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PubMed1996

[Listeriosis in a rabbitry].

An enzootic of listeriosis in a rabbitry is reported. Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a was isolated from the organs of a doe, which had died of septic metritits. From aborted fetuses of two other does Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2b and 4b were cultured, respectively. In feed samples of the rabbitry Listeria monocytogenes strains of the serotypes 1/2b and 4b besides the apathogenic Listeria species Listeria seeligeri and Listeria innocua were detected. Serological studies with agglutination test and complement fixation test on double serum samples of does, which had aborted, pointed to listeric infections as the cause of abortion. A doe, which had aborted and failed to become pregnant again, showed serosal adhesions of both uterine tubes and a sterile pyometra. Therefore, previous infection of the uterus by Listeria monocytogenes should be considered as a cause of infertility.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1997

Prevention of pregnancy in bitches following unwanted mating: a clinical trial using low dose oestradiol benzoate.

A field investigation was undertaken in mated bitches to assess the efficacy and safety of a low dose of oestradiol benzoate (0.01 mg kg-1), given by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, on days 3, 5 and sometimes day 7 after mating. Twenty-five veterinary practices in the UK collected data from 358 cases in total. Bitches were treated with oestradiol and then examined at about 65 days after mating, at which time owners were also questioned about any possible adverse signs seen since treatment. Overall 16 bitches (4.5%) became pregnant, although the apparent duration of gestation in some cases suggested that a later mating may have taken place, thus giving a pregnancy rate of only 3.4%. As regards possible side effects of the treatment, 4.5% experienced signs of false pregnancy, 7.8% had evidence of vaginal discharge and 7.3% developed pyometra at some stage during the ten weeks after treatment. None of the bitches showed any clinical signs of bone marrow suppression. The efficacy and safety of this low dose regimen suggest that it is suitable for widespread use, under veterinary supervision. However, it is important for bitch owners to be informed that efficacy can never be guaranteed in any particular case and thus a follow up pregnancy examination may sometimes be advisable.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1997

New techniques using transcervical uterine cannulation for the diagnosis of uterine disorders in bitches.

A technique for collecting uterine samples from bitches without the need for surgery was developed. This technique involved visualizing the cervix with a rigid endoscope and passing a catheter through the cervix into the uterus. Samples for microbiology and cytology were obtained by the infusion and aspiration of sterile normal saline. This technique allowed uterine microbiology and cytology of the normal bitch throughout the reproductive cycle. Microorganisms were frequently recovered from the uterus during pro-oestrus and oestrus, but rarely at other stages of the reproductive cycle. The uterine microflora often reflected the vaginal microflora during pro-oestrus and oestrus. The cells found in uterine cytology samples from normal bitches included endometrial epithelial cells, leukocytes, erythrocytes, cervical cells, spermatozoa and bacteria. The types, proportions, morphology and numbers of cells varied throughout the reproductive cycle. The endoscope could be passed into the uterus and the endometrium examined from parturition until day 23 post partum. These procedures and contrast hysterography were used to investigate the reproductive tract of bitches. The above techniques have facilitated the diagnosis of postpartum metritis (n = 3), pyometra (n = 2), endometritis (n = 1), abortion (n = 1), retained placenta (n = 1), postpartum uterine rupture (n = 1), endometrial subinvolution (n = 1) and misalliance (n = 1) in 21 bitches investigated.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1998

[Incidence of bacterial cystitis in diabetic dogs and cats at the time of diagnosis. Retrospective study for the period 1990-1996].

Bacterial cystitis is a problem often found among patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Insulin management can be impaired by this condition. Diagnosis and therapy of a urinary tract infection are very important in regarding the possibility of bacteria ascending to the kidneys because in a great amount of diabetic patients the kidneys are already damaged by diabetic glomerular nephropathy. Compared to other patients of our clinic the frequency of cystitis among diabetic dogs (n = 158, cystitis diagnosed in 12.7%) and cats (n = 71, cystitis diagnosed in 9.9%) was already considerably higher when diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in these animals. In this retrospective study female animals were far more affected than males. The diagnosis of cystitis among cats and dogs was most frequent when patients had already been suffering from polydipsia and polyuria for more than four weeks. A division among the dogs depending on the etiology of diabetes mellitus led to the following result: especially patients suffering from Cushing's disease and bitches with progesterone-STH-induced diabetes mellitus--particularly when endometritis or pyometra was found--were running the highest risk of developing urinary infections. The bacterium most frequently isolated in the urine samples was E. coli.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Factors influencing the presence of uterine cavity fluid in a random sample of asymptomatic postmenopausal women.

AIMS: To assess possible endometrial pathology and other factors influencing the presence of uterine cavity fluid in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN: A random sample of 559 asymptomatic postmenopausal women, recruited from the total population, were examined by transvaginal sonography (TVS) for the presence of uterine cavity fluid. Women with uterine cavity fluid who had an endometrial thickness of > or = 8 mm (including fluid) were admitted for hysteroscopy and a dilatation and curettage (D & C), and those with <8 mm underwent a new TVS examination one year later. A medical history, including details regarding previous minor gynecological surgery, was taken from the women and from an age-matched control-group of women from the same population. RESULTS: Uterine cavity fluid was found in 8.9% (50/559) of the women. In four women with an endometrium measuring > or = 8 mm, curettage revealed polyps in three women and atrophy with a pyometra in one woman. At the one-year follow-up, 22 women who originally had an endometrial thickness<8 mm had an endometrial thickness of<5 mm; 11 women had no cavity fluid and in the remaining 11 the cavity fluid had decreased. In 17 women, endometrial thickness measured > or = 5 mm and subsequent histology showed 11 endometrial biopsies with atrophy, four endometrial polyps and two cervical polyps. The prevalence of uterine cavity fluid increased with increasing age (p<0.0001) and was increased in smokers (p<0.013) but was unaltered by the presence or absence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). CONCLUSION: There were no indications that uterine cavity fluid was associated with malignancy. The prevalence of uterine cavity fluid increased with increasing age and was higher in smokers. We could not demonstrate an increased prevalence of fluid in HRT-users.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Second-look curettages in irradiated corpus-carcinoma].

Second-look-curettages at the end of combined radiation therapy of 44 cancers of the endometrium are reported. Eight rests of cancers and 11 atypical tissue formations have been found. In 19 patients symptomless pyometra could be revealed. Observations of progress between 1966 and 1975 showed no relationship with the results of the second-look-curettages. The purpose of second-look-curettages is discussed.

Adult↗