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At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Some studies on the rodenticidal action of indomethacin.

The oral LD50 of indomethacin for a seven-day observation was found to be 12.58 +/- 1.15 mg/kg. At LD10 of 6.61 mg/kg, a dose to weight ratio of 28 was obtained for a 240 g rat, while at a maximum single dose of 3 mg/kg in man it is only 0.04. Neither diazepam nor phenobarbital influenced death at the doses of both drugs used. However, cholestyramine 2 g/kg/day was found to protect by 50% from the LD100 of indomethacin. Gross pathological studies showed dose-dependent ulceration and perforation (P < 0.001, 12 vs 24 mg/kg) and such lesions occurred in starved rats, were low in bile duct-ligated compared to sham-operated rats (P < 0.001) and were also low in cholestyramine-treated rats. Indomethacin-induced lethality in rats was found to be dose-dependent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Incidental kill of dunlin and killdeer by strychnine.

Strychnine poisoning of 36 dunlin (Calidris alpina) and two killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) in Yolo County, California (USA) was documented from 11 to 17 December 1990. Birds were found dead on a field containing treated wheat seeds (337 micrograms strychnine/g seed) in postures consistent with the known physiopathology of strychnine poisoning: rapid rigor mortis, wings folded over backs, straightened toes, and fecal material extruding from vents. Five dunlin and two killdeer were necropsied, and their crop and stomach contents were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography for the presence of strychnine. The mean (+/- SD) actual unabsorbed strychnine concentration per amount stomach content for the five dunlin was 110 (+/- 108) micrograms/g and for the two killdeer, 210 (+/- 109) micrograms/g. Shorebirds have not been identified previously as victims of pesticides.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Study of diseases of the grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) in Italy. First isolation of the dermatophyte Microsporum cookei.

The ecological risks connected with the introduction of the North American grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) in Italy are many. Of particular importance is the conservation of the native red squirrel (S. vulgaris) population, since the experience from the British Isles showed that where the grey squirrel was introduced, the autochthonous red squirrel became extinct. To determine the health status of grey squirrels trapped and euthanasized during an eradication campaign in the Piedmont region, various analyses were carried out. This paper describes a preliminary mycological investigation. Microsporum cookei, a geophilic dermatophyte, was isolated for the first time from grey squirrels.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of the economic activity of man on natural foci of plague].

Under the effect of human economic activity in the natural plague foci there occurred changes in the structures of local biocenoses. The extent and the direction of these changes were determined by the character and the scale of the economic activity. The final outcome of ploughing up, irrigation and supply with water of the vast areas is elimination of the focus or of its autonomic areas, but excessive exploitation of the desert pastures not infrequently leads to the opposite result. Large industrial construction and building of means of communications decreased the territories of the natural foci of plague only slightly, although no significant action was produced by them on the structure of biocenoses and the state of the foci.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1999

Rodenticidal activity of two natural coumarines from ether extract of Citrus bergamia.

The rodenticidal activity, expressed by LD50 values of ether and petroleum ether extracts of Citrus bergamina pulp against two rat species, Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) and Rattus rattus (roof rat) was evaluated. Based on LD50 values, ether extract was nearly 1.6 and 1.3 times more toxic to Norway rat and roof rat than ethanol respectively, while pet. ether extract was non toxic to the two rat species. From ether extract, two natural coumarines, Bergapten and Coumurrayin were isolated and tried against the two rat species as anticoagulant rodenticides. Norway rats were more susceptible to both compounds than the roof ones. A direct parallel relationship was found between the toxicity and changes in the blood picture.

5-Methoxypsoralen↗
PubMed2002

Role of male scent glands in improving poison bait acceptance in female rats, Rattus norvegicus.

The poison (Zn3P2) bait mixed with preputial gland and cheek gland extract was highly effective as compared to poison bait mixed without the scent gland extract, in increasing the food consumption and mortality rate in rats. Among these two scent glands, preputial gland extract was more effective than cheek gland extract in increasing the bait acceptance. The scent gland extract mixed with poison bait was capable of improving the poison bait acceptance. A 10% concentration of scent gland extract was more effective than 5% concentration in acceptance of poison bait. The results suggest efficacy of scent gland in improving the poison bait acceptance.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Bioassay of three sulphur containing compounds as rat attractant admixed in cereal-based bait against Rattus rattus Linn.

Three sulphur containing compounds, carbon disulphide, dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl sulphide were bioassayed for preference after admixing them in cereal base as ready bait block for use against commensal rat, R. rattus (wild type) in four way choice chamber system. Rat preference for different baits was also studied with automatic recording animal activity meter. Rats exhibited attractancy to the baits at 0.005% concentration of all the three compounds while at 0.01% concentration they have showed repellency. Dimethyl sulphide at 0.005% concentration showed better attractancy towards both sexes of rat.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rat extermination in Grozny during emergency situation in the year of 2000].

The main factors leading to the great amounts of rats and small myo-morphous rodents in Grozny were the prolonged absence of deratization measures carried out on the necessary scope, the destruction of buildings, which led to the loss of their impenetrability for rodents and the ensuing spread of rats and mice in all habitats, the storage of foodstuffs in temporary stores which did not ensure their protection from rodents. The present article deals with the organizational measures aimed at carrying out deratization works in Grozny after the completion of the antiterrorist operation, as well as the tactics and methods of such works under the conditions of extreme situation.

Animals↗