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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Acceptance of telepathology in daily practice.

The availability of pathology services differs greatly in our environment. Although pathology would be especially suitable for being practised at a distance by transporting digital image information, the spread of telepathology into everyday work still is relatively slow. The article describes the situation of diffusion of this innovative technology by reviewing the literature and discussing this in context to data based on questionnaires dealing with the acceptance of telepathology. The current situation of telepathology can be discussed by five items for innovation spead: (1) communication and influence; (2) economic costs and benefits; (3) knowledge barriers and learning; (4) feasibility of techniques offered for the demands of the users; (5) clarification of the legal status and other factors concerning international collaboration. All these head lines do not represent realistic obstacles for the more widespread use of telepathology. The real drawbacks may therefore be found behind certain professional habits of pathologists. The most important causes may be that (a) telediagnosis is not as easy as it may seem at the first glance; (b) telepathology is seen as a potential highway to a world-wide competition of pathology service providers. As soon as these mostly unjustified prejudices are corrected and telepathology is percepted as additional technique in pathology, it will become a diagnostic tool as common and as useful as the telephone.

Austria↗
PubMed2005

Wearable kinesthetic system for capturing and classifying upper limb gesture in post-stroke rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: Monitoring body kinematics has fundamental relevance in several biological and technical disciplines. In particular the possibility to exactly know the posture may furnish a main aid in rehabilitation topics. In the present work an innovative and unobtrusive garment able to detect the posture and the movement of the upper limb has been introduced, with particular care to its application in post stroke rehabilitation field by describing the integration of the prototype in a healthcare service. METHODS: This paper deals with the design, the development and implementation of a sensing garment, from the characterization of innovative comfortable and diffuse sensors we used to the methodologies employed to gather information on the posture and movement which derive from the entire garments. Several new algorithms devoted to the signal acquisition, the treatment and posture and gesture reconstruction are introduced and tested. RESULTS: Data obtained by means of the sensing garment are analyzed and compared with the ones recorded using a traditional movement tracking system. CONCLUSION: The main results treated in this work are summarized and remarked. The system was compared with a commercial movement tracking system (a set of electrogoniometers) and it performed the same accuracy in detecting upper limb postures and movements.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

[Stressor and stress reduction strategies for computer software engineers].

First, in this article we discuss 10 significant occupational stressors for computer software engineers, based on the review of the scientific literature on their stress and mental health. The stressors include 1) quantitative work overload, 2) time pressure, 3) qualitative work load, 4) speed and diffusion of technological innovation, and technological divergence, 5) low discretional power, 6) underdeveloped career pattern, 7) low earnings/reward from jobs, 8) difficulties in managing a project team for software development and establishing support system, 9) difficulties in customer relations, and 10) personality characteristics. In addition, we delineate their working and organizational conditions that cause such occupational stressors in order to find strategies to reduce those stressors in their workplaces. Finally, we suggest three stressor and stress reduction strategies for software engineers.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Creating a culture of innovation and quality at 3M.

Through over 90 years of trial and error, 3M has developed a culture that effectively supports both quality and innovation. This article discusses some of the historical events that helped form this culture; the relationship between innovation and continuous quality improvement; and some of the philosophies, practices, and policies that provide for the day-to-day care and feeding of the innovator at 3M.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1999

Temporality, sequential iconography and linearity in figures: the impact of the discovery of division in infusoria.

The paper analyses the impact of the discovery of the division of infusoria on eighteenth century microscopical iconography. In Autumn 1765, when reproducing the antispontaneist experiments of Lazzaro Spallanzani, Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740-1799) discovered a new method of generation of the animalcules of the infusions, namely their division. Drawing a dividing animalcule raised particular problems, notably the question of how to depict the time sequence of a microscopical creature. Although Saussure's journal of microscopical experiments remained unpublished, the discovery was soon diffused and acknowledged by the European naturalists who began to repeat the observations and quickly faced iconographic problems similar to those experienced by Saussure. Indeed, linearity, used to picture time, is a construction, and, notably for public images, scholars had to contend with the conventions of drawers and engravers. The analysis of microscopical iconographic material of the period 1740-1786 shows that during this period, certain naturalists invented new solutions for depicting time, but diffusion of their innovations was not immediate. Nevertheless, in regards to the illustration of microscopical creatures, it is between 1765 and 1776 that the use of linearity was established as a solution enabling an audience to read an iconographic time process as a text.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed1990

Temporal dimensions of the fertility transition: an age-period-cohort analysis of frontier fertility.

"This paper evaluates age, period, and cohort effects on marital fertility during onset of the Utah fertility transition (1880-1900). Computerized genealogies are used to derive age-period-cohort fertility rates for 49,842 once-married couples. Age, period and cohort effects on marital fertility are then estimated using Johnson's (1985) relational model. Declining marital fertility in Utah is shown to be explained by both lower fertility levels across periods and increasing age-specific limitation across cohorts. Direct cohort effects on fertility are insignificant. These results are consistent with prior research, and the view that fertility levels were adaptive (in part through birth spacing across ages) to immediate contexts of childbearing while age-specific fertility truncation increased across cohorts (in part through the more general diffusion of contraceptive innovations)."

Age Factors↗
PubMed2005

With knowledge comes innovation, and with innovation: power.

The World Trade Centre in Taipei, Taiwan, was like a city of nurses in May, when nurses from across the globe met to discuss issues affecting their profession. The challenges they discussed were at once similar and different; universal and unique. But whatever the problem, all of nursing's solutions were on show at this meeting. The contributions nurses make to the health of their own, and the global population; the way they appropriate technology; their participation in debates about the philosophy of health and caring; nursing innovations that are improving education and clinical practice; and the involvement of nurses in political debate and their influence on health policy--all were evident in abundance at the International Council of Nursing (ICN) congress where 4,000 nurses from 140 nations gathered to talk about knowledge and innovation in nursing.

Congresses as Topic↗