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Results for “Pilot Projects”

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PubMed1982

Long-term follow-up of a pilot project on smoking prevention with adolescents.

Seventh graders (N = 353) in one junior high school received an experimental smoking prevention program aimed at teaching students to resist the social pressures to smoke cigarettes. Seventh graders (N = 217) in another school served as controls. Teams of high-school students trained in basic behavior change skills led seven classroom sessions of instruction in counter-arguing during the school year. Significant differences were found between groups in reported smoking at a 9-month posttest. Results were maintained at 21- and 33-month follow-ups.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Caring for day care: a pilot project.

Day care in Israel is not always of high quality, and the current forecast for upgrading the standards of the existing centers is bleak, due to economic and social factors that do not place high priority on quality infant care in group settings. The agency attempted, therefore, to develop a low-cost, efficient method of early intervention, wherein skilled social workers were hired, given special training, and worked alongside the caregivers of day care centers to help children and parents defined as at risk. This article describes the observations that were made and the interventions that were chosen.

Child Day Care Centers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of modified leprosy elimination campaign in a MDT pilot project district of India.

A study was carried out based upon the data available from National Leprosy Eradication Program of Purulia district in West Bengal. The result showed that the disease was in a declining trend up to the year 1998 and was inclining during the year 1998-1999 due to more case detection through MLEC-I, then followed by declining trend during the year 2000 as it was observed by MLEC-II. Single skin lesion rate was higher, MB rate was same and reduced deformity rate indicates early detection of cases due to better awareness of the community about the disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Linguistic evaluation of Profet II: a pilot project.

Profet, a word prediction program, was designed to accelerate the writing process and to minimize the writing effort of persons with motor dysfunction. It has also proved to be beneficial in text construction for persons with linguistic impairment such as dyslexia. With increasing linguistic demands on support for individuals with severe reading and writing difficulties/dyslexia, the need for an improved version of Profet arose. Thus, Profet II was designed. In this study, a procedure for evaluating Profet II has been developed. Results from a single-case evaluation study with a person with dyslexia are presented. The possible implications for support and aspects such as spelling, morphology and subjective judgements of and attitudes towards texts are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Regional integration of health services in Poland--an ambitious pilot project.

A new and very important feature of the health care reform in Poland is a set of initiatives emerging locally and striving for decentralisation of the management structure. The most promising manifestation of this process consists in the ambition to set up regional systems of integrated health services, guaranteeing provision of comprehensive care and run efficiently by competent managers. The direction of reform has been strongly encouraged by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, but still faces many barriers, mainly because of the misuse of the concept of integration by former health politicians. In the seventies and eighties integration was implemented in a very formal way, neglecting both medical professional attitudes and managerial abilities of decision makers. A major mistake was the resignation of inclusion of the rich 'parallel systems' within the services available to the general public. In the new political circumstances regionalised services, or health consortia as they are called, are a deliberate response to the need for decentralisation and efficient use of scarce resources. Three regions which volunteered to start an extensive experiment were selected through a formal competitive process. They include more than six million inhabitants and almost one quarter of the territory of the country. New organisational arrangements, networks of contracts and agreements, channels of financing and quality control programmes will be monitored in pilot areas to make them applicable all over the country.

Comprehensive Health Care↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prosthetic replacement of the cranial cruciate ligament under arthroscopic guidance. A pilot project.

A prosthetic replacement for the cranial cruciate ligament was successfully implanted under arthroscopic guidance in four canine cadavers and seven normal dogs. Several strands of size 2 braided polyester were implanted in the cadavers and one normal dog, and a copolymer coated tow of 10,000 carbon fibers was implanted in six normal dogs. The average time required to surgically implant the carbon fiber prosthetic ligaments was 60 minutes. All of the dogs had slight to no drawer sign postoperatively. Five of the dogs were bearing more weight 3 weeks postoperatively than after transection of the cranial cruciate ligament. The surgical technique for implantation was successful for elimination of the cranial drawer sign, but carbon fibers were broken prematurely and instability reoccurred.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Attitudes among blacks toward donating kidneys for transplantation: a pilot project.

PATIENTS REQUIRING KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS HAVE THREE POSSIBLE SOURCES: (1) a kidney from an individual who dies suddenly (approval for the transplant must be given by the next-of-kin of the deceased); (2) a kidney from a relative; and (3) a kidney from one who "willed" it to be transplanted following his or her death. Each of these circumstances requires decision making. On the basis of this information, a research program designed to determine the nature of attitudes of blacks toward kidney donations was developed. Results disclosed a lack of knowledge about kidney transplantation; disassociation and lack of communication between blacks and the medical community; religious fears; fears of premature death; and racism.

Black or African American↗

PubMed2000

[Evaluation of courses in nursing science in Germany. A pilot project on the current state and on perspectives of future development].

Since 1991 more than 40 courses of nursing science have been established in Germany. They differ mainly in two aspects: a) they have different course contents and b) they belong to different faculties. This study focuses on two questions. (i) How is the integration of scientific knowledge proceeding? (ii) Which positive aspects and problems can be identified? For this purpose we used a questionnaire to ask heads of the faculties from all courses of nursing sciences. 32 questionnaires were returned. We have come to the conclusion that there is a broad scientific basis for courses of nursing science in Germany.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Preceptorships in high-risk perinatal nursing for rural nurses: a pilot project.

A need existed in New Mexico to enhance the skills of nurses in rural areas in the management of high-risk perinatal patients. However, barriers prohibited initiating such a program, including: a) program development and approval; b) legal and insurance issues; c) determining financial responsibility; and d) application and selection process. Resolving these problems came in the form of a collaborative effort among three departments at the University of New Mexico. A preceptor program of clinical and classroom experiences was developed for nurses outside of the Albuquerque metropolitan area. Evaluations of the program at six months revealed that program participants had implemented changes in their nursing practice. Revisions of the program and plans for the future are discussed.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation in a rural community in Ukraine--a pilot project.

The World Health Organization has promoted the concept of community-based rehabilitation as a means of fulfilling the needs of disabled persons in their home environment, and at the same time decreasing the costs of tertiary rehabilitative care. This paper reports on the 10-year experience of a village rehabilitation hospital in rural Ukraine. The hospital was converted to a rehabilitation facility by provision of rehabilitation space, training of local medical and allied health personnel in the principles of rehabilitation, provision of modalities, exercise, hydrotherapy, apiotherapy, and obtaining the necessary physical medical equipment. The cost of this conversion was quite modest and was more than compensated for by the efficient utilization of the facility in the region together with the significant saving in tertiary care costs, including travelling time for patients.

Length of Stay↗

PubMed2005

The Auburn Elective Surgery Pilot Project.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this project was to increase rates of day surgery, reduce elective surgical waiting lists, give patients a guaranteed date of surgery and improve operating theatre utilization. The guiding principle behind the project was to treat the administration of elective surgery as a separate business unit, distinct from emergency surgery. METHODS: Elective surgical referrals for admission from throughout the Western Sydney Health Area Service were pooled. The procedure for surgical admissions was altered in three areas: (i) the use of a new booking and waiting list system administered by a dedicated nurse coordinator who generated the lists for surgery; (ii) restructuring the elective surgical operating sessions; and (iii) planning post-discharge care at the time of operation using model clinical pathways. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: During the project period, the number of the selected surgical procedures performed doubled. Fifty-seven per cent of patients were discharged on the day of surgery. Surgeons took less time to perform procedures. By the end of the trial period, waiting lists for the selected procedures were eliminated. Operating costs as evaluated by the Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation were reduced by 25%. The administrative changes to surgical admissions resulted in improved cost and patient throughput for elective surgical admissions with no adverse patient outcomes.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗

PubMed2003

[Interval reduction of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is not advantageous. A pilot project].

PURPOSE: To find out if carrying out PDT again 6 weeks after initial PDT will improve the results at 3 months. METHODS: A total of 22 eyes were treated according to the dose regimen proposed by the TAP study. RESULTS: After the first PDT, the CNV remained permanently closed in 14% of the eyes. Repeating the treatment 6 weeks later did not lead to permanent closure of more CNVs or a diminished size at 3 months. Short-term re-treatment had no substantial effect on the underlying choriocapillaries. Visual acuity did not profit or suffer from early re-treatment. CONCLUSION: Shortening of the treatment interval has no serious side-effects, but does not seem to improve the results reported in the TAP study.

Choroidal Neovascularization↗

PubMed1974

Integration of family medicine into university teaching hospital in Israel: a pilot project.

In accordance with the recommendation of the Mann Committee established by the Israel Medical Association a centre for family medicine serving 11 villages was established at Beit Shemesh, Israel, in 1970; this was affiliated with the department of internal medicine at Hadassah University Hospital. The centre's doctors have become fully-fledged members of the department, and have full access to its resources and participate actively in its service, teaching, and research activities. They teach family medicine to students at the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School and have the same academic responsibilities and privileges as all other faculty members. This affiliation has raised the standard of the health service provided.

Community Health Services↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mediating medical malpractice lawsuits against hospitals: New York City's Pilot Project.

The New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation participated in a feasibility study to measure the participants' satisfaction with mediation of medical malpractice lawsuits. Twenty-nine cases were referred to the study, twenty-four agreed to mediation, and nineteen were mediated. Satisfaction data indicate that the plaintiffs and their attorneys and the defendant's attorney were satisfied with the process whether or not settlement was reached. The mean length of a mediation was 2.34 hours. Of the cases mediated, thirteen settled, with a median payment of 111,000 dollars. The defendant's and plaintiffs' attorneys estimated spending approximately one-tenth the amount of time preparing their case for mediation that they would have spent preparing for trial.

Attitude↗

PubMed2003

Pharmacy provision of emergency contraception: the Ontario emergency contraception pilot project.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a program to provide emergency contraception (EC) directly in pharmacies that would recruit and train pharmacists and physician partners, and inform women about the availability of EC in pharmacies. METHODS: Pharmacists and physicians working in the Scarborough, Rexdale, and North York regions of Toronto were recruited to receive a training program on EC. The pharmacists in each pharmacy were linked with a designated physician who retrospectively authorized prescriptions provided under the protocol. Client eligibility for EC was determined using a self-administered questionnaire that was reviewed by the pharmacist. A poster and radio campaign advertised the service, and a telephone hotline informed users of their nearest participating pharmacy. Data on the client's age, reasons for requesting EC, time elapsed from intercourse until presentation, and requests for follow-up referral were analyzed using descriptive methodology. User satisfaction was determined through a mail-back questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 146 pharmacists practising in 40 pharmacies were linked with 34 physicians. In the 1 year of the project, 6931 prescriptions for EC were provided. Fifty-four percent of the women accessed EC within 24 hours of intercourse. The majority of women were very satisfied with the service, and 21.1% indicated that had they not obtained EC in this way, they would not have obtained it elsewhere. More information about birth control was desired by 10.2% of the women. CONCLUSION: Direct pharmacist provision of EC is an effective pregnancy-prevention strategy that is well accepted by the women who access it.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

List patient system: straitjacket or a tool for developing general practice? General practitioners' experiences from a pilot project in Norway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate attitudes and experiences among general practitioners (GPs) taking part in an experiment with a list patient system in four municipalities in Norway. DESIGN: A questionnaire distributed to all 160 GPs in the four municipalities after 3 years' trial of the system. SETTING: Primary health care in Norway. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The opinions of physicians on a list patient system after 3 years of trial. RESULTS: Most of the physicians held that the list patient system imposed more obligations than they were used to. However, the majority also held that the system enhanced preconditions for doing a good professional job; 68% wanted the system on a permanent basis, while 14% rejected it. CONCLUSION: Positive aspects outweigh negative aspects in the attitude of GPs to a list patient system.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed2000

Davison County I-3 pilot project for childhood immunizations in children under two years of age.

In 1995, a Davison County Immunization Subcommittee was organized to implement the Infant Immunization Initiative (I-3). The goal of the subcommittee was to improve the immunization rate in the county. Prior to the study, the immunization rate for Davison County was at 40% for children under the two years of age. Davison County had the lowest immunization rate in the state of South Dakota. At the conclusion of the study, 96% of children in Davison County were immunized by their second birthday according to recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Davison County surpassed President Clinton's goal of 90% immunization rate for children under two years of age.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed2002

Providing crisis counselors on-site to victims of domestic violence in the emergency department: a report of a local pilot project.

In order to facilitate appropriate referral and aftercare for victims of domestic violence who present to Sioux Falls hospital emergency departments, Children's Inn (a local domestic violence shelter) and city hospitals collaborated to develop a program to provide crisis counselors to these patients during their ED visits. This program, which has been in place for over two years, has provided services to 63 patients. These services include on-site counseling to the victims, assistance with filling out protection orders and with making police reports, and referral of many of the women to shelter and/or support groups. Having the crisis counselors meet and talk with these patients during the ED visit has facilitated the provision of these services to victims who otherwise may have been unable or hesitant to avail themselves of local resources.

Battered Women↗