PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “SARCOMA, LYMPHOSARCOMA”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Host endocrine status mediates oncogenesis: leukemia virus-induced carcinomas and reticulum cell sarcomas in acyclic or normal mice.

A highly selective leukemogenic virus obtained from thymic lymphosarcomas (LS) of C57BL/6 mice was inoculated intraperitoneally into normal or gonadectomized C57BL/6 male mice and into normal or masculinized, acyclic, Charles River (CR) outbred female mice. This virus induced early onset of LS in both normal and gonadectomized C57BL/6 mice. The same virus induced a relatively late onset of many mammary adenocarcinomas in the normal CR mice and ovary adenocarcinomas and systemic neoplasms (LS and reticulum cell neoplasms) in the acyclic females. Topography, histopathology and the average latent period of the tumors were completely different between the normal and the acyclic females. This is consistent with the idea that a leukemia virus can induce tumors other than leukemia and that permanent alterations of the physiological hormonal cyclicity plays a major role in determining whether or on which target cells the ubiquitous virus will exert its carcinogenic action.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

The postoperative prognosis of primary pulmonary sarcomas. A review with a comparison between the histological forms and the other primary endothoracal sarcomas based on 474 cases.

On the basis of 41 personally observed cases from 1957 to 1974 and 435 case reports in the literature from 1957 to 1972, a scale of malignancy of the histological forms of primary pulmonary sarcomas is presented. A fairly continuous rise in the rate of malignancy according to the differentiation of the tissues can be convincingly recognized. The more mature a pulmonary sarcoma is, the better is the postoperative prognosis. The rate of malignancy increases from the relatively differentiated and tissue matured fibrosarcomas over the spindle cell sarcomas and round cell sarcomas, to the completely non-differentiated polymorph cell sarcomas. Primary myosarcomas, neurosarcomas and reticulum sarcomas of the lungs take an isolated position within this scale of malignancy. Primary lymphosarcomas are the most common and have clearly the best postoperative prognosis. The greatest malignancy is found with the carcinosarcomas. The characteristics of each of the histomorphological forms of primary sarcoma of the lungs are discussed. At the same time it is shown that the postoperative prognosis of endothoracal sarcomas is determined not only by their histological structure, but also by their localization in the lungs, mediastinum, or chest wall. Forty-one primary pulmonary sarcomas were compared with 22 sarcomas of the mediastinum and 17 sarcomas of the chest wall. Due to their long period of development, with rare symptoms and late diagnosis, sarcomas of the lungs and the mediastinum have a similar postoperative prognosis, in contrast to the endothoracal sarcomas of the chest wall which have a clearly more favourable prognosis.

Fibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1988

Differences in response to a chemical carcinogen within species and clones of the livebearing fish, Poeciliopsis.

Freshwater viviparous fishes of the genus Poeciliopsis are evaluated as a model for testing water-borne carcinogens. The unique property of this model lies in the clonal form of reproduction of some of these fishes. Interspecific hybrids between P.monacha and P.lucida occur in nature as all female 'species' which produce only female offspring and transmit the P.monacha genome intact as a single linkage group. Without sacrificing the integrity of the wild P.monacha genome, a naturally occurring 'hemi-clone' can be brought into the laboratory and rendered isogenic in the next generation by providing an inbred strain of P.lucida as the male parent. The genetic mechanism of P.monacha-lucida hybrids provides a tool for duplicating wild genomes from heterogeneous populations of these fishes for broad and continuous investigation. In the present study susceptibility to induction of liver tumors is compared in inbred strains of two species Poeciliopsis lucida and P.monacha, and among nine P.monacha-lucida hybrid clones exposed to diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Incidence of fish with liver tumors was significantly higher in P.lucida M61-31 (89.0%) than in P.monacha strains S68-4 (18.9%) and S68-5 (36.8%) and the nine hybrid clones of P.monacha-lucida wherein tumors occurred in a graded series (15.6 to 66.7%). Tumors were not found in any untreated fish reared as controls. The incidence of treated fish with large tumors (occupying more than one eighth of the liver) was significantly higher in P.lucida (72.7%) than in the P.monacha strains S68-4 (9.4%) and S68-5 (10.5%). The difference in frequencies of large tumors among the nine clones ranges from a low of 3.8% in M65-24 PCx to a high of 52.9% in M61-35 PCz. Hemangiopericytomas were induced in P.lucida and in five of the nine P.monacha-lucida clones; they were not found in either strain of P.monacha. Lymphosarcoma was induced only in P.monacha S68-5. An unclassified sarcoma was induced in both P.monacha strains and in two of the nine P.monacha-lucida clones, but not in P.lucida. The intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was the most frequent tumor type induced with DEN in this study. It occurred in all twelve genotypes, and with one exception, in the highest incidence. In contrast to a previous study wherein responses of different strains of P.lucida were within a narrow range, substantial differences exist among P.monacha genotypes.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Human natural killer cells: a comprehensive review.

The senior author of this comprehensive review observed and reported in 1969 that his lymphocytes killed allogeneic tumor cells in vitro. Some of his research associates and technicians and other healthy individuals also yielded such killer lymphocytes. The team considered pre-immunization to cancer occurring in individuals after in-family or professional exposure to patients with cancer (in an era when the concept of viral etiology of cancer was receiving major support); or that lymphocytes can acquire through blastic transformation immune reactivity to allogeneic cells anew in vitro. The phenomenon was eventually referred to as 'lymphocytes practicing Burnet's immunosurveillance.' Project site visitors of the USA NCI first viewed these observations as a matter of 'in vitro artifacts' being in opposition to strong tumor- specific cytotoxicity of tumor-bearing patients' lymphocytes recognized in the vast majority of other assays. After NCI funds were released for intramural studies on the phenomenon of non-specific cytotoxicity by lymphocytes, recipients (other than the senior author) of these NCI funds later characterized (1973-1975) the 'indiscriminately' cytotoxic lymphocyte populations as those of 'natural killer (NK) cells.' In this article, the original observations made in 1969-1971 are reviewed based on genuine material preserved by the senior author and are explained in view of recent discoveries that were not available at the time of the original observations. NK cells display a fascinating history arising first in urochordates during the cambrian explosion. At that level, NK cells protected their hosts from incompatible cell colony fusions and against intracellular, especially viral, pathogens. Since then, viruses evolved evasive maneuvers to escape NK cell attack on the infected cells. NK cells persisted after the evolution of adaptive immunity in cartilaginous fish fitting seamlessly into the new system. In mammals, NK cells assumed the role of chief arbitrators between the fetal trophoblast and maternal immune reactions to the semi-allograft fetus. Tumors induce in NK cells the same (inactivating; mediating Th2-type immunity) reactions the fetal trophoblast engenders in utero, but NK cells may overcome the host's tolerance to its tumor and kill tumor cells, especially when converted into lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells by molecular mediators of Th1-type immunity. The authors prepare and utilize LAK cells and IL-2 for adoptive immunotherapy of patients with metastatic melanoma and kidney carcinoma. A patient with malignant ascites due to ovarian carcinoma entered remission on LAK cell therapy. Just as dendritic cells, the major antigen presentors, may undergo malignant transformation, NK cells are also subject to transformation into FasL-producer virulent lymphoma-leukemia cells. The senior author reported in 1970 a patient with 'lymphosarcoma cell leukemia' whose circulating lymphoma cells killed indiscriminately human sarcoma and carcinoma cells. The exemplary case history of another patient with NK cell lymphoma-leukemia treated by the authors is presented.

Adult↗