PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Automobile Driver Examination”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Joy riding: multiple criminal car rides in an intoxicated state in relation to dyssocial personality with addictive tendencies].

Going out from the case report of a young unskilled worker, the author introduces a little known behavioral disorder, named "joy riding". This highly problematic pattern of misbehavior includes the stealing of usually high-powered motorcars in order to take fast and joyful trips without any goal and leaving them anywhere in a more or less damaged state. As our case report shows, this special behavior sometimes develops features of an addiction and thereby similarities to addictive behaviors like pathological gambling, kleptomania, pyromania and others. Rightly, we find in literature several statements denying clearly the nosological independence of all these non-substance-bound addictive behaviors, pointing out the underlying deficiency of impulse control building the common ground to all these addiction-like disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A profile of the demographics, training and driving history of telescopic drivers in the state of Michigan.

BACKGROUND: Five-hundred twenty-eight licensed, telescopic drivers in the state of Michigan, were sent a questionnaire consisting of 50 questions to evaluate the demographics, formal training procedures experienced by these drivers, and their driving habits. METHODS: One-hundred forty-nine responses were tabulated to determine the characteristics of the telescopic driver in the state of Michigan. RESULTS: The findings show an increased necessity for dynamic assessment, training and follow-up of the telescopic wearer and for referral to a specific driving program to establish safe driving skills. CONCLUSION: As the field of low vision expands in its delivery of care, and with improvement in technology, the desire for telescopic driver's licenses will increase. The need for dynamic training procedures delivered by the multidisciplinary rehabilitative team becomes even more vital to ensure safe driving skills and to protect the privilege to drive. Extensive training, followup and communication must be an integral part of this process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Vision testing and the elderly driver: is there a problem meriting policy change?

BACKGROUND: The number of elderly drivers is increasing. The primary purpose of public policy requiring vision screening for driver's license renewal is to identify, and, when necessary, restrict drivers with functional vision impairments. Because of age-related ocular conditions, elderly drivers, as a group, have a higher incidence and prevalence of functionally impaired vision. To date, there is no empirical evidence of a significant predictive relationship between changes in vision function and automobile crashes. METHODS: Most states require vision screening for driver's license renewal, whereas some do not. Among those states requiring vision screening, there is considerable variation in the frequency and level of testing. Efforts to determine the role of vision in driving, while suggestive, have not been useful in identifying at-risk older drivers. RESULTS: Researchers have observed that older drivers are often aware of their decreased functional capacity and voluntarily adjust their driving patterns by driving less frequently, for shorter distances, during daylight hours, more slowly, and during non-rush hours. However, although not statistically significant, the decline in the mean annual traffic fatality rates with increased state vision screening requirements suggests a possible beneficial effect of vision screening. CONCLUSIONS: Because older drivers are at risk for sight-threatening conditions, they are most affected by vision screening requirements for driver's license renewal. Since a loss of driving privileges represents a major loss of mobility and independence, there is a pressing need to better understand the relationship between age-related vision changes and the frequency and severity of traffic crashes.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

[Possibilities of driver fitness diagnosis and training using a stationary training car].

The study presented had dealt with the potential of a stationary training car in assessing and improving the driving skills of patients having neurological disorders, with reaction testing and reaction training carried out by means of the training car. The aim had been to verify whether, and to what extent, such a device might contribute to driving fitness diagnosis and improvement. The sample was comprised of patients who, mostly following brain injury, participated in an in-patient rehabilitation programme. It was found that an individual's driving fitness cannot be diagnosed on the basis of laboratory testing alone. The deficits elicited by the tests have to be verified concerning their impact in real road traffic in every individual case, taking adaptive potential into account. In view of improved driving skills, the findings show performance improvements in various reaction tests as well as better driving sample ratings.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Epidemiologic characteristics of drivers, vehicles, pedestrians and road environments involved in road traffic injuries in rural Thailand.

This report presents descriptive epidemiology of vehicle-related crashes that caused severe injuries in a defined geographical area in northern Thailand, conducted to determine the nature of injuries and factors that contributed to the crashes. In each incident, the driver and other victims were identified and interviewed by a trained public health worker using a standard investigation form. During 1991, 286 single-vehicle crashes (66.4%), 117 crashes with other vehicles (27.1%), and 28 crashes involving pedestrians (6.5%) occurred in the area. These crashes injured 581 persons (551 vehicle occupants and 30 pedestrians), of whom 36 (6.2%) died. The vehicles involved in the crashes included 11 bicycles (2.3%), 371 motorcycles (78.6%), and 90 other motor vehicles (ie, pick-up trucks, lorries, and cars) (19.1%). Motorcycle-related crashes accounted for the majority of injuries and deaths. Driver risk factors for traffic injuries, such as alcohol consumption, lack of a valid driving licence, limited driving experience, and being a teenage driver, occurred more commonly among drivers of motorcycles than of other motor vehicles. Poor vehicle conditions and road environments reported in some incidents may have posed additional risks. Pedestrian factors, including young and old age, and alcohol use, may also have contributed to the occurrence of pedestrian injuries. Our system of data collection using an investigation form can provide relevant information, leading to the development of appropriate accident prevention programs for the community.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1994

[Voluntary rehabilitation during the license suspension period--a model trial in Hessen].

Based on an analysis of the specific psychological situation of drink drive offenders, a concept of integrated counselling and retraining that is currently being tested in Hesse/Germany will be presented. According to experiences from medico-psychological tests as well as counselling and retraining, the period of suspension after revoking a driver's license is but a security measure in the legal sense that does not necessarily result in an change in the offender's attitude. The course-model FRS (Freiwillige Rehabilitation in der Sperrfrist--Voluntary Rehabilitation during Suspension) will be presented describing its conditions of development, its content, and its procedure along with the results and experiences so far obtained.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1993

Age and driving.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Empirical studies of automobile driving fitness of patients treated with methadone-substitution].

The aim of this experimental study was to gain an impression on the driver fitness of heroin addicts which were at the moment substituted by methadone especially within a methadone program sponsored by the government of NRW. 21 out of 34 patients investigated were unfit to drive because they were at the time the tests were conducted under the effect of at least one additional psychotropic substance other than methadone or because at prior blood tests within 3 months they had been found at least twice under the effect of psychotropic drugs or they were known as concomitant drug users. The remaining 13 methadone patients were matched with 13 control subjects of the same sex, education and-within a range of +/- 2 years-also the same age. Testing short term memory, tracking, decision and reaction behavior, perception, sustained attention, speed estimation, peripheral attention with simultaneous central task, reactive loading, personality questionnaires including traffic specific questions and psychopathologic characteristics the patients yielded significant poorer results compared with the control group. When selecting 6 very good patients according to the decision of the physicians the significant differences concerning performance measures vanished but some differences concerning personality traits still remained. The results confirm the expert's opinion-called "disease and motor traffic"-that in general methadone substituted patients are unfit to drive. The driver fitness of the very few optimal patients depends on the amount of the personality disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Driver's licence and seizures].

The authors consider various types of seizures and their medico-legal consequences in connection with motor vehicle driving. Epilepsy, syncope, transitory ischemic attacks, migraine, electrolyte disturbances, hypoglycaemia, hypersomnia, and alcohol-induced fits are discussed in brief. The authors also discuss risk of recurrence, the seizure-free interval before driving can be resumed, and possible mitigating factors.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1993

[Driver's licenses and medicine. A review of legal requirements and practice].

There are health requirements for acquiring and renewing a driver's license. Physicians are legally obliged to inform the local health authorities when a patient no longer meets these health requirements. This paper describes the current Norwegian legislation, formalities of administration, and practice of traffic medicine. Visual acuity, field of vision, seizures, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, abuse of alcohol and drugs, psychiatric disorders, aging and dysfunction of the locomotor system are discussed in brief.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1993

A driving program for the visually impaired.

This driving program for the visually impaired individual was devised in 1986, as a specific adjunct to the pre-existing training program, designed for the cognitive and physically impaired patients. Two important purposes of the program are: 1) To give the low vision practitioner and staff the capability to be able to recommend a specific training program for telescopic and visually impaired drivers. 2) To try to ensure that every visually impaired telescopic driver (prescribed with a telescopic system by the low vision center) would not only meet legal visual acuity and visual field requirements for the State of Michigan, but would also improve the competency of using their telescopic system for driving.

Automobile Driver Examination↗