SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Retinal Detachment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Outpatient treatment of retinal detachment.

Outpatient treatment of retinal detachment is a new concept. The first 20 cases treated in the Department of Ophthalmology at Tygerberg Hospital are discussed. After an inert gas has been injected into the vitreous cavity the patient is allowed to go home, where he must remain in the therapeutic position. When the patient returns the next day the retina will usually be reattached around the breaks, and laser photocoagulation or cryopexy is performed. The success rate is high, and this procedure should be considered in all cases in which it is indicated.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in eyes with uveal melanoma.

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical features, surgical management, and outcome of patients with uveal melanoma who presented with or later developed a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: We retrospectively identified four patients who presented with uveal melanoma and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment simultaneously and six patients in whom a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment developed 11-100 months (mean, 44.8 months) after radiotherapy for a choroidal melanoma. RESULTS: All four patients with simultaneous presentation of uveal melanoma and retinal detachment underwent successful retinal detachment repair (cases 1 and 4, scleral buckle; case 2, pars plana vitrectomy, and case 3, pneumatic retinoplexy). Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment occurring after proton beam or plaque radiotherapy of uveal melanoma was repaired successfully in five of six patients with scleral buckling alone or in combination with pars plana vitrectomy. In the short follow-up period of this study, we did not observe tumor recurrence either before or after retinal detachment repair. CONCLUSION: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with uveal melanoma may be treated successfully using conventional retinal surgical techniques. The benefits of retinal detachment repair must be weighed against any theoretical increased risk of extra-scleral extension of the melanoma. Long-term follow-up evaluation will be required to determine the safety of various retinal detachment repair techniques in these eyes.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Results of scleral buckling operations in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Within the scope of a Retinal Fellowship of one year, we evaluated the anatomic and functional results of scleral buckling operations in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Eighty Consecutive non-selected patients with a primary retinal detachment were operated by one surgeon (Retinal Fellow-ELH). In 55 eyes an encircling band and radial buckle(s) were placed, the other 25 eyes were treated with a segmental buckle or a combination of both. In 62 eyes subretinal fluid was drained, and in 57 eyes air or SF-6 gas was injected. The anatomic success rate after one operation was 81% (65/80 eyes) and the final success rate was 99%. 38/65 (58%) of the eyes obtained a best corrected post-operative visual acuity of > or = 0.4. The most important cause of re-detachment was Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR; 11%). Pre-operative variables that yielded an unfavourable outcome in this study were: PVR, pseudophakic eye, larger breaks, more than one break, longer duration of the detachment, and 3 or more quadrants of detachment. Our anatomic success rate and risk factors are in agreement with findings described in the literature, yet we had a high rate of PVR and many patients with a low visual acuity (58% < or = 0.3) pre-operatively.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Prevalence and risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but no previous vitreoretinal surgery.

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for proliferatative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but no previous vitreoretinal surgery. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Prospective study. SETTING: A private vitreoretinal clinic in Caracas, Venezuela. STUDY POPULATION: 119 eyes of 119 patients who presented with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but no previous vitreoretinal surgery between 1995 and 1998. OBSERVATION PROCEDURES: Data from detailed preoperative and postoperative examinations of each eye were recorded prospectively and entered into an electronic database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of PVR of any type and severe PVR, preoperative risk factors for PVR of any type and severe PVR, effect of PVR and retinal detachment duration on initial and final visual acuity, and surgical complexity. RESULTS: The prevalence of PVR of any type was 52.9% and of severe PVR was 26.9%. The mean retinal detachment duration (+/-SD) was 58.4 (+/-129.1) days, and the mean time from initial examination to surgical treatment (+/-SD) was 24.3 (81.2) days. By univariable analysis, long retinal detachment duration, poor initial visual acuity, and large retinal detachment extent were significantly associated with PVR prevalence and severity. The presence of vitreous hemorrhage was significantly associated with PVR prevalence, and cataract was significantly associated with PVR severity. By multivariable analysis, long retinal detachment duration and large retinal detachment extent were simultaneous risk factors for PVR prevalence, while long retinal detachment, large retinal detachment extent, and poor initial visual acuity were simultaneous risk factors for PVR severity. Eyes with longer retinal detachment duration, PVR of any type, and severe PVR had worse initial and final visual acuities than eyes with shorter retinal detachment duration or those without PVR, respectively. Eyes with PVR had more complex surgery than those without PVR. CONCLUSIONS: PVR occurred very frequently in this population and was associated with more complex surgery and worse visual outcomes than among eyes without PVR. We have identified preventable risk factors associated with PVR that suggest a specific and significant need for better access to ophthalmologic care and patient education in this group of patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Outcome after vitrectomy in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and dense vitreous opacities].

BACKGROUND: In some cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment dense vitreous opacities can delay the diagnosis and prevent a scleral buckling procedure. In these cases a primary vitrectomy is necessary. These results of vitrectomy are of current interest, because intra- and postoperative complications are comparable to the group of patients with retinal detachment and clear media, in which primary vitrectomy is discussed today as an alternative method. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After redetachment and trauma were excluded, we reviewed the charts of 40 patients (40 eyes), who underwent vitrectomy and gas endotamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and dense vitreous opacities. In 31 cases vitreous hemorrhage and in 9 cases other dense non inflammatory vitreous opacities were present. Intraoperatively detected PVR (1), giant tear (1) and retinal holes located at the posterior pole (1) were excluded. The remaining 37 eyes were examined retrospectively. The median follow-up time was 12 months. RESULTS: In 32 of 37 eyes the retina was reattached after the first vitrectomy (86.5%). In 5 eyes a redetachment occurred, in 3 of them caused by PVR. After revitrectomy successful reattachment could be achieved in all cases. As intraoperative complications iatrogenic retinal break formation could be observed in 3 cases and lens-touch in 1 case. Postoperatively secondary tears in attached retina developed in 2 cases, in 1 case an arterial branch occlusion and in 1 case a Macular-Pucker. During the follow-up period a cataract developed in 12 of the 21 phacic patients. CONCLUSIONS: The reattachment rate of primary vitrectomy in eyes with retinal detachment and associated dense vitreous opacities is slightly lower compared to the rate of scleral buckling procedures in cases of retinal detachment with clear media. Comparable good or even better results may be expected for primary vitrectomy in cases of retinal detachment without vitreous opacities. Since the risk of intra- and postoperative complications in our group of patients is small it is promising also for primary vitrectomy in cases with good view on the fundus.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Retinal detachment after intraocular lens implantation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the specificity of retinal detachment after intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: The specialty of this type of retinal detachment through the clinical observation of 44 eyes of 42 cases from 1991 to 1996 was analyzed. RESULTS: The retinal detachment after intraocular lens implantation is more severe than others. It is more difficult to find a hole or holes because posterior capsular opacification and the implanted intraocular lens interfere with the careful search. The retinal detachment may develop into a complicated one. Its cure rate was 80.0% in the immediate postoperative period. CONCLUSION: The retinal injury during intraocular lens implantation should be avoided. As the retinal detachment occurs after the implantation, a more careful search and a earlier scleral buckling or/and vitrectomy should be done.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Intraretinal proliferation induced by retinal detachment.

Cellular proliferation after retinal detachment was studied by 3H-thymidine light microscopic autoradiography in cats that had experimental detachments of 0.5-180 days duration. The animals underwent labeling 2 hr before death with an intraocular injection of 200 microCi of 3H-thymidine. The number of labeled nuclei were counted in 1-micron thick tissue sections in regions of detachment, in regions of the experimental eyes that remained attached, and in control eyes that had no detachments. In the normal eye, in one that had only the lens and vitreous removed, and in the eyes with 0.5- and 1-day detachments, the number of labeled nuclei ranged from 0/mm (0.5-day detachment) to 0.38/mm (lens and vitreous removed only). By 2 days postdetachment, the number of labeled nuclei increased to 2.09/mm. The highest levels of labeling occurred in two animals with detachments of 3 (7.86/mm) and 4 (7.09/mm) days. Thereafter, the numbers declined steadily until near-baseline counts were obtained at 14 days. The number of labeled nuclei was slightly elevated in the attached regions of two animals with 3-day detachments. Labeled cell types included: Müller cells, astrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells of the retinal vasculature, and both resident (microglial cells) and invading macrophages. In an earlier study RPE cells were also shown to proliferate in response to detachment. Thus, these data show that proliferation is a rapid response to detachment, reaching a maximum within 4 days, and that virtually every nonneuronal cell type in the retina can participate in this response. The data suggest that events leading to such clinical manifestations as proliferative vitreoretinopathy and subretinal fibrosis may have their beginnings in this very early proliferative response.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Demand incidence of retinal detachment in Brazil.

AIM: To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of retinal detachment in a defined urban population in the Southeast of Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients consulted at the Department of Ophthalmology, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, with retinal detachment between June 1, 2003 and July 31, 2004. Data were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 10.0). RESULTS: There were a total population of 3 389 294 in the 42 cities of Campinas catchment area. A total of 313 patients fitted the inclusion criteria. The overall demand incidence of retinal detachment was 9.2:100,000. The number of males peaked in the 50-79 age group, whereas that of the females peaked in the 60 to 80+ age group. The ages ranged from 4 months to 84 years (mean 49.3). The female-to-male ratio was 1:2.1. Nontraumatic phakic detachments had the highest demand incidence of 7.1:100,000. The demand incidence of nontraumatic aphakic detachments was very low at 0.09:100,000. Almost one third of all patients seeking treatment presented inoperable cases of retinal detachments. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study of demand incidence of retinal detachment in Latin Americans. The age-specific demand incidence increases with age. Nontraumatic phakic detachments were the most common type of detachment. The incidence of the traumatic types of detachment was higher in males than that in females. Such data are important to plan and implement vitreoretinal services taking into account the population likely to be served.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Opsin distribution and protein incorporation in photoreceptors after experimental retinal detachment.

The distribution of opsin was examined immunocytochemically after experimental retinal detachment in adult cats. Retinal detachments were produced by injecting fluid between the retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina. One to 60 days later the animals were killed. Tissue areas from detached and attached retinal regions from the eye with the detached retina, as well as normal (control) retinas, were processed for post-embedding light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. In normal and attached retinal regions, anti-opsin labeled the outer segments and Golgi apparatus most heavily, although the entire photoreceptor plasma membrane was labeled at a low level. Beginning at 2 days after retinal detachment, immunolabeling increased in the photoreceptor inner segment, cell body and synaptic terminal plasma membranes. This pattern of anti-opsin labeling continued at all intervals up through the 60-day detachment time-point. Injection of radiolabeled amino acid in detachments from 1 to 30 days show that radiolabeled protein is still transported to the truncated outer segments of the photoreceptor cells. In addition, these outer segment disks label with anti-opsin. These data imply that opsin continues to be transported and incorporated into the outer segments of photoreceptors showing severe degeneration as a result of long-term detachment from the RPE.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Risk factors for secondary retinal detachment after extraction of intraocular foreign bodies].

BACKGROUND: Better identification of patients at risk for retinal detachment after intraocular foreign body removal would guide management as well as help prevent this complication. We performed a study to identify risk factors for secondary retinal detachment in eyes with retained intraocular foreign bodies. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 102 consecutive patients (95 males and 7 females with a mean age of 31.6 years) seen between 1990 and 1995 at one ophthalmology service for intraocular foreign body after penetrating ocular injury. All eyes underwent primary surgical repair and foreign body removal (via electromagnet or vitrectomy). The mean length of follow-up was 2 years (range 6 months to 6 years). Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression) was performed to determine predictors of retinal detachment. RESULTS: The foreign body was metallic in 95% of cases and magnetic in 60%. The largest diameter was 3 mm or more in 35% of cases (range 1 mm to 25 mm, mean 3.6 mm). The foreign body was preretinal or intraretinal in 24 patients (24%), intravitreal in 47 (46%), located in the sclera in 16 (16%) and located in the anterior segment in 15 (15%). A secondary retinal detachment developed in 25 patients (24%) after foreign body removal, with a mean delay of 4.6 (standard deviation 7.6) months (range 7 days to 31 months). The posterior pole was detached in 15 patients (60%). The retinal detachment was total in 13 patients (52%). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was noted in 13 cases (grade B in 3, grade CI in 3, grade CI in 1, grade C3 in 1, and grade C4 in 5). Univariate analysis using Kaplan-Meier survival showed that firearm injuries, visual acuity less than 20/200, presence of hyphema, presence of tissue prolapse and presence of vitreous hemorrhage at the initial examination were significantly associated with the occurrence of secondary retinal detachment. On multivariate analysis (Cox regression), two independent and combined factors were predictive of retinal detachment: initial visual acuity less than 20/200 (odds ratio 5.5, p = 0.02) and presence of vitreous hemorrhage (odds ratio 2.2, p = 0.05). INTERPRETATION: Patients at risk for secondary retinal detachment after penetrating ocular injury with retained intraocular foreign body can be identified at the initial examination.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Retinoschisis vs. retinal detachment--diagnosis and treatment].

In the years 1985-1990, 987 patients with retinal detachment were treated in the Ophthalmological Clinic of Medical Academy in Poznań. In 25 patients, from the above group, the coexistence of retinoschisis was observed. The clinical picture of retinal detachment and retinoschisis was the basis for explaining the pathogenesis of two different phenomena: "retinoschisis versus retinal detachment" and "retinal detachment versus retinoschisis". The surgical treatment applied to 25 eyes resulted in 88% retinal attachment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Age-related macular degeneration after retinal detachment surgery].

We studied a group of 157 patients who had retinal detachment surgery in one eye with successful anatomical reattachment and a fellow eye without a retinal detachment. In a group of 7 out of 8 patients who had a retinal detachment that included the macula and who underwent surgery, we found that the development of macular degenerative changes was much less pronounced in the operated eye than in the fellow, control eye. In a group of 3 patients who had retinal detachment without macular involvement, the appearance of macular degenerative changes appeared to be rather symmetric in the operated and in the fellow eye. The presence of a circling buckle did not appear to have an influence on the ARMD changes. It appears that the presence of a macular detachment is a factor in modifying the natural history of age-related macular degeneration. The diminution of signs of ARMD could be related to a degree of atrophy in the retinal pigment epithelium occurring after a retinal detachment with the macula off.

Aged↗

PubMed1981

Rhematogenous retinal detachment complicated by severe intraocular inflammation, hypotony, and choroidal detachment.

An unusual type of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is described and compared with a control group of patients with detached retina. Features of the condition, in addition to retinal detachment, include severe anterior and posterior uveitis, choroidal detachment, hypotony, deepened anterior chamber, posterior synechiae, iridophakodonesis, and a poor surgical and visual prognosis due to massive periretinal proliferation. The disease occurs in a disproportionately high ratio in blacks. These cases may be mistaken for uveitis, Harada's syndrome, the uveal effusion syndrome, dislocated lens, or malignant melanoma. It is postulated that the detached retina initiates a series of exaggerated pathophysiological changes in the eye, with the severe inflammation leading to choroidal detachment and hypotony. Such eyes are inoperable until the inflammation, hypotony, and choroidal detachment are reversed with corticosteroid treatment. The surgical and visual prognosis is very poor.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Bilateral retinal detachment].

In 1977-1990 a total of 2,554 patients with rhegmatogenic retinal detachment were operated by the cryosurgical method, using silicone episcleral implants. The total number of patients comprosed 36 (1.4%) where the authors detected during the preoperative examination retinal detachment, usually in an initial stage, on the other eye. In 30 patients the authors operated bilateral detachment of the retina simultaneously and in the remaining six during the same hospitalization. The poorer eye was characterized by 1. more extensive retinal detachment, 2. a higher grade of proliferative vitreoretiopathy (PVR). As to the preoperative findings, the authors consider the following points important: 1. Almost 70% of the patients did not report subjective complaints of the better eye. 2. With regard o the pathogenesis the patients were divided into three groups: lattice degenerations in 61.1%, idiopathic oral dialysis 11.1%, other factors 27.8% of the patients. 3. Symmetry of the retinal defect up to 90 in two-thirds of the patients. 4. Type of operation. On the poorer eye the authors performed segmental plombage in 12 eyes (33.3%), cerclage in 5 eyes (139%) and reinforced cerclage in 19 eyes (52.8%). For the better eye the authors indicated segmental plombage in 12 eyes (77.8%), cerclage in 4 eyes (11.1%) and reinforced cerclage in 4 eyes (11.1%). Subretinal fluid was punctured on the poorer eye in 19 eyes (52.7%) and on the better eye in 7 eyes (19.4%). After an average observation period of 40 months the retina became anatomically attached in 86.0% on the poorer eye, and in 100% on the better eye. Bilateral retinal detachment in our group can be considered a model situation of retinal detachment which developed roughly at the same time and under equal endogenous conditions of the given organism. It may be thus assumed that a different extent of detachment and grade or proliferative vitreoretinopathy before operation was determined above all by the period of retinal detachment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Study on application of the silicone oil in the reattachment of complicated retinal detachment.

Sixty eyes with complicated retinal detachment were treated by vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade (27 eyes of PVR grade D, 15 eyes of giant retinal tears with posterior flat folded-over, 13 eyes of posterior or macular hole, 5 eyes of traumatic PVR). After 3-24 months follow-up, the study showed retinal anatomic reattachment in 48 eyes in which the visual acuity of 32 eyes was 0.05 or better. The authors consider that vitrectomy and peeling make the silicone oil tamponade perfect the vitreous surgery and improve the successful rate. The theory of silicone oil tamponade, the indications, advantages and disadvantages of silicone oil tamponade are discussed in this paper.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Exudative retinal detachment in nanophthalmos.

PURPOSE: To report the treatment of exudative retinal detachment in a patient with nanophthalmos. METHODS: A 46-year-old man with bilateral nanophthalmos suffered from acute angle-closure glaucoma in his left eye. The first day after a peripheral iridectomy an exudative retinal detachment was observed. Two months later a partial thickness sclerectomy with a central sclerostomy, covered by a thin film of absorbable gelatine, was performed in each quadrant of the left eye. RESULTS: The retinal detachment gradually resolved and after eight months the retina was completely reattached. Vision, which had been limited to hand movements, improved to 6/18 with correction. CONCLUSION: Scleral resections are effective in the treatment of nanophthalmic retinal detachment. The use of absorbable gelatine film to cover the sclerectomized area may prevent regeneration of scleral tissue and recurrence of the exudative retinal detachment.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2002

[Epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Beijing, China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) in Beijing, China. METHODS: A prospective population-based study of the incidence of rhegmatogenous RD diagnosed between October 1999 and September 2000 was performed. The study group of Epidemiology of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Beijing, China was made-up by the Department of Health Care Epidemiology of Peking University and all 35 hospitals with conditions of diagnosis and treatment for rhegmatogenous RD in Beijing city. Standard questionnaire and diagnostic guidelines for rhegmatogenous RD were adopted. All patients diagnosed for rhegmatogenous RD the first time in this period (included in-patients and out-patients) and resided in Beijing city proper and nearby suburbs were registered and recorded. The record included the age, sex, residing district, month rhegmatogenous RD occurring, refraction, eye or eyes of illness, history of blunt trauma, history of cataract extraction, history of rhegmatogenous RD on the contra-lateral eye, etc. Cases with recurrence, retinal break without retinal detachment and without patient's compliant and subclinical RD were excluded. Exudative RD, tractional RD, secondary detachment of retina after vitrectomy or strabismus operation or excision of ocular tumor and mixed retinal detachment were also excluded. RESULTS: A total of 526 patients were diagnosed in the city proper and the nearby suburbs. The annual incidence of rhegmatogenous RD was 7.98 per 100 000 population [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.3 - 8.7]. The incidence of blunt traumatic, aphakic or pseudophakic, and nontraumatic phakic cases being 0.93/10(5) (95% CI, 0.7 - 1.2), 0.80/10(5) (95% CI, 0.6 - 1.0), and 6.25/10(5) (95% CI, 5.7 - 6.9), respectively. The incidence of traumatic detachment for males was 1.55/10(5) (95% CI, 1.1 - 2.0), which was higher than that for females 0.30/10(5) (95% CI, 0.1 - 0.5), (Z test based on the Poisson distribution, P < 0.001). But there was no significant difference between males and females in the incidences of nontraumatic phakic detachment and aphakic detachment (Z test based on the Poisson distribution, 0.5 < P < 0.7). There were two peak incidences, one occurred in 60 - 69-age-group, and the other occurred in 20 - 29-age-group. No seasonal variations in the occurrence of retinal detachment was found (Z test based on the Poisson distribution, 0.8 < P < 0.9). There was no difference of incidence between the left and the right eye (Z test based on the Poisson distribution, P > 0.05). The proportion of bilateral detachment was 5.82% in that myopia was found in 66.5% of the patients. The proportion of high myopia in bilateral retinal detachment was greater than that of the unilateral retinal detachment (Chi-square test, 0.01 < P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The annual incidence of rhegmatogenous RD in Beijing city proper and its nearby suburbs of China between Oct 1999 and Sept 2000 was 7.98 per 10(5) population (95% CI, 7.3 - 8.7).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with branch vein occlusion.

Proposed mechanisms for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) include hole development from preexisting retinal cysts and vitreoretinal traction secondary to retinal neovascularization. Damage caused by choriocapillary obstruction may also occur in some of the retinal breaks. Vitreoretinal traction without associated retinal neovascularization has not been previously emphasized as a pathogenetic mechanism. We document both iatrogenic and idiopathic vitreoretinal traction as causes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in ischemic retina after BRVO. A literature review of the role of retinal traction with and without associated neovascularization in the development of retinal tears after BRVO is included.

Aged↗