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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Haemodynamic and plasma catecholamine responses during total intravenous anaesthesia for laryngomicroscopy. Thiopentone compared with propofol.

We compared the haemodynamic responses to endolaryngeal procedures during anaesthesia with propofol or thiopentone. Two minutes after administration of glycopyrronium 4 micrograms.kg-1 and alfentanil 17.5 micrograms.kg-1 anaesthesia was induced with either propofol 2.0 mg.kg-1 (n = 8) or thiopentone 5.0 mg.kg-1.min-1, respectively. Muscle relaxation was induced and maintained with suxamethonium. Intratracheal jet-ventilation (rate: 20 breath.min-1) was with 100% oxygen. Blood samples for later determination of plasma catecholamines were drawn and haemodynamic responses were recorded at tracheal intubation, after insertion of the operating laryngoscope, during the endolaryngeal procedure and after extubation. With both anaesthetic agents the only statistically significant haemodynamic response to intubation was a rise of heart rate. With propofol, plasma adrenaline concentrations decreased significantly after induction and remained below baseline values throughout the procedure. After insertion of the operating laryngoscope the haemodynamic response was more pronounced with thiopentone than with propofol. Propofol blocks the catecholamine and haemodynamic responses to endolaryngeal procedures more effectively than thiopentone.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Rapidly progressive extensive subcutaneous emphysema associated with an implantable intratracheal oxygen catheter.

Localized subcutaneous emphysema is a recognized complication of transtracheal oxygen catheters. It usually occurs in the immediate postoperative period or in association with catheter tip migration. This is a case of rapidly progressive, extensive subcutaneous emphysema apparently resulting from paroxysms of coughing in a patient with a normally functioning implanted intratracheal oxygen catheter several weeks after placement.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

Neuromuscular blocking agents for tracheal intubation of critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Emergency tracheal intubation in critically ill adults is associated with a high risk of peri-intubation adverse events, making first-attempt success a key safety target. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) improves the proportion of first-attempt success and reduces adverse events during emergent intubations outside the operating room. METHODS: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials or nonrandomized studies comparing sedative-hypnotic plus NMBA versus sedative-hypnotic alone in critically ill adults undergoing emergency endotracheal intubation in nonoperative settings. Animal, cadaveric, manikin/simulation, and pediatric studies were excluded. Articles were screened on 21 August 2025, in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Web of Science Core Collection. MAIN RESULTS: Of 4736 screened citations, 13 studies (8 cohort; 5 before-after studies) were included in the quantitative analysis, with 14 072 participants. NMBA use was associated with higher first-attempt success, which ranged from 69 to 92% (pooled odds ratio, 2.72; 95% onfidence interval: 1.42-5.21; low-certainty evidence). Secondary outcomes related to adverse events were rated as very low certainty due to sparse data, inconsistent reporting, and serious imprecision. CONCLUSION: NMBA use during emergency intubation was associated with improved first-attempt success, although the certainty of evidence was low.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Clearance and distribution of intratracheally instilled vanadium compounds in the rat.

Intratracheally instilled 48V2O5 was rapidly cleared from the lung into blood, liver and bone. Approx. 40% of the recovered 48V was excreted, primarily in urine by day 3, while the skeleton accounted for 30% by day 7. The behavior of instilled 48VO2Cl was similar to that of 48V2O5. Uptake of gavaged 48V2O5 was 2.6% of administered dose. Skeleton, lung, kidney and liver are primary targets for intratracheally instilled 48V with uptake being much greater via the intratracheal route than by the oral route.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Metabolism of amiodarone following intratracheal instillation in hamsters.

Intratracheal instillation of the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone (AD) in hamsters is an established animal model of AD-induced pulmonary fibrosis. A metabolite of AD, desethylamiodarone (dAD), has also been shown to produce pulmonary fibrosis in this model. It was previously reported that following intratracheal instillation of AD in hamsters, metabolite could not be detected in lung tissue. However, in studies in our laboratory dAD was detected following instillation of AD. The goal of the present study was to monitor the distribution of AD and dAD to lung and liver within 1 h of AD instillation and to investigate the site of AD metabolism. Both AD and dAD were detected in the lung and liver within 5 min of AD instillation; lung and liver concentrations of AD and dAD were also quantified at 30 and 60 min following AD instillation. Incubation of lung and liver microsomes with AD showed that the liver is a probable site of AD metabolism following the intratracheal administration of AD to hamsters.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1975

Tracheal size following tracheostomy with cuffed tracheostomy tubes: an experimental study.

In view of the severe damage caused by unyielding, low residual volume cuffs, various modifications to the cuff of an intratracheal tube have been introduced. The merits of two low-pressure cuffs were assessed in an experimental study in dogs; both cuffs produced little visible damage to the tracheal wall in dogs intubated continuously over a two-week period. A modified technique of producing tantalum tracheobronchograms without distrubing the mucous blanket or traumatizing the tracheal wall is described. These tantalum radiological studies demonstrated a progressive temporary increase in size of the trachea at cuff level over the period of intubation with these cuffs. The implications of such a progressive weakness occurring in the tracheal muscle are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Delayed exacerbation of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmia by tracheal instillation of diesel exhaust particles.

For understanding the relationship between the increased incidence of sudden cardiac death and air pollution, we examined the effects of intratracheal instillation of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) on acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmia in rats. The animals received 1 mg DEP 24-48 h before the ischemia/reperfusion (DEP-pretreated group, DEP-PRE), and were subjected to 3 successive brief ischemia/reperfusion (3 min ischemia followed by 5 min reperfusion) procedures. These were to make the animals tolerant to ischemia/reperfusion-related myocardial deterioration. Thereafter the animals were subjected to a 10-min ischemia followed by a 30-min reperfusion. In the experiments, an increased mortality was observed in the DEP-PRE group compared to the vehicle (0.05% Tween 80-PBS)-treated group. Forty-six percent of the animals in DEP-PRE died during the first 3-min reperfusion period. The animals of other groups were intratracheally instilled with DEP at the beginning of ischemia/reperfusion experiment, or were pretreated with polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (1000 IU kg(-1), iv). In these animals, incidences of both arrhythmia and mortality were similar to those in the animals treated with the vehicle. In experiments to investigate the effects of DEP on the biochemical and hematological parameters, neutrophil count was elevated by a higher dose (5 mg) of DEP at 24 h after the intratracheal instillation, and oxygen radical production, which was induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, was enhanced at 72 h. These results indicate that intratracheal DEP instillation exacerbates short-period ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmia. Delivery and activation of peripheral neutrophils and oxygen radicals produced in neutrophils might participate in this exacerbation. This is the first article that demonstrates the arrhythmogenicity of DEP using intratracheal instillation in rats.

Acute Disease↗