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Did the Spanish poet Luis de Góngora die of metastatic malignant melanoma? A retrospective survey on a portrait by Diego Velázquez.
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Horace and medicine.
The Roman poet Horace, who died 2,000 years ago, achieved fame in his own lifetime as a gentle satirist and writer of odes of inimitable lyrical beauty. Posterity honors him for his solid common sense and the aptness and elegance of his language. This article briefly reviews his life and quotes a number of passages from his works that refer to contemporary medicine and hygiene.
An inquiry on Philoctetes's disease.
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Pestilence narratives in classical literature: a study in creative imitation. II. Virgil, Ovid, Seneca, and Silius Italicus.
This article further explores patterns and traditions in classical accounts of pestilence. Recurring themes and expressions show that classical authors often copied earlier narratives, although literary analysis reveals that they sometimes embellished or distorted facts for their own purposes.
The cortical processing of perceived emotion: a DC-potential study on affective speech prosody.
Direct current (DC) components of the EEG signal were recorded in 16 right-handed subjects during presentation of pairs of declarative sentences with either happy, sad or neutral intonation. Each stimulus pair had identical wording, but differed at the acoustic level either in pitch (fundamental frequency = FO) range or in duration of stressed syllables. Subjects were asked, first, to identify the emotional category of each sentence pair and, second, to indicate the utterance displaying stronger emotional expressiveness. Stimuli with happy or sad intonation, as well as FO-manipulated neutral sentences, yielded a significantly lateralized negativity towards the right hemisphere (RH). Compared with FO-varied neutral utterances, the discrimination of time-manipulated neutral stimuli resulted in significantly reduced amplitudes, predominantly over RH areas. These results corroborate the suggestion of a dominant role of the RH for the evaluation of the emotional significance of sensory input.
A landmark document in the growing body of literature about AIDS.
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Using poetry in the classroom.
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Medicine and the arts. Plane life.
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Getting from how to why: a pause for reflection on professional life.
In the course of institutional life, many may lose their sense of purpose. The daily demands of both medicine and teaching--small defeats, time pressures, bureaucratic obstacles, and chronic overload--can erode the sense of purpose and clarity of desire that infuse work with spirit and energy. One antidote for this drained state is time for renewal--not long periods of rest and relaxation, valuable though these may be, but rather a "particular kind of stopping . . . the pause for a poem." The author describes how stopping in the middle of the day to read and reflect on a poem can defamiliarize the familiar, giving the reader a fresh outlook on the ordinary day. She describes how poetry also can awaken a sense of play, a childlike openness and sense of curiosity, and a renewed awareness of feelings. To honor feeling can provide a needed corrective to the conventionalized response that has become thoughtless or bloodless or tired. The kind of play poems engage readers in can also provide a connection to the sacred, restoring the wider vision and deeper purposes without which the practice of medicine might diminish to something less lifegiving for both patient and physician than it ought to be. In her discussion of the restorative power of poetry, the author quotes several poems in full and invites readers to consider the fresh perspectives they offer.
Songs of innocence and experience: student's poems about their medical education.
Personal creative writing is increasingly used in medical schools to foster self-reflection. This article looks particularly at poetry as a vehicle for expressing personal experiences of professional development. The authors present a series of poems written by students at their medical school. In them, the students reflect on embryology, gross anatomy, telling (or not telling) bad news to trusting patients (and family members), encountering death, and encountering their own anger and frustration with the demands of medicine. These poems not only capture individual students' feelings and imaginations but also demonstrate the students' constant struggle to sustain their idealism about medicine throughout the four years of their education.
Being in the present moment: developing the capacity for mindfulness in medicine.
Medical practice is beset by interruptions, contests for the attention of the physician, and urgent demands that diminish the attentiveness required for the humanistic care of patients. This essay discusses skills for "being in the present moment" that can help doctors to overcome distractedness. Because of some striking similarities between the experience of reading poetry and the attentiveness required of medicine, the author uses 19th- and 20th-century American poetry to illustrate the state of mindfulness and "being in the moment," and suggests the helpfulness of poetry in developing these skills in physicians. Applying these skills in everyday practice rewards the physician with renewed energy, a fresh perspective, and increased strength while preventing the stress and harm caused by a distracted or inattentive practice.
Curriculum of literature and medicine for residents.
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Medicine and the arts. The death of the hired man.
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Life on the Mississippi.
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Medicine and the arts. Patchwork Sky and A Close Shave.
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