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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Anatomical variations in the course of the superficial peroneal nerve.

Eighty-five legs in forty-four cadavera were dissected to determine the course of the superficial peroneal nerve from its origin to its termination as dorsal cutaneous nerves of the foot. Particular attention was paid to the relationship of the nerve with the intermuscular septum between the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg. In sixty-two (73 per cent) of the legs, the nerve coursed within the lateral muscle compartment from its origin to its exit through the crural fascia. In twelve (14 per cent) of the legs, the nerve had a variable course in the lateral compartment, crossed into the anterior compartment, and passed through the fascia. In ten (12 per cent) of the legs, the nerve divided in two, with branches in both the anterior and the lateral compartment. In one leg, the nerve never lay deep to the peroneus longus but ran along the deep surface of the fascia before exiting distally. The nerve or its branches passed through the fascia three to eighteen centimeters proximal to the lateral malleolus.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anatomical variations in the hypoglossal canal].

In this paper, 492 human dried skulls grouped according to sex and race (White and no White) were examined and the presence of a double hypoglossal canal was observed in 97 skulls. The statistical analysis allowed us to conclude that no significative difference exists in race X canal type; sex X canal type; race X side and sex X side interations.

Female↗
PubMed1990

CT-scan study of the incidence of sinus involvement and nasal anatomic variations in 196 children.

CT-scan was used to examine rhinosinusitis in the developing sinuses; 196 children aged from 3 to 14 years were selected on the base of their chronic rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and cough. The patients were subdivided into six age groups (3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12 and 13-14 years). In the youngest age group, the authors noted maxillary involvement in 63%, ethmoidal involvement in 58%, and even sphenoidal sinus involvement in 29% of the children. Involvement decreased gradually with age, with 10% of ethmoidal and 0% of sphenoidal involvement in the 13-14 years age group. Maxillary sinusitis, however, persisted very frequently in the oldest age group (65%). Frontal involvement seems to become significant at the age of 7-8 years (7%) but it never exceeds 15% (11-12 age group). Septal deviations occurred in 16% of the youngest up to 72% in the oldest age group. The prevalence of bullous conchae increased with age too, although less prominently.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Anatomic variations of the cochlea and relations to other temporal bone structures.

A thorough knowledge of the normal range of variation of anatomy and topography of the cochlea is necessary for optimal reproduction of this structure and correct interpretation of the radiographs. Radiographic identification of incomplete cochlear coils is essential in the diagnosis of congenital malformations such as Modini's deformity. Furthermore, a diagnosis of otosclerosis/otospongiosis has to be based on recognition of changes in the otic capsule. The size and shape of the human cochlea and the normal ranges of variation of its dimensions were evaluated in 95 plastic casts, prepared from temporal bone specimens. The normal range of variation is fairly small, and is not age-dependent. Obvious digression from this range, associated with pertinent clinical symptoms, indicates an abnormality.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1990

Anatomical variations in the formation of the human oesophageal hiatus.

The formation of the oesophageal hiatus was studied in 50 human diaphragms in which crura and the median arcuata ligaments were carefully dissected and their fibres were carefully traced to the central tendon. In 98% of the cases the right crus was divided into a medial, a middle and a lateral bundle. In 90% the left crus was divided into a medial and a lateral bundle. The medial bundle of the right crus was a constant component in bounding the hiatus. The undivided crura did not contribute to the borders of the hiatus. 5 variations in the formation of the hiatus were observed. In 62% the hiatus was bounded by the 2 crura mainly the right; the left crus shared only in the formation of the posterior border. In 10% the 2 crura contributed equally to the formation of the hiatus; the hiatus was formed by the medial bands. In 10% the hiatus was formed exclusively by the right crus. In 2% the hiatus was formed exclusively by the left crus. In 16% crura had no direct relation to the hiatus except posteriorly and the hiatus was bounded by a V-shaped band from the median arcuate ligament, this finding has not been previously reported. The functional significance of these variations was discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[CAT-scan study of the prevalence of sinus disorders and anatomical variations in 196 children].

CT-scan was used to examine rhinosinusitis in the developing sinuses; 196 children aged from 3 to 14 years were selected on the base of their chronic rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and cough. The patient group was subdivided into six age groups (3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12 and 13-14 years). In the youngest age group, the authors noted maxillary involvement in 63%, ethmoidal involvement in 58%, and even sphenoidal sinus involvement in 29% of the children. Involvement decreased gradually with age, with 10% of ethmoidal and 0% of sphenoidal involvement in the 13-14 years age group. Maxillary sinusitis, however, persisted very frequently in the oldest age group (65%). Frontal involvement seems to become significant at the age of 7-8 years (7%) but it never exceeds 15% (11-12 age group). Septal deviations occurred in 16% of the youngest up to 72% in the oldest age group. A prevalence of bullous conchae increased with age too, although less prominently.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Clinical implications of anatomic variations of the splenic artery.

An aberrant course of the proximal splenic artery was observed in nine of 26 adult cadavers dissected for mapping of the lesser omentum. Such an aberrant course makes the artery vulnerable to iatrogenic injury. In view of this relatively high prevalence of splenic artery aberration, it is suggested that surgeons operating in the area of the lesser omentum should keep in mind the possibility of its occurrence and the dangers that it may present.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anatomic variations of the accessory soleus muscle.

Four cases of accessory soleus muscle are presented. By means of soft tissue radiography and computed tomography the course of the accessory muscle as well as its exact site and mode of insertion could be determined. It was found that the accessory muscle in these four cases showed four different varieties of insertion, i.e. along the tendon of Achilles, fleshy to the upper surface of the calcaneus, by a separate tendon to the upper surface of the calcaneus and fleshy to the medial surface of the calcaneus. These variations may be of importance in the planning of operative treatment. Therefore, meticulous radiologic examinations as depicted in this study are recommended before surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anatomical variations of the clinoid process of the human sphenoid bone].

The authors analysed 270 human adult skulls of both sexes, in order to demonstrate the fusion of clinoid process of sphenoid. It was verified only 38 cases under several shapes. According to our results obtained, may be concluded: a) the fusion between the anterior and medium clinoid processes occurred in 17 cases (6.27%), being that in 11 cases (4.05%) bilaterally; b) between the medium and posterior clinoid processes occurred in six cases (2.22%); c) between the anterior and posterior clinoid processes occurred bilaterally in six cases (2.22%); d) between the three processes occurred in nine cases (3.04%).

Female↗