors of response to therapy. Age, QRS width and left ventricular ejection fraction were not predictors of response. CONCLUSIONS: Brain natriuretic peptide concentrations allowed us to monitor, in an objective manner, the clinical course of patients with biventricular resynchronization therapy.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor regression dynamics with external radiotherapy in cancer cervix and its implications.

BACKGROUND: To study the external radiotherapy (EXTRT) regression patterns in cancer of the cervix. AIMS: Evaluate EXTRT tumor regression doses (TRD) for 50% (TRD50), 80% response (TRD80), normalized dose response gradient (g50) and slope (slope50) with clinical outcome. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Patients, treated solely with radiotherapy and enrolled for other prospective studies having weekly tumor regressions recorded were considered. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-seven patients received 50Gy of EXTRT at 2 Gy/fraction followed by 18Gy of high-dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy at 6 Gy/fraction. Loco-regional regressions were assessed clinically at weekly intervals during EXTRT to generate EXTRT dose-response curves. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Student's t test, logistic regression, Kaplan Meier and Cox's proportional hazard model. Scatter plots were fitted using cubic fit. RESULTS: Age (P=0.052) and absence or presence of gross residual tumor (AGRT and PGRT respectively) following EXTRT (P<0.001) were the only determinants for complete response (CR) at 1 month following completion of radiotherapy. EXTRT tumor regression sigmoid curves obtained for various patient characteristics differed only for those with AGRT and PGRT with differences in TRD50, (P<0.001); TRD80 (P<0.001) and slope50 (P=0.001). Response status to EXTRT was a prognosticator for loco-regional disease free survival (LDFS) (AGRT vs. PGRT; P=0.046). On multivariate analysis, both TRD50 and TRD80 emerged as significant predictors for tumor status at end of EXTRT while TRD80 was the sole determinant of LDFS. CONCLUSION: Extent of tumor regression to EXTRT is an important predictor for treatment outcome in cancer cervix as evident from TRD50 and TRD80 values of EXTRT tumor regression curves.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Age, cardiovascular risk factors and coronary heart disease as determinants of platelet function in men. A multivariate approach.

Older age, the cardiovascular risk factors and arteriosclerosis have been reported to be associated with stimulated platelet function. To evaluate the relative importance of these factors in determining platelet function, a cross-sectional multivariate study in 191 men, 113 healthy subjects and 78 patients with angiographically documented coronary heart disease, was performed. In healthy subjects, stepwise multiple linear regression identified age to be a major determinant of platelet aggregability. After induction with both ADP and collagen the platelet aggregatory response markedly increased with age. In the patients, platelet function was not age dependent. In multivariate analysis of variance, neither smoking status nor hypercholesterolemia (greater than or equal to 240 mg/dl) were determinants of platelet function in either group. An increase in systolic blood pressure was associated with slightly more inhibited ADP induced aggregation in both healthy subjects and patients with coronary heart disease. In patients compared to healthy subjects, aggregation after induction with ADP and collagen was markedly enhanced and the in vitro formation of thromboxane after collagen stimulation increased. Thus, by multivariate analysis, age and the presence or absence of coronary heart disease were found to be major determinants of platelet function. In contrast, the cardiovascular risk factors smoking, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension were associated with only minor or no alterations of platelet function.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

A multivariate analysis of risk factors for anterior atlantoaxial subluxation and an evaluation of the effect of glucocorticoid treatment on the upper rheumatoid cervical spine.

A cross-sectional, retrospective computerized analysis of risk factors for anterior atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) was performed. Logistic regression performed on the clinical variables involved in 145 cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disclosed a high joint score index and a low blood haemoglobin level as significant independent risk factors. This means that the development of anterior AAS is connected with widespread RA. Linear multiple regression analysis showed an association between the extent of anterior AAS in millimetres and the spread of erosions of the dens of axis and negative correlation with the severity of vertical atlantoaxial dislocation (VD). This suggests that whereas the presence of anterior AAS is connected with the severity of the systemic disease, its actual extent is associated with signs of local involvement, other than severe VD. The duration or cumulative dosage of glucocorticoids were not associated with the development or extent of anterior AAS, nor with the severity of vertical dislocation. This suggests that low dose glucocorticoid treatment is not involved with the development of rheumatoid changes in the upper cervical spine. It should be borne in mind, of course, that although no correlation was found, a causal relation cannot be excluded.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed2006

Maternal-infant bedsharing: risk factors for bedsharing in a population-based survey of new mothers and implications for SIDS risk reduction.

OBJECTIVES: Maternal-infant bedsharing is a common but controversial practice. Little has been published about who bedshares in the United States. This information would be useful to inform public policy, to guide clinical practice and to help focus research. The objective was to explore the prevalence and determinants of bedsharing in Oregon. METHODS: Oregon Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) surveys a population-based random sample of women after a live birth. Women were asked if they shared a bed with their infant "always," "almost always," "sometimes" or "never." RESULTS: 1867 women completed the survey in 1998-99 (73.5% weighted response rate). Of the respondents, 20.5% reported bedsharing always, 14.7% almost always, 41.4% sometimes, and 23.4% never. In multivariable logistic regression, Hispanics (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] 1.69, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.17-2.43), blacks (ORa 3.11, 95% CI 2.03-4.76) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (ORa 2.14, 95% CI 1.51-3.03), women who breastfed more than 4 weeks (ORa 2.65, 95% CI 1.72-4.08), had annual family incomes less than $30,000 (ORa 2.44, 95% CI 1.44-4.15), or were single (ORa 1.55, 95% CI 1.03-2.35) were more likely to bedshare frequently (always or almost always). Among Hispanic and black women, bedsharing did not vary significantly by income level. Bedsharing black, American Indian/Alaska Native and white infants were much more likely to be exposed to smoking mothers than Hispanic or Asian/Pacific Islander infants (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Bedsharing is common in Oregon. The women most likely to bedshare are non-white, single, breastfeeding and low-income. Non-economic factors are also important, particularly among blacks and Hispanics. Campaigns to decrease bedsharing by providing cribs may have limited effectiveness if mothers are bedsharing because of cultural norms.

Adolescent↗