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Results for “Cytoplasmic Streaming”

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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Kinematics of cytoplasmic deformation in neutrophils during active motion.

A procedure is proposed to measure the cytoplasmic deformation in active motile neutrophils in the form of cytoplasmic strains and strain rates. Three neighboring microspheres in a local region of the cytoplasm serve as markers for local motion. Their positions are tracked by means of a high resolution light microscope and serve to compute nonlinear measures of strains and strain rates together with the principal strains and principal directions. Active neutrophils exhibit large cytoplasmic strains both during periodic pseudopod projections and during continuous locomotion in a polarized shape. The cytoplasmic motion is often synchronized with the whole cell deformation. The local cytoplasmic strains exceed the strains estimated for the whole cell and are not reversible except in some cases of single pseudopod projections. Large strains are observed both in attached and freely suspended cells. Strain rates are relatively constant but show an increase during the pseudopod retraction phase. Local cytoplasmic strains in neutrophils are inhomogeneous and reach large values during passage of the contraction rings. Neutrophils rendered passive by treatment with cytochalasin or EDTA show a random motion of microspheres with much smaller displacements. These observations suggest that the cytoplasm of active neutrophil exhibits large cytoplasmic strains and strain rates in the absence of an external stress resulting in a high degree of intracellular mixing. The proposed technique may be applied to a wide range of problems in cell biology.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2003

Sustained microtubule treadmilling in Arabidopsis cortical arrays.

Plant cells create highly structured microtubule arrays at the cell cortex without a central organizing center to anchor the microtubule ends. In vivo imaging of individual microtubules in Arabidopsis plants revealed that new microtubules are initiated at the cell cortex and exhibit dynamics at both ends. Polymerization-biased dynamic instability at one end and slow depolymerization at the other end result in sustained microtubule migration across the cell cortex by a hybrid treadmilling mechanism. This motility causes widespread microtubule repositioning and contributes to changes in array organization through microtubule reorientation and bundling.

Arabidopsis↗