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PubMed2002

The laboratory diagnosis of platelet disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To provide both a detailed description of the laboratory tests available in the diagnosis of platelet disorders and a testing algorithm, based on platelet count, that can be used to direct the evaluation of platelet disorders. DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted using the National Library of Medicine database. STUDY SELECTION: The literature on laboratory testing of platelet function was reviewed. DATA EXTRACTION AND DATA SYNTHESIS: Based on the literature review, an algorithm for platelet testing was developed. CONCLUSIONS: A history of mucocutaneous bleeding often indicates abnormal platelet function that can be associated with a normal, increased, or decreased platelet count. Multiple laboratory procedures can now be used to determine the underlying pathologic condition of platelet dysfunction when other deficiencies or defects of the coagulation cascade or fibrinolysis are ruled out. Simple procedures, such as platelet count, peripheral blood smear, and a platelet function screening test, will often lead the investigator to more specific analyses. Although platelet function testing is often limited to larger medical centers with highly trained technologists, newer technologies are being developed to simplify current procedures and make platelet function testing more accessible. This review provides an algorithm for platelet testing that may be of benefit to pathologists and physicians who deal with hemostatic disorders.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2000

[Preoperative laboratory diagnosis in pancreatic surgery--what is necessary?].

Some aspects of preoperative laboratory investigations are discussed in pancreatic surgery. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is not a major diagnostic problem with pancreatic enzyme measurement and with further regard to medical history and clinical presentation. However, early assessment of the prognosis of acute pancreatitis still remains a clinical challenge. The determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is used successfully in clinical practice. The values of different serum markers are described in prognostic evaluation of acute pancreatitis, and some direct and indirect pancreatic-function tests are compared in preoperative management of patients with chronic pancreatitis. The most sensitive direct pancreatic-function test is the secretin-pancreozymin test (SP-test), among the indirect function tests estimation of faecal elastase 1 is superior. The significance of tumor marker measurement is described in pancreatic cancer.

Chronic Disease↗