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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Perceptions of Chandigarh sports coaches regarding oro-facial injuries and their prevention.

Enthusiastic participation by the younger generation in sports exposes them to a high risk of injuries. In the present study, the perceptions of sports coaches regarding their knowledge and experience of such injuries is evaluated. The coaches considered helmet as the most common protective device followed by mouth guard and facemask. About 58% observed that boxing was associated with oro-facial injuries and protective devices were deemed mandatory by 68% in this event. About 45% saw over five injuries in the last year, mostly soft tissue facial injuries (47%) and tooth loss (33%). Most injuries were in hockey and 32% were due to hits by ball, stick or related hard objects. About 82% were related to nonuse of protective devices. The majority of coaches considered that oro-facial devices be made more popular among sportspersons for their safety while 28% felt they reduced efficiency. The author concludes that there is a need to popularize the use of oro-facial protective devices in a variety of sports events in our country by interacting with coaches, sports administrators and sportspersons as well as familiarizing the Indian dentists in this relatively new field.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Fundamental study on effects of different form of mouthguards on modal shape and damping ratio of human dry mandible].

Effect of 6 types of mouthguards on the vibratory characteristics of the human dry mandible was investigated by means of modal analysis with the impact test method. In this study, 20 test points were established on the mandible and the modal shape and damping ratio of the vibration of the mandible itself and the mandible each attached with a mouthguard were analyzed by using the FFT analyzer (CF-6400) and personal computer (PC-9801FA) with a modal analyzing software (VIBRANT-PC). The results were as follows: 1. With regard to the modal shape, there was almost no difference among the mandibles and each mandible with 6 types of mouthguard. 2. With regard to the damping ratio, there was a significant difference between the mandible itself and mandible with each mouthguard. And the effect of the mandible with each mouthguard on the damping ratio was different.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1997

[Study on effects of mouth guard on ventilation].

To investigate the effects of the mouthguard on ventilation, including respiratory frequency (F), tidal volume (VT), oxygen uptake (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (R), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), and all-out time, an exercise tolerance test with modified Bruce's protocol was performed on 4 male subjects. Cumulative (cum.) value was also analyzed on F, VT, VO2, and R. Respective values with the mouthguard was compared to those without the mouthguard. The results are as follows: 1. F, VT, VO2, and R did not show a certain tendency among the 4 subjects. 2. Cum.F at all-out time was decreased 2 approximately 8% among 3 subjects and increased 10% in 1 subject. 3. Cum.VT at all-out time was decreased 11 approximately 12% among 3 subjects and increased 21% in 1 subject. 4. Cum. VO2 at all-out time was decreased 2 approximately 11% among 3 subjects and increased 20% in 1 subject. 5. Cum. R at all-out time was decreased 3 approximately 13% among 3 subjects and increased 10% in 1 subject. 6. VO2 max showed significant increase in 1 subject. 7. All-out time was decreased 3 approximately 4% among 3 subjects and increased 9% in 1 subject.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Rugby football.

Rugby union football continues to gain in popularity in the United States. Both men's and women's clubs have been established at several colleges and universities. There has been substantial growth in the number of high school rugby football clubs in recent years. With the increase in numbers of young participants in this sport, it is important that great efforts be mounted to attempt to control the injury rates and severity of injuries in rugby football. Players and coaches must be knowledgeable of the rules of the game, and referees must strictly enforce these rules. Physicians and dentists should be involved in educating parents, coaches, players, and school officials about the inherent risks of injury and the means for injury prevention. Medical personnel must also be instrumental in educating players about alcohol abuse/addiction. Rugby players should be encouraged to use the limited protective gear that is allowed: wraps, tape, joint sleeves, scrum caps, and facial grease to prevent lacerations. Mouthguards are strongly recommended at any level of play and should be mandated. The use of helmets, face masks, and shoulder pads has been suggested by some authors. Such rule changes could actually increase injury rates and severity, because this equipment could be used as weapons as they are in American football. It is recommended that rugby clubs purchase or build equipment to practice scrummage skills. Coaches should be experienced and attend clinics or complete video courses on medical emergencies and safe techniques of the game. Injury frequency and severity can be decreased by adequate preseason training and conditioning, proper tackling and falling techniques, strengthening of neck muscles, and allowing only experienced, fit athletes to play in the front row. Medical surveillance must be improved at matches and, ideally, at practice sessions. At present, it is common for no emergency medical personnel or physicians to be present at matches in the United States. Better case registers are necessary to monitor rugby injuries, but more medical professionals must become involved in the sport to obtain useful data. Rugby players will respect the advice of a medical adviser, providing he or she is knowledgeable. This is a hardy group of athletes with a cavalier attitude, as evidenced by the injury statistics and the case studies above. Their sport can be made safer without diminishing the intensity of the game or the camaraderie the players enjoy.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1999

[Intra-oral therapy of borderline sleep-related respiratory disorders with a modified protrusion-fixation of the mandible].

BACKGROUND: Aim of this study was the investigation of the efficacy and acceptance by mechanic-prosthetic mandibular protrusion for patients with mild to moderate OSAS. METHODS AND PATIENTS: During interdisciplinary teamwork between pneumology (sleep medicine) and dentistry we studied the change in the apnoea-index (AI) of 21 unselected patients treated with a modified oral appliance according to Lyon using less protrusion of the mandible and individual occlusion of the jaws. All patients were asked to rate their complaint-score using the oral appliance. RESULTS: 21 patients--aged 55.03 +/- 9.71 years; body mass index (BMI) 28.6 +/- 2.4 kg/m2 (mean value +/- SD)--had an improvement of apnoea-index (1/h) high significant (p < 0.0005). (Al before therapy 15.25 +/- 6.6; Al with therapy 6.07 +/- 3.7). Using a validated ambulatory respiratory evaluation device we saw an improvement in the Al of 57% +/- 19% during the estimated sleeptime of 6 h 12 min +/- 30 min. After a wearing-time of about 6 months the low complaint-score of the patients verified the high acceptance and efficacy of the modified oral appliance. CONCLUSION: The modified oral appliance of Lyon can improve disease severity, life- and sleep-quality of patients with mild to moderate OSAS. Engaged teamwork of sleep medicine and dentistry is necessary to take care of a very individual and carefully fixation and occlusion of the mandible, resulting a continuing compliance and efficacy for the patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Athletic mouth guards prevent orofacial injuries: a review.

Athletes who participate in competitive and recreational sports are at significant risk of orofacial injury. The use of mouth guards can reduce that risk substantially. The known incidence of orofacial trauma and benefits of athletic mouth guard use are reviewed. Dental health professionals are advised to advocate mouth guards for athlete-patients.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of chlorhexidine varnish mouthguards on the levels of selected oral microorganisms in pediatric patients.

PURPOSE: The effect of a chlorhexidine varnish delivery system on the levels of selected oral microorganisms was evaluated in caries active pediatric patients, ages 4 to 12 years old. METHODS: Forty-six patients were enrolled into the study when they had multiple carious surfaces and salivary mutans streptococci (MS) levels higher than 10(4) colony forming units (CFUs) per milliliter. This study incorporated a double-blind design and patients were randomly assigned to either the chlorhexidine treatment group or the placebo group. Complete-arch, vacuum-adapted mouthguards (0.02 in. polypropylene coping material) were custom fabricated and coated internally with either a 3.0% chlorhexidine varnish or a placebo varnish. Two pretreatment paraffin-stimulated saliva samples were obtained for culturing prior to varnish treatment. Saliva samples were also obtained immediately after treatment and once a month for up to three months after wearing the mouthguard appliances. Dental restorations were placed at most of these saliva collection visits. Mouthguards were reportedly worn for an average of 9.7 hours per night for approximately seven nights by 40 subjects (87%). RESULTS: After two months, and after three months, there was a significant reduction in MS levels immediately after the chlorhexidine varnish treatment. Total anaerobic and total facultative bacteria levels were not significantly affected. CONCLUSION: One week of nightly use of the chlorhexidine varnish mouthguard system is effective at reducing the number of MS in caries-active pediatric patients in the mixed and primary dentition for at least three months.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dentists' attitudes towards mouthguard protection.

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the attitudes of Virginia general dentists, orthodontists, and pediatric dentists towards mouthguard protection. METHODS: Questionnaires were constructed and mailed to 2500 dentists in Virginia. RESULTS: In this survey, 97% of orthodontists, 84% of pediatric dentists, and 67% of general dentists recommended mouthguard protection for their athletically active patients. The two main reasons for not recommending mouthguards were that the patient could obtain one from a less expensive source than the dental office and the dentist had not received formal training on fabrication or use of mouthguards. More recent graduates were more likely to have been taught mouthguard use and fabrication during their dental training. General dentists (59%) and pediatric dentists (56%) recommended the custom mouthguard while orthodontists recommended the prefabricated stock type (77%) as their primary choice of mouthguard. A majority of general dentists (58%), orthodontists (81%), and pediatric dentists (76%) recommended mouthguard protection for the contact sport of basketball which presently is a non-mandated mouthguard sport. CONCLUSION: Most dentists agree that athletically active patients require mouthguard protection. Many dentists, however, question whether they were the ones responsible for distributing and fabricating the mouthguards.

Athletic Injuries↗