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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Wife assault and perceptions of sanctions.

Using survey data based on telephone interviews of 1,626 coupled males, this study explores the relationship between perceptions of four possible sanctions for wife assault and involvement in this form of physical aggression. The exploratory analysis addresses the following questions: To what extent do men perceive negative reactions to wife assault as certain and severe? Do nonassaultive men perceive the reactions of others as more certain and severe than men who engage in physically aggressive behavior? Among men who assault their partners, are the perceived certainty and severity of sanctions greater for one-time offenders than for repeat offenders? The relevance of the findings on the deterrent and experimental effects of sanctions are discussed, and suggestions are offered for future studies that apply deterence theory to the phenomenon of assaults taking place between adult partners.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Adolescents' perception of aspects of the home environment and their attitudes toward parents, self, and external authority.

Although there is extensive literature on the home environment as a socializing agent and on the perception of self and others, research relating home environment variables to adolescents' perception of themselves and others is not common. The present study, using a survey of 480 students, attempts to define and relate these two domains. Factor analyses of 16 semantic differential scales generated three dimensions--evaluation, understandability, and potency--for specifying attitudes toward self, parents, and certain external authority figures (teachers and police). In addition, factor analysis of 20 variables relating to adolescents' perception of their home environment suggested five factors: (1) extent of punishment, (2) amount of chores at home, (3) perceived parental control, (4) absence of parents, and (5) parents' attitude toward authority figures. Controlling for sex and age, these home environment factors were found to account for sizable portions of variance in certain components of the person perception domain. Particular relevance for several of these factors are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

An observational study of young adults' drinking groups--II. Drink purchasing procedures, group pressures and alcohol consumption by companions as predictors of alcohol consumption.

Quantitative observations were made of 200 groups in bars catering for young adults. Most drinkers were members of groups in which round-buying procedures were used. Purchasing procedures were good predictors of alcohol consumption among males, accounting for 15% of the variance in consumption. Males who purchased rounds tended to consume more alcohol than did males who did not purchase drinks for others. Drinkers with companions who consumed large amounts of alcohol tended to consume more alcohol and tended to have higher drinking rates. Considered alone, the average amount consumed by companions accounted for 62% and 48% the variance in alcohol consumption by males and females respectively. Qualitative observations and interviews with 200 patrons are also described. Findings from the interviews indicate that there were considerable pressures on males and females to conform to the 'institution' and to the 'rules' of round-buying. However, the quantitative observations showed that the majority of females did not openly purchase drinks. This suggests that observational procedures can provide useful checks on findings obtained from questioning procedures.

Adolescent↗