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Results for “ULTRAVIOLET THERAPY”

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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Oral psoralen photochemotherapy of atopic eczema.

Oral administration of 8-methoxypsoralen followed by exposure to a high-intensity longwave ultraviolet treatment system resulted in clearing of atopic eczema in 15 patients. Paired-comparison studies demonstrated that this treatment was superior both to conventional ultraviolet light therapy and to no treatment. Short-term observation suggests that regular therapy is necessary to maintain remission of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Skin carcinoma in patients with psoriasis treated with topical tar and artificial ultraviolet radiation.

A case-control study, consisting of 59 skin cancer patients with severe psoriasis, was conducted to evaluate the effect of treatment with tar and/or artificial ultraviolet radiation on the risk of developing cutaneous carcinoma. Using 924 unmatched controls, we estimated that the crude rate of skin cancer was 2.4-fold for patients with high exposure to tar and ultraviolet radiation, compared with those lacking high exposure. Using a control series of 126 patients matched for age, skin type, region of residence, sex, history of exposure to ionising radiation, and number of 8-methoxypsoralen photochemotherapy treatments, we observed a stronger association (relative rate = 4.7, 95% confidence limits = 2.2 to 10.0). The magnitude of the relative rates argues for continued surveillance for tumours among patients with psoriasis who receive long-term tar or artificial ultraviolet radiation therapy.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed2005

Treatment of small plaque parapsoriasis with narrow-band (311 nm) ultraviolet B: a retrospective study.

Narrow band (311 nm) ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for psoriasis and other inflammatory skin diseases. We have therefore employed NB-UVB in the treatment of small plaque parapsoriasis (SPP) since 1996. All patients (16/16) responded with complete remission of the disease after a mean number of 32.8 exposures and a mean total dose of 35.4 J/cm2. Unwanted side-effects were rare (3.3%) and always mild. Relapse of the disease occurred after an average of 29 weeks in those patients who came for follow-up visits. Therefore, NB-UVB is an effective, comparably safe and convenient alternative to psoralen and ultraviolet A therapy or other treatment modalities in the suppression of SPP.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Alefacept for the treatment of psoriasis: a review of the current literature and practical suggestions for everyday clinical use.

Alefacept is the first biologic therapy approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the management of patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Alefacept is a fully human fusion protein with a dual mechanism of action inhibiting T-cell activation as well as selectively reducing memory T cells. More than 2000 psoriasis patients have been treated with alefacept in clinical trials. These studies reveal an excellent clinical response, with 33% of patients achieving a Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score of 75 and 57% of patients achieving a PASI 50 after one course of alefacept. Patients achieving both PASI 75 and PASI 50 have significant improvements in their quality of life. The best responders can have long remissions, and there is a tendency toward continued improvement with subsequent courses of alefacept. The safety profile over the short and intermediate term is excellent. Preliminary data regarding alternate dosing regimens, transitioning patients from conventional systemics to alefacept, and combining alefacept with ultraviolet light therapy will be highlighted. We also will discuss our practical approach to patient selection, CD4 monitoring, management of infections while on alefacept, as well as decisions regarding retreatment and combination therapy.

Alefacept↗
PubMed2004

Pityriasis rosea.

Pityriasis rosea is a common, acute exanthem of uncertain etiology. Viral and bacterial causes have been sought, but convincing answers have not yet been found. Pityriasis rosea typically affects children and young adults. It is characterized by an initial herald patch, followed by the development of a diffuse papulosquamous rash. The herald patch often is misdiagnosed as eczema. Pityriasis rosea is difficult to identify until the appearance of characteristic smaller secondary lesions that follow Langer's lines (cleavage lines). Several medications can cause a rash similar to pityriasis rosea, and several diseases, including secondary syphilis, are included in the differential diagnosis. One small controlled trial reported faster clearing of the exanthem with the use of erythromycin, but the mechanism of effect is unknown. Resolution of the rash may be hastened by ultraviolet light therapy but not without the risk of hyperpigmentation. Topical or systemic steroids and antihistamines often are used to relieve itching.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultraviolet phototherapy for pruritus.

Ultraviolet-based therapy has been used to treat various pruritic conditions including pruritus in chronic renal failure, atopic dermatitis, HIV, aquagenic pruritus and urticaria, solar, chronic, and idiopathic urticaria, urticaria pigmentosa, polycythemia vera, pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy, breast carcinoma skin infiltration, Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic liver disease, and acquired perforating dermatosis, among others. Various mechanisms of action for phototherapy have been posited. Treatment limitations, side effects, and common dosing protocols are reviewed.

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMed2002

Cost-effectiveness analysis of a psoriasis care instruction programme with dithranol compared with UVB phototherapy and inpatient dithranol treatment.

BACKGROUND: This study was part of a large national cost-effectiveness analysis, and was funded by the National Fund for Investigational Medicine of the Health Care Insurance Board. OBJECTIVE: To compare the costs of treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis by dithranol short contact therapy in a care instruction programme (short contact therapy) with ultraviolet B phototherapy (UVB) and inpatient dithranol treatment (inpatient treatment), and relate these costs to treatment effectiveness. METHODS: An open randomized controlled multicentre study was performed. The costs (both medical and non-medical) were calculated for the following periods: during treatment, per month during remission, after a relapse, and following an unsuccessful treatment. The effectiveness measures were the clinical response rate and the number of clearance days during follow-up. RESULTS: The data from 216 patients were analysed. The mean overall costs per patient during treatment were euro;1641, euro;1258 and euro;7706 for short contact treatment, UVB and inpatient treatment, respectively. During the clearance period the mean costs per month per patient were euro;19, euro;5 and euro;25, respectively. The clinical response rates were 57%, 57% and 85%, respectively. The mean number of clearance-days after short contact treatment was 160 [median 119; interquartile range (0-357)], which was not significantly different from the other two strategies: 211 clearance-days after inpatient treatment [241 (99-350)] and 136 clearance-days after UVB [81 (0-266)]. CONCLUSIONS: Short contact treatment is an attractive alternative for patients with moderate to severe psoriasis currently treated by inpatient treatment, as the costs of short contact treatment were significantly lower and the number of clearance days was comparable. Considering the higher costs, short contact treatment is not a first choice treatment when compared with UVB.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1996

Squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum.

A patient with psoriasis was found to have a large skin tumor on his scrotum. He had received psoralen and ultraviolet A radiation therapy to control psoriasis. Histopathologic study revealed that the tumor was a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. We present this rare case and suggest that the genitalia be shielded during ultraviolet therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of chronic urticaria with PUVA or UVA plus placebo: a double-blind study.

Chronic urticaria is a disease for which the available range of treatment modalities is limited. Ultraviolet radiation has recently been shown to affect histamine release from mast cells. We therefore studied the effects of PUVA and UVA on chronic urticaria. Nineteen patients took part in the study, which was designed as a randomized double-blind study. Eleven patients received PUVA, and 8 received UVA plus a placebo. In the PUVA group, 7 patients showed improvement, 3 noticed no change, and 1 became worse. In the group that received UVA plus placebo, 5 patients experienced an improvement, whereas the other 3 showed no change. The differences between the groups were not statistically significant. However, the probability of achieving this degree of improvement in both groups just by chance is less than 1%. Consequently, the improvement noted could have been due to either UVA alone or a placebo effect. It is concluded that PUVA is not better than UVA in the treatment of chronic urticaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Remission of ordinary psoriasis following a short clearance course of cyclosporin.

We set out to show that the assumption is incorrect that continuous treatment with cyclosporin is necessary in psoriasis, as this tenet forms a basis for current recommended treatment regimens. Sixty patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis were allocated at random to treatment with oral cyclosporin 5 mg/kg/day (30 patients) or topical dithranol and ultraviolet B therapy (30 patients) for up to 16 weeks until clear (median time 6 weeks cyclosporin and 8 dithranol), and the times to relapse compared. The patients were seen monthly for up to 8 months, and the severity and the extent of psoriasis were assessed. Relapse, defined as return of psoriasis to 50% of the area at the start of the trial or patient demand for further treatment, was not significantly different between the groups (hazard ratio 1.11, 95% CI 0.55-2.32). No patients suffered a rebound of severe disease and none relapsed in the first 8 weeks after stopping treatment. The relapse rate was higher following cyclosporin from 8 to 28 weeks after treatment and following dithranol from 28 to 34 weeks. The patients with arthritis had a higher median joint severity score at relapse than prior to treatment with cyclosporin. At the end of 8 months, 5 patients treated with dithranol and 8 patients with cyclosporin remained clear, 75% and 67% having relapsed. We conclude that rapid relapse does not occur after clearance of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis with cyclosporin and the relapse rate was no different from dithranol treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of ultrasound/ultraviolet-C and laser for treatment of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare in patients with spinal cord injury the effect on wound healing of nursing care alone with the effect on wound healing of nursing care combined with either laser treatment or a regimen of ultrasound and ultraviolet-C (US/UVC). SUBJECTS: Twenty patients (22 wounds) were randomly assigned to the treatment groups. METHODS: All patients received standard wound care consisting of wound cleaning twice daily, application of moist dressings, and continuous relief of pressure until the wounds were healed. The laser protocol consisted of three treatments weekly using a cluster probe with an 820-nm laser diode and 30 superluminous diodes (10 each at 660, 880, and 950 nm), and energy density of 4J/cm2, and a pulse repetition rate of 5,000 pulses per second. The US/UVC regimen consisted of five treatments weekly, alternating the treatment modality daily. The pulsed US was applied at a frequency of 3 MHz and a spatial average-temporal average intensity of 0.2 W/cm2 (1:4 pulse ratio) for 5 minutes per 5 cm2 of wound area. The UVC dosage (95% emission at 250 nm) was calculated each session according to wound appearance. The dosage level was E1 for clean/granulating areas, E3 for purulent/slow-granulating areas, E4 for heavily infected areas, and 2E4 for wound debridement. Wounds were traced every 14 days, and surface areas were calculated using the Sigma-Scan Measurement System. Weekly percentage changes in wound area were compared. RESULTS: Results showed that US/UVC treatment had a greater effect on wound healing than did nursing care, either alone or combined with laser. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Ultrasound/ultraviolet-C may decrease healing time and may allow faster return to rehabilitation programs, work, and leisure activities for patients with spinal cord injury who have pressure ulcers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of a single UVB or PUVA exposure on immediate and delayed skin hypersensitivity reactions in humans. Correlation to erythemal response and Langerhans cell depletion.

A single UVB or PUVA exposure given 4 days prior to skin testing affected skin responses both to contact allergens and to histamine and the histamine liberator, compound 48/80. The delayed contact hypersensitivity reactions were attenuated by UVB in 75% and by PUVA in 79% of the tests. The immediate skin reactions to histamine and compound 48/80 were diminished by UVB in 81% and by PUVA in 46% of the cases. While the epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) density was distinctly affected by irradiation, the attenuation of skin hypersensitivity reactions seemed to be independent of the degree of LC depletion. A significant correlation was, however, found between the strength of the erythemal reaction induced by the irradiation and the attenuation of the skin hypersensitivity test reactions; this was true for both delayed and immediate skin reactions in the case of UVB and for immediate skin reactions in the case of PUVA. The mechanism behind the attenuating effect of UV radiation on skin hypersensitivity reactions remains unknown, but it probably does not result from a stabilization of the mast cell membrane, as histamine and compound 48/80 induced reactions were suppressed to a similar extent.

Adult↗