PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Catheterization, Peripheral”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Prospective surveillance of phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters.

BACKGROUND: Guidelines have been published for prevention of phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters (IVC), but this complication continues to occur. We sought to determine the rate of phlebitis associated with peripheral IVCs to identify predictors for phlebitis and to isolate pathogenic bacteria from phlebitic catheter tips. METHODS: Nine-point prevalence studies were conducted during the years 1996-2003 of all hospitalized patients with a peripheral IVC. During the last 3 surveys, conducted in 2003, phlebitic lines were removed, and, for each line, 1 to 2 nonphlebitic lines, in place for 48 to 72 hours, were removed and cultured as controls. In between these surveys, findings and guidelines for improvement were distributed to the staff. RESULTS: During these surveys, 40% +/- 8% of hospitalized patients had a peripheral IVC. The rate of peripheral IVC-associated phlebitis decreased from 12.7% (20/157) in 1998 to 2.6% (5/189) in 2003 (P < .01). Factors significantly associated with phlebitis included pain (P < .001), presence of the catheter for longer than 3 days (P < .05), and cleanliness of the dressing (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The rate of phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters decreased significantly throughout the study period. The identification of predictors for phlebitis and the dissemination of this information in an educational drive may have contributed to this improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Acute anaphylaxis following midline catheterisation in a patient with cystic fibrosis.

A 16 year old male with cystic fibrosis experienced an acute life threatening anaphylactic reaction following the insertion of an Ohmeda Hydrocath(TM) midline peripheral venous catheter. The catheter was immediately withdrawn and treatment with intravenous adrenaline, hydrocortisone, chlorpheniramine, and colloid over a 24 hour period resulted in a gradual resolution of symptoms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of laboratory values obtained by means of routine venipuncture versus peripheral intravenous catheter after a normal saline solution bolus.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study compares selected laboratory values of blood samples obtained by means of venipuncture and by means of a peripheral intravenous catheter after a normal saline solution bolus. METHODS: In this prospective experimental study, each participant served as his or her own control. Hospital employees volunteered in the emergency department of a tertiary-care teaching hospital. Participants had a peripheral catheter placed in one upper extremity and received a 200-mL bolus of normal saline solution during a 10-minute period. After a 2-minute wait period, a 12-mL aspirate was withdrawn directly from the saline solution lock. A second 12-mL aspirate was also obtained. Concurrently, venipuncture was performed on the other upper extremity. All 3 samples were analyzed for CBC, electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, liver function tests, and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR). Limits of agreement analysis based on the definition of clinical equivalence, as determined by surveying residency-trained and board-certified emergency physicians, was used to compare the results of catheter aspirates with those of venipuncture aspirates. RESULTS: Thirty-three volunteers participated. When comparing venipuncture versus first aspirate, 16 of the 19 laboratory tests evaluated had 99% agreement intervals that were within the predetermined definition of clinical equivalence. Potassium, bicarbonate, and glucose did not demonstrate clinical equivalence, and this difference persisted after a 12-mL discard volume. CONCLUSION: This study supports the use of blood samples obtained by means of aspiration from a peripheral catheter when testing for CBC, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, liver function tests, and PT/INR in healthy-appearing patients. Catheter aspiration, when testing for electrolytes and glucose, may be reasonable in a more select group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intravenous catheter declotting: same outcomes with lower dose urokinase?

This study aims to assess, in terms of catheter salvage and economic cost, the effect of a low dose (2000 IU) urokinase lock technique to clear multilumen central venous catheters (CVC) and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) when occluded. A total of 100 catheters were included in the analysis. Results indicate this lower dose technique to be effective in restoring the patency of multilumen CVCs, but not as effective when clearing PICCs. No catheters were lost because of occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arterial gas embolism progressing to a massive stroke].

INTRODUCTION: Arterial gas embolism (AGE) is a main iatrogenic complication resulting from the use of invasive procedures. It is difficult to diagnose if it is not clinically suspected. CASE REPORT: A 67-year-old male patient, with a history of interventions involving a mitral prosthesis and a double aortocoronary bypass, who visited Emergency room with symptoms of a high temperature and general malaise. He was canalised peripherally and the electrocardiogram (ECG) showed an auricular fibrillation that had already been detected. While under observation he suffered a loss of consciousness, generalised hypotonia, conjugated gaze deviation towards the right, lower left facial paralysis and left Babinski positive. A new ECG showed ST segment elevation in V2-V5. A cranial computerised tomography (CAT) scan with no contrast revealed a number of serpiginous images caused by the presence of air in vascular structures. A second cranial CAT scan showed the disappearance of the visible air and signs of ischemic stroke in the territory of the right middle and posterior cerebral arteries and the left middle cerebral artery. Clinical-radiological findings suggested an AGE in the brain with massive stroke and acute myocardial infarct with similar causation. CONCLUSIONS: It is not clear what caused the air embolism in this patient but it can most probably be explained by air accidentally entering a peripheral vein. Carrying out an early cranial CAT scan can provide us with a diagnosis and a later CAT scan can evaluate the consequences of the embolism.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The coccygeal artery as a route for the administration of drugs into the reproductive tract of cattle.

A simple procedure is described for cannulating the aorta abdominalis of cattle through the coccygeal artery, and for positioning the tip of the cannula close to the origin of the ovarian artery. When noradrenaline was infused through the cannula there was a rapid increase in the concentration of progesterone in the peripheral blood, whereas the intravenous infusion of the same dose of noradrenaline had little effect. The procedure can be used for endocrinological studies of the reproductive organs and avoids the more costly and potentially damaging procedure of implanting cannulae during a laparotomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Phlebitis associated with peripheral cannulae.

Observation of the cannula is imperative in detecting early signs of phlebitis. To maintain high standards of cannula care, nurse education is important, along with regular auditing of the incidence of phlebitis. Careful consideration should be given to the size of cannula used and the position in which it is sited. Use of Vialon cannulae may be preferable to Teflon.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗
PubMed2005

A case of non-lethal pulmonary air embolism after leukapheresis catheter removal.

Mononuclear cell leukapheresis requires good-quality venous access. Catheter placement and removal of the catheter may be associated with life-threatening local or systemic complications. Thus, prompt recognition of these complications and appropriate therapy can be life-saving. We report the case of a young man who presented with an air embolism following removal of a jugular venous catheter after peripheral blood stem cell collection. We have reviewed the signs and symptoms presented by the patient and the methodology used to remove the catheter. Catheter removal requires careful attention in order to avoid potentially serious complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacological versus nonpharmacological techniques in reducing venipuncture psychological trauma in pediatric patients.

Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) provide reliable access for pediatric patients requiring infusion therapy. Our multidisciplinary team includes nurses, physicians, child life specialists, and radiology technicians. In preparing and educating the patient and parent for the procedure, cultural and developmental levels are assessed and planned accordingly.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed2004

Intravenous therapy.

Intravenous administration of fluids, drugs, and nutrition is very common in hospitals. Although insertion of peripheral and central cannulae and subsequent intravenous therapy are usually well tolerated, complications that prolong hospitalisation, and in some cases cause death, can arise on occasions. Additionally, many cannulae are inserted unnecessarily. This article seeks to review this area and to outline good medical practice.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Developing a protocol for obtaining blood cultures from central venous catheters and peripheral sites.

Blood cultures frequently are obtained from patients with cancer who are suspected to have infection. A review of the literature revealed that consistent clinical guidelines or standards for obtaining blood cultures from patients with cancer do not exist. The published literature varies greatly with respect to site selection (peripheral or central), frequency, and timing. In addition, a survey at the researchers' institution revealed that blood culture orders were written and interpreted in various ways. After a multidisciplinary discussion, a review of the literature, and receiving expert advice, an institutional protocol for obtaining blood cultures from patients with cancer was developed. The protocol specifies between peripheral and central line sampling and establishes timing, frequency, and other guidelines so nurses can perform consistent and evidence-based blood culture sampling. Use of the protocol has improved patient care and helped standardize the practice of obtaining blood cultures.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1997

Assessing the role of the biomaterial Aquavene in patient reactions to Landmark midline catheters.

Landmark midline catheters (Menlo Care, Inc., Palo Alto, CA) provide peripheral venous access for the infusion of medications or fluids. They are constructed of an inner layer of polyurethane and an outer layer of the biomaterial Aquavene, a blend of polyurethane and polyethylene oxide to which butylated hyroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and triallyl-s-triazine trione (TTT) are added. Once inside the vein, the Aquavene material becomes hydrated and the catheter swells resulting in minimal trauma to the vein. It is well recognized that some patients experience reactions to catheterization. Recent reports of hypersensitivity-like reactions in some patients catheterized with Landmark catheters have prompted the manufacturer to reexamine biocompatibility data and clinical data to assess whether Aquavene was the source of the patient responses. None of the biocompatibility studies provided by Menlo Care in support of U.S. registration and marketing of Aquavene-based catheters demonstrated any tendency for Aquavene or material extracted from Aquavene to invoke an immunological or toxicological response. Examination of potential catheter residuals revealed that significant amounts of BHA and BHT were unlikely to be released from the catheters during expected use. The amounts of polyethylene oxide and TTT expected to be released during the first few minutes after catheter insertion (when most of the patient reactions were reported) are almost 92,500 and 270,000 times lower, respectively, than nontoxic animal exposures. These analyses do not support chemically mediated toxicity as an explanation for the adverse events experienced by some patients. A review of the postmarket surveillance data on Aquavene-based catheters revealed that the reported events were not consistent with a hypersensitivity (immunogenic) response to the biomaterial. The rare reported adverse events tend to occur quickly, most often after flushing of the catheter, and resolve quickly, even when the catheter remains in place. Determining the frequency and severity of adverse events reported in association with the use of Landmark catheters will ultimately require a controlled prospective study, preferably one with a concurrent control group using alternative products.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2000

Nosocomial bacteremia in HIV patients: the role of peripheral venous catheters.

A retrospective case-control study compared 40 human immunodeficiency virus (HV)-infected patients with 43 nosocomial bacteremias (NB) to 77 HIV-infected patients without NB. Presence of a peripheral venous catheter (PVC) was associated with occurrence of NB and was significantly more frequent in NB without an identified source. PVCs probably are an underestimated source of NB in HIV-infected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Mid-arm approach to basilic and cephalic vein cannulation using ultrasound guidance.

Central venous lines are often used when there is difficulty obtaining peripheral venous access. The basilic and cephalic veins in the mid-arm region, although difficult to see or palpate, can be imaged longitudinally and cannulated using real-time ultrasonography, providing an easy alternative. These techniques are described, with reports of four typical cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peripherally inserted central catheters in the patient with cardiomyopathy. The most cost-effective venous acess.

While waiting for a heart transplant, patients with cardiomyopathy receive positive inotropic agents and other medications that require ongoing venous access. To evaluate the cost effectiveness of bedside peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement, a retrospective analysis was conducted comparing four types of venous access. Almost 4000 dwell days support the premise that bedside PICC placement is the most cost-effective method of providing ongoing venous access to the patient with cardiomyopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Prevalance of and risk factors for hospital-acquired infections in Slovenia-results of the first national survey, 2001.

A one-day survey was conducted in all (19) Slovenian acute-care hospitals in October 2001 to estimate the prevalence of all types of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and to identify predominant micro-organisms and risk factors. Among 6695 patients surveyed, the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 4.6%. The prevalence of urinary tract infections was highest (1.2%), followed by pneumonia (1.0%), surgical wound infection (0.7%), and bloodstream infection (0.3%). In intensive care units (ICUs) the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 26.9% and the ratio of episodes of HAI per number of patients was 33.3%. One or more pathogens were identified in 55.8% of HAIs episodes. Among these, the most frequently single isolated micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%) and Escherichia coli (10.2%). Risk factors for HAI included central intravascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.2; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.1-4.9), peripheral intravascular catheter (adjusted OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.4), urinary catheter (adjuster OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.6-3.4), and hospitalization in ICUs (adjusted OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4-4.3). The results provide the first national estimates for Slovenia.

Adolescent↗