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Results for “Radioallergosorbent Test”

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PubMed1993

Sensitization from chestnuts and bananas in patients with urticaria and anaphylaxis from contact with latex.

We present eight patients allergic to latex and fruit (chestnut and banana), seven of whom are women, and aged 17 to 42 years (mean 25 years). Four had family and five personal atopic histories. The total IgE varied from 41 to 520 Ku/L (mean 263). The symptoms followed ingestion of fruit (anaphylaxis) in four patients and contact with rubber (contact urticaria and anaphylaxis) in the other four. Skin prick test (SPT) with latex and radioallergosorbent test to latex were positive in all the patients. Histamine release (HR) to latex was carried out on six patients and was positive in three. In the six patients with symptoms after having eaten chestnuts the SPT was positive and specific IgE was detected in five of them. Histamine release to chestnuts was positive in three of the six patients tested and one of them (-SPT and + IgE) tolerated the fruit. Two out of five patients with symptomatic banana allergy had negative SPT with banana while the test was positive in one patient who tolerated this fruit, this being the only case with specific IgE to banana. Histamine release with banana was only positive in one case. The important correlation between SPT, RAST, and HR results to latex and chestnut together with the total inhibition of the chestnut RAST with a serum pool by preincubation with latex suggests cross-reactivity among these allergens.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Detection of specific IgE antibodies to major and minor antigenic determinants in sera of penicillin allergic patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism(s) of penicillins allergic reaction. METHODS: The radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was used to detect 9 specific IgE antibodies, including major antigenic determinants: benzylpenicilloyl (BPO), ampicilloyl (APO), amoxicilloyl (AXO), phenoxomethylpenicilloyl (PVO) and flucloxacilloyl (FLUO), and minor antigenic determinants: benzylpenicillanyl (BPA), amoxicillanyl (AXA), 6-aminopenicillanic (APA) and phenoxomethylpenicillany (PVA), in the sera of 32 penicillin allergic patients. The relationship between specific IgE antibodies and penicillins chemical structures was studied by radioallergosorbent inhibition test. RESULTS: Nineteen of 32 patients (59.4%) were RAST positive, among whom, five cases were positive only to one or two antigenic minor determinants, and three cases were positive only to one or three major antigenic determinants. The remaining 11 patients were positive not only to major antigenic determinants but also minor antigenic determinants. In 9 specific IgE antibodies, the positive rate of PVA-IgE was the highest (34.38%), followed by BPO-IgE (31.25%). The positive rate of FLUO-IgE was the lowest (15.63%). Of the total patient group, 53.13% were positive to one or more minor antigenic determinants, while 37.5% (12/32) were positive to one or more major antigenic determinants. The percentage of patients with urticarial reactions who were positive to minor antigenic determinants (63.16%) was significantly higher than observed in the anaphylactic shock group (38.5%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The minor antigenic determinant was important in allergic reaction. The combining sites of the specific IgE antibodies were likely to be the side-chain of drug or the overwhelming drug molecule.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Immediate type of allergy in statis growers.

Three statis growers complaining of immediate allergic symptoms induced by harvesting statis in a plastic greenhouse were examined to clarify their allergic conditions. Distinct positive reactions in the intradermal test and nasal and eye provocation test to the statis extracts were shown in all three cases. High score of radioallergosorbent test (RAST) IgE and remarkable RAST inhibitory effects to the statis extracts were seen in these cases. The immunologic cross-reactivity between statis and chrysanthemum was absent in the RAST inhibition in the patient labeled case C who had complained of the same allergic symptoms when handling chrysanthemums in the off-season for harvesting statis. Those results indicated that the allergic conditions of the present cases were from an immediate type of allergy mediated by a specific IgE antibody to the statis extract.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ragweed skin test responsiveness correlates with specific immunoglobulin E levels.

Evaluation for allergic rhinitis requires an objective measure of atopy. Serum eosinophils, total and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), and skin testing have been used as this measure. The objective of our study was to examine the relationship between in vitro allergy tests and in vivo responsiveness. We compared eosinophil counts, total IgE, and the specific IgE radioallergosorbent test (RAST) measurements to end point skin test titrations with ragweed. Forty subjects > or = 18 years of age with at least a 2-year history of moderate to severe ragweed-allergic rhinitis and a positive skin-prick test to ragweed participated in this study with 33 subjects having data for all measurements. End point skin tests were performed by intradermal injection of 0.03 mL of threefold dilutions of standardized short ragweed extract into the forearm. Ragweed-specific IgE was significantly correlated to end point wheal and erythema concentrations. The results were similar whether the endpoint wheal (r = -0.714; p < 0.001) or erythema (r = 0.862; p < 0.001) concentration was used, and the correlation between these two values was significant (r = 0.97; p < 0.001). However, 8 of 33 subjects had a negative specific IgE RAST value for ragweed. There was a significant relationship between ragweed-specific IgE and total IgE (r = 0.72; p < 0.01). No significant correlations were found between blood eosinophils and either total IgE, ragweed-specific IgE, and end point wheal or erythema concentrations. Skin test responsiveness to ragweed correlated with in vitro ragweed-specific IgE levels, but these tests are not equivalent indicators of the degree of IgE-mediated sensitivity.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Clinical significance of specific IgE antibody against streptokinase-streptodornase in renal diseases of childhood.

The immediate skin reaction (IR) with streptokinase-streptodornase (SK-SD) was found with a high incidence in children with renal disease and was confirmed to be mediated by a specific IgE antibody against SK-SD by means of the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). This test revealed high radiocounts in children with renal disease who showed the IR and there was a close correlation between the RAST counts and the intensity of the IR. Furthermore, the RAST counts in the severe nephrotic syndrome belonging to corticosteroid dependent and resistant group were far higher than those in the corticosteroid sensitive group. From these results, a determination of the RAST counts against SK-SD seemed to help evaluate the severity of some nephrotic syndromes and the specific IgE antibody may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMed1991

Evaluation of a multiple food specific IgE antibody test compared to parental perception, allergy skin tests and RAST.

This study was set up to evaluate the food panel of a multiple specific IgE antibody assay in 67 atopic asthmatic children by comparing it to the conventional radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and skin-prick tests (SPT) and then comparing the results of these investigations with the parents' perceptions of food related problems. Fifteen food specific IgE antibodies were measured using the multiple chemiluminescence assay (MAST-CLA). IgE antibodies to five of these food allergens were also measured by conventional RAST and SPTs were performed in 43 using 11 standardized food extracts matched to the multiple allergosorbent chemiluminescent assay (MAST-CLA) profile. SPT and MAST-CLA results showed good agreement with one another, range 68.8-96.7% (average 87%), with significant correlation for most allergens tested. MAST-CLA was discrepant with RAST and/or SPTs in 58/210 (27.6%). A questionnaire was sent to the parents to determine their perception of food related symptoms. Sixty-two (92%) questionnaire replies were received, of which 56% reported symptoms with food. The most frequent symptom perceived to be due to food intolerance was behavioural disturbance. The commonest foods implicated were additives (39%), egg (27%), milk (26%), chocolate (23%) and orange (15%). History, SPT, MAST-CLA and RAST were compared for five allergens in 42 patients (210 values). In 14/210 (6.7%), all the tests were negative despite reported symptoms. Conversely in 49/210 (23.3%) at least one test was positive without symptoms. This study did not support a benefit of multipole testing instead of individually selected RASTs or SPTs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

IgE testing in capillary blood.

Serologic IgE testing is generally performed using serum, obtained by venepuncture. We tested whether paper-absorbed and eluted capillary blood, obtained by a less invasive method (finger prick) could be used for allergy testing in young children. This was performed by comparative IgE testing, using paper-absorbed blood/serum and serum. Practical applicability of the procedure was tested by assaying paper-absorbed and eluted blood, obtained from 640 children with complaints of prolonged coughing, for IgE to airborne allergens. We found that IgE testing, using paper-absorbed/eluted material and serum yields virtually identical results (mean ratio for positive samples: 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.58-1.75). Blood spot testing revealed that sensitization to inhalant allergens is not uncommon in preschool children (13% positive radioallergosorbent test [RAST] tests), which means that this procedure is a useful method for assaying allergic sensitization in children.

Blood Specimen Collection↗

PubMed1991

The relationship of IgE, skin-test, eosinophilia, eosinophil cationic protein and tumor necrosis factor production in allergic rhinitis.

One hundred and twelve patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) were selected for this study. Sixty-one percent of the patients had elevated levels of total serum IgE (> 210 IU/ml) whereas 55% of them had eosinophilia. Skin-test reactivities to house dust mite and fungi allergens were positive in 86% of the patients, but this was correlated neither to levels of eosinophils and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides ptronyssinus (Dpt) and D. farinae (Df), nor with the levels of total IgE except in the skin-test highest-reactive group; they had significantly higher IgE level than the normal controls. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was 66% in those patients with high IgE levels and the major allergens were further identified by Quidel Allergen Screen assay as Dpt and Df. Serum ECP level was correlated with high, but not low, blood eosinophil numbers in patients with AR. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells culture by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation was suppressed in patients with AR with eosinophilia when compared with that of the normal controls. The symptom-triggering factors in patients with AR were primarily cold air, temperature change and the common cold. This suggests that factors other than the specific IgE response to house dust mite, skin-test reactivity and eosinophilia may also be important in the development of AR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

IgE and IgG4 antibodies in specific human allergies.

In 90 sera from patients with specific allergies (i. e. to guinea pig dander, cat dander, horse dander, dog dander, human dander or ipecac) and with positive skin tests to the allergenic preparations, the presence of IgE and IgG4 antibodies was determined by radioallergosorbent test (RAST). A correlation between IgE RAST scores and IgG4 RAST scores to the individual allergens was established. In patients allergic to guinea pig dander, a high incidence of negative IgE RAST scores but positive IgG4 RAST scores was found. This was less often the case in the group with cat dander allergy. IgG RAST scores determined in 51 sera proved to have some predictive value with respect to IgG4 or other IgG subclasses involved in the allergic reactions. Because a high incidence of negative IgE RAST scores was found, IgE RAST inhibition does not seem to be the method of choice for the standardization of allergenic preparations in general.

Allergens↗

PubMed1981

Analysis of green coffee bean and castor bean allergens using RAST inhibition.

Coffee workers with occupational allergic symptoms and positive skin tests to green coffee bean and factor dust antigens have elevated serum IgE antibodies (by radioallergosorbent test--RAST) to green coffee and castor bean allergens. These antibodies were used in a RAST inhibition assay to analyse coffee and castor allergens. Bean allergens were extracted by homogenization in PBS, centrifugation and concentration of supernates by ultrafiltration. Green coffee bean allergens, fractionated by gel filtration and Pevikon block electrophoresis, were shown to be very heterogeneous with a molecular weight range of 50 000 to 500 000 daltons. Castor allergens were more homogeneous with a molecular weight of 14 000 daltons and were partially purified by Pevikon block electrophoresis, gel filtration and isoelectrofocusing. Chemical analysis showed that protein was the major component in both allergen extracts. However, proteolytic enzymes could only partially destroy allergenic activity. Such isolation and characterization of these allergens should result in better methods of diagnosis and treatment of coffee workers with occupational allergic disease.

Allergens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of four distinct groups of hen egg allergens binding IgE in the sera of children with egg allergy.

BACKGROUND: There appears to be a lack of agreement in the literature on the allergenicity of hen egg proteins. This may be partly due to the use of impure proteins in some cases. Egg yolk proteins have also been largely ignored in such studies. We therefore set out to determine, using especially purified proteins, their relative allergenicity, and to observe whether there were any relationships between their potency and the sensitivity of patients to them. METHODS AND RESULTS: The sera of 40 patients with clinically observed hen egg hypersensitivity were tested for specific IgE binding to purified egg white and egg yolk proteins using the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Statistical treatment by correspondence analysis of the percent radioactive uptakes in the RAST to the 8 proteins demonstrated that there were four distinct groups of patients reacting in a similar way to four discrete sets of proteins. CONCLUSIONS: The first three sets of allergens consisted of egg white proteins as follows: firstly, lysozyme and ovalbumin; secondly, ovomucoid; and thirdly, ovomucin. The fourth set contained the egg white protein ovotransferrin and the egg yolk proteins apovitellenins I and VI and phosvitin. The existence of patient groups may explain why various workers have reported different allergens to be important in egg hypersensitivity. A sufficiently large number of patients must be examined so as to give a representative distribution across each group, otherwise the results may be biased towards one allergen.

Allergens↗

PubMed1986

Assessment of skin reactivity and specific antibody to egg and milk proteins in patients with atopic dermatitis: comparison with responses to the house dust mite antigen.

Sixty patients with atopic dermatitis attending an allergy clinic were assessed for evidence of skin sensitivity and serum antibodies to egg and milk proteins. Prick skin test responses to egg were found in 23 patients and in 74% of these positive egg radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was demonstrable. Positive prick test for milk were present in 10 patients, but only 30% gave a positive milk RAST. Quantitative intradermal skin testing, RAST, and a double antibody antigen binding radioimmunoassay confirmed the presence of IgE antibody to egg proteins but indicated that the levels were very low when compared to those seen to the house dust mite antigen in sensitive patients. In contrast, IgG antibody to purified egg and milk proteins was present in large amount in most patients, the levels being significantly higher than in non-allergic controls.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

IgE-mediated occupational allergy to a spider mite.

Two patients who suffered from allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis and contact urticaria caused by the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae, Koch) are described. Both patients worked in a greenhouse where they came in contact with both spider mites and predator mites living on bean leaves. Prick, Prausnitz-Küstner and RAST tests indicated type I allergy to spider mite but not to predator mite. Both patients had a high level (RAST score 4) of spider-mite-specific IgE in their sera. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition studies revealed no cross-reactivity between spider mite and house dust mite allergens. These results show that spider mites, which are herbivorous mites found in nature, in greenhouses and even in homes, can cause IgE-mediated allergy in man.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Allergic reactions in healthy plateletpheresis donors caused by sensitization to ethylene oxide gas.

We observed immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions in 6 of 600 donors who underwent automated plateletpheresis procedures. Ethylene oxide gas, which was used to sterilize plastic components in the disposable apheresis kits, represented a possible source of sensitization. In skin-prick testing, 4 of the 6 donors who had had a hypersensitivity reaction and none of 40 controls who had not had such a reaction had positive tests when an ethylene oxide-human serum albumin reagent was used (P less than 0.001). Radioallergosorbent testing revealed that serum from 4 of the 6 donors who had reactions, but from only 1 of 145 controls, contained IgE antibodies to ethylene oxide-albumin (P less than 0.001). All six of the donors who had reactions had specific ethylene oxide-induced basophil histamine release (mean release [+/- SE], 34.2 +/- 5.6 percent), whereas none of four controls had specific histamine release in response to ethylene oxide (mean release, 5.7 +/- 1.2 percent; P less than 0.005). Repeat plateletpheresis in five of the donors who reacted was accompanied by a recurrence of mild allergic symptoms. These studies demonstrate that sensitization to ethylene oxide gas can occur in healthy plateletpheresis donors and that it may result in immediate hypersensitivity reactions during the donation. The prevalence of such reactions was 1.0 percent in our apheresis donor population.

Blood Component Removal↗

PubMed1980

Quillaja bark (soapbark)--induced asthma.

A 24-yr-old man developed sensitization to Quillaja bark (soapbark) dust at his work place. Within 3 mo of being employed in a factory processing Quallaja bark to produce saponin, he experienced asthma symptoms while handling the bark but only nasal symptoms on being exposed to the purified saponin. Bronchial provocation using Quillaja bark dust resulted in immediate bronchoconstriction as well as faintness, diffuse erythema, and hypotension. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) using the pulverized crude Quillaja bark was markedly positive, and cross-reactivity between gum acacia and gum tragacanth was demonstrated using this technique.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Relationships between skin test, specific IgE and levels of cytokines in patients with penicillin allergy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between skin test, specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E and cytokines in penicillin allergy. We collected the sera of 259 patients with historical positive skin test to penicillins, with immediate positive skin test and with a negative skin test results. The positive rate of specific IgE antibodies in 259 patients was 62.2% (161) by using radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Of the eight kinds of antigenic determinants, the positive rates of specific IgE to major and minor determinants were 43.63% (113) and 52.51% (136), respectively (p < 0.05). In 122 patients with immediate positive skin test, when the degrees of skin test were +, 2+, 3+ and 4+, the positive rates of specific IgE were 45.7, 57.1, 85.2 and 100%, respectively. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in the sera of patients with positive skin test were significantly increased with the degree of positive skin test (p < 0.05). The combined use of major and minor determinants in RAST offers the better test for the detection of penicillin-specific IgE antibodies. IL-4, IL-13 and IFN-gamma play important roles in penicillin allergy.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Mesquite pollen--an aeroallergen in asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Skin reactions to mesquite pollen extract occurred in 62% of 100 consecutive patients tested at an adult allergy clinic despite absence of the plant within about a 50-mile radius. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) studies confirmed that the skin tests represented specific IgE antibodies to the mesquite pollen. Nasal, conjunctival, and bronchial challenges indicated that mesquite provoked symptoms in a specific manner. The pollen was trapped at a considerable distance from its source. Mesquite surveys and climatologic data suggested a route and method of transport. Mesquite pollen is a potent allergen capable of evoking immediate hypersensitivity reactions in a susceptible population remote from the plant source.

Air Pollution↗

PubMed1980

Allergy to birch pollen and apple, and cross-reactivity of the allergens studied with the RAST.

Apple-pulp allergens are unstable, but fresh material can be used for skin testing. In this study stable allergens, probably of a protein nature, were extracted from apple seed and used in radioallergosorbent tests (RAST). Apple-seed allergens were shown by RAST inhibition to cross-react with birch pollen allergen(s). Cross-reactivity may explain the frequent co-occurrence of birch pollen and apple allergy. Approximately 50% of patients in a group with immediate hypersensitivity to birch pollen were also sensitive to apple as judged by a history of symptoms, skin tests with apple-pulp and apple-seed preparations, and apple-seed RAST.

Adolescent↗