Major changes in the nuclear cardiovascular codes.
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Cardiovascular Diseases↗
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Results for “coding change”
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More than code revisions in the 2004 changes to ICD-9-CM.
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Forms and Records Control↗
ERCC1 gene polymorphism as a predictor for clinical outcome in advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is a highly conserved protein and an essential member of the nucleotide excision repair pathway. DNA repair is an important mechanism for resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Previous studies have shown that ERCC1 gene expression is associated with clinical outcome to platinum chemotherapy in a variety of cancers. Recently, 2 common polymorphisms in the ERCC1 gene have been described. The first is a single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 188 of the ERCC1 gene that causes a C-->T change but codes for the same amino acid, asparagine. This polymorphism may be associated with differential ERCC1 gene expression. The second is also a signal nucleotide polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region and may affect MRNA stability. We hypothesized that these 2 polymorphisms may be associated with clinical outcome to platinum-based chemotherapy. We assessed the relationship between these ERCC1 gene polymorphism and clinical outcome to platinum-based chemotherapy in 106 patients with advanced refractory colorectal cancer. We found a significant associated between the ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism and clinical outcome. Patients with the C/C genotype had a median survival of 15.3 months (95% CI, 6.0-12.1) and 11.1 months (95% CI, 5.8-16.2) for those with C/T and T/T genotypes, respectively. The ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism may be a useful predictor of clinical outcome in advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Adult↗
[Splicing site mutation of D19S418 in PRPF-31 gene and its phenotypic characters with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the disease-causing gene and phenotypic characters of a large family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). METHODS: Disease status and associated ocular abnormalities of eight patients and six unaffected members who represent different generations of this family were assessed by measurement of visual psychophysics, full-field and multifocal electrophysiology (ERG and mfERG) and funds fluorescent angiography (FFA). The DNA samples of nineteen patients and fifteen unaffected individuals in this family were examined by Genome scanning, linkage analysis and mutation detection to identify coding sequence changes. RESULTS: A case with variable, early onset night blindness before 10 years and visual field loss in their teens was found. Macular dystrophy, progressing to a retinitis pigmentosa phenotype was demonstrated in most adult cases. Both a-wave and b-wave amplitudes of photopic and scotopic full-field ERG were marked reduced and nearly non-detectable, demonstrating severe damage of photoreceptor systems. There were two obligate gene carriers in the family which remained asymptomatic in the clinical. But one of them was found with a minimal RP characteristic and the other was normal by examination of fundus and ERG. An unreported splicing site mutation (IVS5-1G > A) was identified in intron 5- acceptor site of PRPF-31 gene on chromosome 19. ERG and molecular genetic findings were consistent with the reclassification of this disease as an autosomal dominant RP. CONCLUSION: It is a novel splicing site mutation that IVS5-1G > A of D19S418 site in PRFP31, the relative phenotypes by which main displayed type I/diffuse has variable expressivity and complex phenotype.
Adolescent↗
Unilateral lattice corneal dystrophy associated with the novel His572del mutation in the TGFBI gene.
PURPOSE: To report a novel mutation in the TGFBI gene, c.1761_1763del (p.His572del), associated with a unilateral variant of lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD). METHODS: A 63-year-old man presenting with the complaint of decreased vision in one eye was noted to have a unilateral lattice corneal dystrophy. Examination of the patient's wife and two sons, ages 20 and 27 years old, failed to reveal the presence of any corneal opacities. Following the collection of DNA from the patient and his family members, the TGFBI gene was screened for mutations previously associated with lattice corneal dystrophy and any novel coding region changes. RESULTS: In the affected patient, none of the mutations previously associated with the classic and variant forms of LCD were identified. However, a novel mutation, c.1761_1763del (p.His572del), was identified in exon 13 of TGFBI in the patient and his sons. This mutation was not identified in the patient's wife or in 200 control chromosomes. CONCLUSIONS: The novel TGFBI gene mutation (p.His572del) is associated with a unilateral, late-onset variant of lattice corneal dystrophy. This case highlights the utility of molecular genetic analysis in differentiating corneal dystrophies associated with an atypical phenotype from nondystrophic conditions.
Adult↗
Changes in levels of mRNA coding for catecholamine synthesizing enzymes and neuropeptide Y in the adrenal medulla of the newborn rat.
We have measured levels of mRNA coding for the catecholamine synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (D beta H), phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and for neuropeptide Y (NPY) in rat adrenal medulla by using in situ hybridization histochemistry. Ages of one day before birth (E21), 12 h, 24 h, 2 days and 4 days after birth and in adults were studied. TH, D beta H and NPY mRNA levels increased markedly postnatally. Twelve hours after birth the levels of mRNA for TH, D beta H and NPY were, respectively, 512 +/- 18%, 370 +/- 24% and 253 +/- 21% of E21 levels. At 24 h of age NPY mRNA level was 437 +/- 73% of fetal value. In contrast, the levels of mRNA coding for PNMT increased more slowly and reached 196 +/- 9% of E21 level on postnatal day four and was further increased in adult rats.
Adrenal Medulla↗
Family therapy: using a transactional approach.
The family can be viewed as a natural group which includes a mutual influence phenomenon. Intervention follows relationship building and assessment and is geared towards helping the family members challenge and change dysfunctional coding, decoding and structural transactions which inhibit the family group from meeting its idividual psychological needs.
Family Therapy↗
[Spectral analysis and color-coded Doppler study of the changes in aortic regurgitation induced by vasodilators in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic insufficiency].
The acute effects of 20 mg of sublingual nifedipine in 12 patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation were evaluated with M-mode echocardiography, continuous wave and colour Doppler. After nifedipine, heart rate increased from 68 +/- 8 to 82 +/- 11 beats/m' (p less than 0.001); arterial systolic and diastolic pressures decreased from 143 +/- 16 to 129 +/- 9 mmHg (p less than 0.01) and from 61 +/- 11 to 53 +/- 17 mmHg (p less than 0.01) respectively. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameters also decreased from 50 +/- 4 to 46 +/- 4 mm (p less than 0.01) and 76 +/- 6 to 72 +/- 6 mm (p less than 0.01) respectively; the slightly increase in fractional shortening which occurred was not significant. The aortic systolic and diastolic velocity integrals decreased from 38 +/- 9 to 34.7 +/- 8 cm (p less than 0.01) and from 203 +/- 41 to 163 +/- 29 cm (p less than 0.001); the diastolic slope of the velocity curve increased a little but significantly: from 334 +/- 70 to 394 +/- 70 cm/sec2 (p less than 0.01). With colour Doppler, protodiastolic jet areas decreased by 19% in the long parasternal view (p less than 0.01), by 28% in the apical view (p less than 0.001), by 26% in the short-axis view (p less than 0.01); the length of the jets in the long parasternal view decreased by 14% (p less than 0.001), but the height did not change significantly. Positive changes from acute nifedipine administration are present in this study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
Changes in expression of mRNA coding for glutathione S-transferase subunits 1-2 and 7 in cultured rat hepatocytes.
mRNA hybridizing to probes for glutathione S-transferase (GST) subunits 1 and 2 (probe pGSTr 155) and subunit 7 (probe pGSTr 7) has been measured by Northern blot analysis in adult rat hepatocytes both in conventional monoculture and in co-culture with epithelial cells. In addition, several media conditions were used, namely with and without fetal calf serum (FCS) and with and without nicotinamide or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In monoculture, mRNA coding for subunits 1 and 2 was extensively reduced in the presence of FCS. In the absence of FCS, after an initial decrease, an increase of subunits 1 and 2 mRNA was noticed on day 6. When nicotinamide or DMSO was added to the medium, the GST subunits 1 and 2 mRNA level increased during the culture period. In co-culture, an initial reduction in levels of mRNA encoding subunits 1 and 2 was less marked and the values measured increased with co-culture time. Nicotinamide tended to reduce these mRNA levels, whereas DMSO increased them. In contrast, in conventional culture, mRNA encoding subunit 7 was expressed de novo and this induction was prevented by DMSO but not by nicotinamide. Similar results were obtained with co-culture.
Animals↗
[The family of env genes of avian retroviruses: molecular analysis of Rous sarcoma virus adapted to duck cells].
For the elucidation of the molecular basis of RSV adaptation to conditionally permissive host from the genome library of duck embryo fibroblasts, transformed by Rous sarcoma virus in 30 passages on these cells, recombinant bacteriophages that include provirus sequences, were obtained. Complete and transformation-defective proviruses were characterized, nucleotide sequences of their env-genes were compared with their counterparts the original RSV (Pr-RSV-C) and with viruses of other subgroups (A, B, D and E). The possible relation of the revealed changes in domains coding gp85 and gp37, with the changes of chicken RSV characteristics during adaptation to duck cells is discussed.
Animals↗
[Ultrasonic scanning in the diagnosis of rheumatoid lesions of the knee joints].
A total of 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined. On the basis of ultrasound scanning of the knee joints 2 groups of patients were identified: with the prevalence of exudative-proliferative processes and with proliferative-sclerotic changes. Color coding of images was performed using a UAR-1 unit. A high informative value of ultrasound investigation was shown.
Adult↗
Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease.
In the United States about four million people have active peptic ulcers and about 350,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. Four times as many duodenal ulcers as gastric ulcers are diagnosed. Approximately 3000 deaths per year in the United States are due to duodenal ulcer and 3000 to gastric ulcer. There has been a marked decrease in reported hospitalization and mortality rates for peptic ulcer in the United States. Changes in criteria for selecting the underlying cause of death might account for some of the apparent decrease in ulcer mortality rates. Hospitalization rates for duodenal ulcers decreased nearly 50 per cent from 1970 to 1978, but hospitalization rates for gastric ulcers did not decrease. Although this decrease in hospitalization rates may reflect a decrease in duodenal ulcer disease incidence, it appears that changes in coding practices, hospitalization criteria, and diagnostic procedures have contributed to the reported declines in peptic ulcer hospitalization and mortality rates. There is no good evidence to support the popular belief that peptic ulcer is most common in the spring and autumn. The most consistent pattern appears to be low ulcer rates in the summer. There is strong evidence that cigarette smoking, regular use of aspirin, and prolonged use of steroids are associated with the development of peptic ulcer. There is some evidence that coffee and aspirin substitutes may affect ulcers, but most studies do not implicate alcohol, food, or psychological stress as causes of ulcer disease. Genetic factors play a role in both duodenal and gastric ulcer. The first-degree relatives of patients with duodenal ulcer have a two- to threefold increase in risk of getting duodenal ulcer and relatives of gastric ulcer patients have a similarly increased risk of getting a gastric ulcer. About half of the patients with duodenal ulcer have elevated plasma pepsinogen I. A small increase in risk of duodenal ulcer is found in persons with blood group O and in subjects who fail to secrete blood group antigens into the saliva. In most Western countries, morbidity from duodenal ulcer is more common than from gastric ulcer, even though deaths from gastric ulcer exceed or equal those from duodenal ulcer. In Japan, both morbidity and mortality are higher for gastric ulcer than for duodenal ulcer.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
The A.N.A. code for nurses in a changing health care environment.
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American Nurses' Association↗
Two alternatively spliced forms of the human insulin-like growth factor I receptor have distinct biological activities and internalization kinetics.
Two alternatively spliced human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF I) receptor mRNA transcripts have been described that differ by three nucleotides (CAG) starting at position 2829. This results in an amino acid coding sequence change from Thr-Gly to Arg in the extracellular portion of the receptor beta subunit. To investigate the functional significance of this sequence difference, we obtained full-length cDNAs for the CAG+ and CAG- receptor forms, transfected CHO cells, and isolated multiple clones expressing approximately equal numbers of receptors (0.57-0.73 x 10(6) receptors/cell). The two receptors bound IGF I with similar affinity (Kd approximately 1.7 nM), but the CAG- form exhibited an approximately 2-fold increase in IGF I stimulation of receptor autophosphorylation, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) tyrosine phosphorylation, thymidine incorporation, and IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. In contrast to its higher signaling activity, the rate of receptor-mediated internalization of IGF I by the CAG-receptor was decreased by 50% in comparison with the CAG+ receptor. We conclude that proteins corresponding to the two alternatively spliced human IGF I receptor transcripts are biologically active, but have distinct signaling properties. These experiments further indicate a previously unrecognized role for the extramembranous portion of the beta subunit in receptor signaling and internalization.
Alternative Splicing↗
[The incidence of arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease in workers manufacturing nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers].
Examinations are performed on 120 workers from the plant for nitrogen and 253 workers from the plant for phosphorous fertilizers. For comparison is used a control group of 103 persons having no professional contact with chemical noxa. The measuring of the arterial pressure and assessment of the arterial hypertension rate is performed after the standardised method of the World Health Organization (1984). The probability of ischemic disease of the heart is determined on the basis of the electrocardiographic changes (Minnesota code) and the data of the questionnaire of G. A. Rose (WHO, 1984). The results point out, that the arterial hypertension incidence and that of the ischemic disease of the heart in the exposed workers in both plants is insignificantly higher than that of the controls. There is no effect of the specialized length of service on the dissemination of the registered cardio-vascular diseases. The data of the carried out investigation show no presence of heightened risk of arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease in workers from the nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers production.
Adult↗
[Color velocity imaging for diagnosis in kidney transplants. Methods for interpretation of color coding].
Colour velocity imaging is a new technique in the field of colour-coded sonographic flow measurement. It measures blood flow directly by analysing ultrasound pulses' running time and has advantages over colour Doppler systems. Colour velocity imaging's colour code detects changes in arterial blood flow. Therefore it can be used in the diagnosis of kidney allografts in the same way as duplex ultrasound. Using the presented methods of colour interpretation, sensitivity of 66.6-100% and specificity of 72.7-91.7% are attained. Thus colour velocity imaging combines the attributes of duplex ultrasound and colour Doppler ultrasound.
Blood Flow Velocity↗
Coding clinical information: analysis of clinicians using computerized coding.
Data are presented of a controlled experiment with a computerized browsing and encoding tool. Eighteen practicing clinicians extracted medical concepts from two narrative exercise cases using two approaches, traditional and computer-assisted use of ICD-9. Our results indicate that by using a computerized coding tool the completeness of coding can be improved by up to 55%, that by enforcing mandatory as opposed to optional modifier codes results in lower rates of incomplete coding (0 and 55%, respectively), higher rates of correct coding (41 to 92%) and no change in incorrect code, and that manual coding takes twice as long than coding with the help of the computerized coding tool. Clinicians need 59% more time for processing the whole set of codes than is suggested by the sum of individual codes. We conclude that the use of a computerized coding tool can save time and result in higher quality codes. However, the real time spent on coding may be underestimated when looking at individual coding times, instead of the whole task of processing a clinical scenario.
Disease↗
[Incidence and regression of sudden infant death in Austria. Is the change in the SIDS incidence real or virtual?].
After the rise in incidence of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in the 1980s to a peak of 1.7/1000 live births in Austria in 1988, the SIDS rate more than halved to 0.79/1000 live births in 1994. This trend can be regarded as typical of the epidemiology of SIDS in most Western countries. It is commonly interpreted as a result of preventive measures. However, the decline in incidence of SIDS started several years before systematic preventive activities were undertaken in Austria. Graphical presentation shows that the dynamics of SIDS does not affect the almost linear decline in postneonatal mortality over the past 25 years, as would be expected from the fact that SIDS is the most important cause of death in the postneonatal period. A comparative analysis of trends of postneonatal SIDS and non-SIDS mortality reveals that in Austria the increase of SIDS was accompanied by a rapid fall of non-SIDS mortality, whereas, on the contrary, the decline of SIDS went along with relative increase of non-SIDS mortality. Changing awareness of coroners and forensic pathologists of SIDS, with the resultant changes in frequency and performance of postmortem examinations, and changes in coding practices of causes of death should be taken into consideration as determinants of SIDS incidence before interpreting trends as resulting from public health interventions.
Austria↗