PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “PEMPHIGUS ERYTHEMATOSUS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Response to apheresis: problems of assessment in immune disease.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was one of the first diseases to be treated by plasmapheresis, because of the abundance of serological disturbances, and the strong evidence that tissue damage is related to the deposition of immune complexes. Early results in small, uncontrolled studies were promising, but no large-scale controlled trials have yet been reported. The conditions for which well-controlled trials are now available are either diseases affecting a single organ-system, in which clinical abnormalities are readily measurable, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, or conditions in which serological abnormalities correlate closely with clinical disturbances, such as myasthenia gravis. Definitive answers are also available in rheumatoid arthritis, where many years of clinical experience have led to the development of well-validated indices of clinical activity. Many studies of SLE suggest that serological abnormalities, though important, are often not quantitatively linked to the clinical manifestations of the disease. Attempts to develop indices of clinical activity for SLE are handicapped by the range of different organ systems which may be involved. Progress in the development of clinical trials of plasmapheresis in SLE is most likely to result from multicenter cooperative groups, which will have the capacity to study large enough numbers of patients for adequate stratification, and from the development and validation of indices of clinical activity, which will make possible the quantitation of clinical response, and the measurement of the rate of accumulation of permanent organ damage.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2003

Mycophenolate in dermatology.

Originally used to treat psoriasis nearly three decades ago, mycophenolic acid, reformulated as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), has been rediscovered by the world of dermatology. As a relatively well-tolerated immunosuppressive used in organ transplant recipients, MMF has recently been reported to show promise for several dermatologic conditions, including psoriasis, pemphigus vulgaris, pyoderma gangrenosum, bullous lichen planus, and even connective tissue diseases such as lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. Although not intended to be exhaustive, this review discusses MMF with regard to its basic pharmacology, its side effects, and its reported efficacy in a variety of dermatologic indications. Relevant literature was retrieved by a Medline search combining the terms "mycophenolate" or "mycophenolic acid" and "skin" or "skin disease" or a number of specific conditions ("psoriasis", "dermatitis", "eczema", "pemphigoid", "pemphigus", "vasculitis", "pyoderma gangrenosum", "Crohn's disease", "graft-versus-host disease", "lichen planus"). As MMF has only been recently re-introduced for dermatologic application, the nature of much of the literature is admittedly that of case reports or case series. Nevertheless, the results are sufficiently promising to warrant further larger, control studies.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1991

Photopheresis: a clinically relevant immunobiologic response modifier.

Photopheresis, the process by which peripheral blood is exposed in an extracorporeal flow system to photoactivated 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), is an effective new treatment for certain disorders caused by aberrant T lymphocytes. It has become a standard therapy for advanced cutaneous T cell lymphoma and shows promise in the treatment of four autoimmune disorders (pemphigus vulgaris, the progressive systemic sclerosis form of scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) and in reversal of immunologic rejection of transplanted organs. Positive immunologic alterations observed in patients with AIDS-related complex merit further investigation, and preliminary trials in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis and autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have recently been initiated. The inability of the treatment to meaningfully alter the course of the B cell malignancy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, suggests that B cell proliferations, at least those involving malignant cells, may be more resistant to this treatment. The mechanism of action of photopheresis is likely to be multifaceted, but at least in experimental systems appears to involve an immunization against the pathogenic T cells, in a highly specific manner. Photoactivated 8-MOP initiates a cascade of cellular events by forming covalent photoadducts with nuclear DNA, with cell surface molecules and possibly with other cytoplasmic components of the ultraviolet exposed leukocytes. For reasons not yet clear, exposure of populations of T cells containing expanding a clone(s) of pathogenic T cells to photoactivated 8-MOP alters these cells so that their reinfusion induces a therapeutically significant immunologic reaction that targets unirradiated T cells of the same pathogenic clone(s). It is suggested that the specificity of the induced immunologic reaction may result, in sequence, from the exquisitely titratable damage that 8-MOP inflicts upon cells of the pathogenic clone(s), the return of these cells to an immunocompetent individual, the removal of the photo-damaged cells from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system and the preferential induction of an immune response against cells of the pathologically expanded clone(s).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Co-existence of pemphigus, anti-skeletal muscle antibody and a retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

Occasional reports have appeared in the literature describing a relationship between pemphigus vulgaris and malignancy (Krain & Bierman, 1974; Tagami et al., 1976). Carcinoma of the ovary, stomach, breast, endometrium and bronchus have all been associated with pemphigus (Krain, 1974). The association between pemphigus and thymoma is well known (Stillmand & Baer, 1972). Pemphigus has also been described in connection with various lymphoproliferative malignancies (Naysmith & Hancock, 1976). The purpose of this paper is to describe a patient who suffered from a rare retroperitoneal tumour in association with pemphigus vulgaris. His serum contained a high titre of anti-skeletal muscle antibody, although he showed no clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis. He also had immunological manifestations suggestive of lupus erythematosus.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1996

Expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules by dermal inflammatory cells, epidermal Langerhans cells and keratinocytes in canine dermatological disease.

The distribution of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II molecules in skin biopsies from 42 dogs with primary skin disease and six control dogs was examined by indirect immunohistochemical methods. Canine epidermal Langerhans cells constitutively expressed MHC Class II and the number of such cells was increased in the epidermis of dogs with discoid lupus erythematosus (n = 10), hypersensitivity dermatitis (n = 10) or deep pyoderma (n = 13) but not in eight cases of pemphigus foliaceus. Expression of MHC Class II by epidermal and follicular keratinocytes was observed in a ninth dog with pemphigus foliaceus. Within dermal inflammatory infiltrates, Class II was expressed by macrophages, dendritic cells and fibroblasts but not by neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells or plasma cells. Only occasional dermal lymphocytes expressed surface MHC Class II, but nodular aggregates of strongly Class II-positive lymphocytes were observed within the dermis of two dogs with discoid lupus erythematosus.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Extracorporeal photopheresis].

Extracorporeal photopheresis is a new therapeutic approach developed by Edelson et al.; it is conceptually designed for the management of diseases mediated by malignant lymphocyte pathology, such as cutaneous T-cell-lymphoma (CTCL), and other disorders mediated by aberrant lymphocyte function, e.g. autoimmune diseases. The treatment is described in this paper, and theories on the mechanisms of action are discussed. In addition, the indications for treatment with extracorporeal photopheresis are discussed.

Animals↗