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Results for “joint quantification”

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PubMed1996

Quantifying rigidity with a new computerized elbow device.

A new computerized method is described for measuring parkinsonian rigidity with an elbow device. We present data from 127 subjects (103 controls and 24 parkinsonian patients) to show the clinical utility of the method. The instrumental quantification of rigidity correlates highly with clinical ratings of parkinsonian rigidity. The test-retest repeatability was excellent. In parkinsonian patients versus normal controls, significantly higher values of measured rigidity were observed. Moreover, activation procedure significantly increases rigidity only in parkinsonian patients. Activated rigidity in control subjects is lower than basal values. The procedure was sensitive to increased rigidity in parkinsonian patients during 3 days' drug holiday. Contrary to previous reports, levodopa therapy reduced both basal and activated rigidity in parkinsonian patients. This method is relatively simple and takes only 15 min to complete.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Spatial, temporal and muscle action patterns of Tai Chi gait.

This study was to quantitatively characterize the spatial, temporal, and neuromuscular activation patterns of Tai Chi gait (TCG). Ten healthy young subjects were tested. The kinematics of TCG and normal gait (NG) were measured using a marker-based motion analysis system and two biomechanical force plates. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from six left-side muscles: tibialis anterior, soleus, peronaeus longus, rectus femoris, semitendinosus, and tensor fasciae latae. The results showed that TCG had (1) a longer cycle duration (11.9+/-2.4 vs. 1.3+/-0.2 s) and a longer duration of single-leg stance time (1.8+/-0.6 vs. 0.4+/-0.05 s); (2) a larger joint motion in ankle dorsi/plantar flexion (40+/-9 degrees vs. 20+/-8 degrees), knee flexion (82+/-8 degrees vs. 53+/-10 degrees), hip flexion (81+/-7 degrees vs. 24+/-4 degrees), and hip abduction (20+/-8 degrees vs. 0+/-3 degrees); (3) a larger lateral body shift (>25% vs. 5% body height); and (4) significant involvement of ankle dorsiflexors, knee extensors/hip flexors and hip abductors, as indicated by significantly higher peak (88+/-14%, 80+/-18% and 83+/-17% vs. 35+/-10%, 14+/-8% and 28+/-19% peak amplitude, respectively) and root-mean-square values of their EMG (37+/-6%, 32+/-7% and 33+/-7% vs. 23+/-7%, 11+/-8% and 22+/-11% peak amplitude, respectively), longer proportions of action (76+/-19%, 68+/-8% and 65+/-19% vs. 59+/-23%, 16+/-23% and 40+/-32% gait cycle duration, respectively), longer proportions of isometric and eccentric actions, and longer proportions of co-activations. These results demonstrate that the biomechanical characteristics of TCG can be quantified. The quantification of TCC movements is important for understanding its effect on balance, flexibility, strength, and health.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Synaptic plasticity of the interpositorubral pathway functionally related to forelimb flexion movements.

1. Some connections from the afferents to the magnocellular red nucleus (RNm), like the corticorubral synapses, have plastic properties that are thought to contribute to long-term changes such as functional readaptation, motor learning, and the establishment of conditioned responses. Because previous studies have focused on corticorubral synaptic reorganization after these events, we attempted to investigate cerebellorubral connections in intact adult cats during associative conditioning by pairing electrical stimulation of interpositus nucleus [the conditional stimulus (CS)] with electrical simulation of the forelimb [the unconditional stimulus (UCS)]. A large increase in the amplitude of the forelimb flexion (conditioned response) induced by the CS was observed after several days of paired CS-UCS presentations. 2. For this purpose, both behavioral and electrophysiological methods were used to correlate synaptic plasticity with changes in the motor responses. The somatotopically organized sensorimotor network functionally related to the control of the elbow joint movements was studied in awake adult cats. This circuit was defined on the basis of sites at which elbow flexions could be evoked both as a CS and a UCS. The CS was applied in the cerebellar interpositus nucleus (IN) site and the UCS was given to the skin on the dorsum of the distal part of the forepaw. Daily classical conditioning consisted of repetitive pairings of CS and UCS with an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 100 ms. 3. The transmission efficacy resulting from the conditioning was tested in various targets of the cerebellar efferent pathway, including the RNm. Electrophysiological responses evoked in these relay structures by the CS and the forelimb angular deviations were simultaneously recorded throughout each daily conditioning session. The surface areas of the rubral responses to CS and the percentage response rate, the angular deviation (amplitude), and the latency of the motor responses were systematically measured throughout the conditioning procedure. Test sessions were also performed before and after each period of conditioning. Quantification and statistical analysis were carried out to determine whether changes observed in interpositorubral synaptic transmission and in the motor responses evoked by the CS were correlated. 4. Daily repetition of paired CS and UCS according to a predefined and fixed temporal schedule led to an increase in the response rate and amplitude of the forelimb flexions. A procedure with repeated presentation of CS preceded by UCS was used to produce extinction of the enhanced motor responses. The associative nature of these changes was confirmed by the fact that the CS given alone for 11 days in a control condition failed to produce any modification of the motor response. 5. The changes in the flexion movements were accompanied by a nearly parallel increase of the amplitude of the "postsynaptic field potentials" evoked in the RNm by the CS (IN stimulation). Changes in the transmission efficacy of the interpositorubral synapses stayed stable even after several days of interruption and remained constant up the extinction period. Changes affecting both the motor and the central responses were significantly correlated, suggesting that modifications in the interpositorubral transmission efficacy might be one of the plastic correlates of forelimb flexion conditioning. 6. Examination of the neuronal excitability within either the IN or the RNm or in the spinal cord failed to show any evidence of facilitation suggesting that the increases in the postsynaptic rubral field potential were attributable to a plasticity of the interpositorubral connections. The long-lasting duration of the increase of cerebellorubral synaptic transmission suggests that structural changes were induced by conditioning in the intact animal. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Down-regulation of the GTPase RhoB might be involved in the pre-apoptotic phenotype of osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

Anabolic activity, phenotypic alterations, and in particular survival of the chondrocytes are essential for the maintenance of proper articular cartilage and appears to fail during osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration. In this study, we investigated the presence and expression of RhoB in adult human articular cartilage and its regulation in osteoarthritic cartilage as well as in chondrocytes in vitro. RhoB belongs to the family of small GTPases, which are thought to be involved in a large range of activities important for eukaryotic cells. Conventional and quantificative PCR analysis showed significant levels of RhoB expression in normal articular cartilage. Immunolocalization and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed strong cytoplasmic signals for RhoB in normal chondrocytes. In osteoarthritic cartilage, a significantly lower expression of RhoB was detectable. In vitro experiments showed a quick (and transient) up-regulation of RhoB after stimulation with interleukin-1beta and serum. Our study suggests that RhoB is constitutively expressed and essential for adult articular chondrocytes, but significantly down-regulated in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. One intriguing speculation might be that the down-regulation of RhoB in osteoarthritic chondrocytes is at least partly a prerequisite for the sustained pre- or para-apoptotic phenotype of osteoarthritic chondrocytes, because RhoB is known to be one important molecule in the induction of apoptotic cell death in response to DNA damage and osteoarthritic chondrocytes are known to have significant DNA damage. Alternatively, RhoB could be involved in the activation or deactivation and the destabilization of the functional phenotype of chondrocytes in osteoarthritic joint degeneration Thirdly, RhoB is associated with the cell cycle, which is re-initiated in osteoarthritis.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Quantification of trabecular structure in the distal femur using magnetic resonance phase imaging.

A new approach for quantifying trabecular bone tissue using the phase images of a simple gradient-echo sequence is presented. The proposed method is based on the hypothesis that the differences in susceptibility between bone and bone marrow cause magnetic field (i.e., precession phase) variations between the image voxels. Phase images of the distal femur were obtained in vivo and characterised with the use of the phase variance. Computer simulations and experimental results indicate that the distribution of the phases varies with echo time and image resolution, as expected. Keeping these fixed, however, the phase variance is found to strongly reflect variations in trabecular structure.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Isolation of RNA from small human articular cartilage specimens allows quantification of mRNA expression levels in local articular cartilage defects.

Human adult cartilage is an inherently difficult tissue from which to isolate RNA. The RNA isolation techniques described so far have generally only been successfully applied to the isolation of RNA from larger amounts of cartilage. However, it is important to be able to analyse focal cartilage lesions in order to understand the local processes in the cartilage degeneration process. Therefore, we have developed a protocol for isolating RNA directly from as little as 10 mg wet weight of cartilage followed by quantitative PCR analysis. We were able to analyse the expression levels of several genes in parallel including aggrecan and type II collagen.

Aggrecans↗

PubMed2006

[Method for assessment of distribution of UHMWPE wear particles in periprosthetic tissues in total hip arthroplasty].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Aseptic loosening of implants is the main complication affecting the longevity of joint prostheses. The highest proportion of loosening occurs due to osteolysis produced by the presence of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particles smaller than 1 microm. These can be identified by microscopic, spectroscopic or light-scattering methods. Here we describe our method for counting wear particles, based on the principle of light scattering. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2002 and 2004, we collected samples of polyethylene granuloma in 19 patients who underwent revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for aseptic loosening. The samples were obtained from strictly defined areas corresponding to the radiographic presentation of periprosthetic zones describes by Gruen and DeLee in THA. The frozen samples were lyophilized and subjected to delipidation and hydrolyzation procedures in 65 % HNO3. The top part of solution containing wear particles was blended with isopropanol, and the mixture was filtered through a 10-microm polycarbon membrane. Subsequently, the filtrate was filtered through a 0.1-microm membrane. Membranes with trapped particles, 0.1 to 1.0 microm in size, were sent for particle characterization and quantification. The number of wear particles was measured by the method based on light scattering with calibration (LSC), using a Beckman Coulter LS230 analyzer that can express particle size distribution in a given volume in percent. The method was based on the fact that each particle reflects rays that can be measured. The medium measured contained an unknown number of UHMWPE particles and a known number of calibration glass beads varying in size. The number of UHMWPE particles was calculated from the known number of calibration beads. RESULTS: Because the collected samples were also used to develop the method, comprehensive data was obtained in six patients only. Particle distribution recorded in the periprosthetic zones in THA varied greatly; up to a five-fold difference in particle concentration was observed between the zones. In five of the six patients, the highest particle concentration was found in zone III. DISCUSSION: Seeking a method that would be exact, quick and cheap and would eliminate particle aggregation remains the subject of study for researchers cooperating with clinical practice. At present methods based on weighing isolated particles are used most frequently. We developed the LSC method that, for quantification, utilizes the ability of particles to disperse light, and allows us to calculate the real numbers of UHMWPE wear particles in a medium containing a known number of calibration particles. Although this is an indirect method, it gives more accurate results than the direct weighing of particles. The advantages of the LSC method involve less demand on sample purity, greater speed and low limits of detection. The method is useful for statistical evaluation of a larger number of samples. The variation in particle distribution in THA found in this study is in agreement with the relevant literature data; it is also in agreement with our assumptions and clinical findings. CONCLUSIONS: The authors developed an original method for assessment of UHMWPE wear particles in tissue samples, which is quicker than the methods so far used. In the periprosthetic tissues studied, particles about 1 microm in size were detected; their numbers (about 1010 particles per gram dry tissue) are in agreement with the literature data. The distribution of particles in periprosthetic zones in THA was uneven. The highest number of particles was found in the neighboring zone III and zone 7, as described by Gruen and DeLee. Key words: wear, polyethylene, total hip arthroplasty, light scattering, aseptic loosening, wear particles.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗

PubMed1998

Effects of oxaceprol on the microcirculation in ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Oxaceprol, an established drug for treatment of degenerative joint disease, has recently been shown in vitro to reduce leukocyte adhesion to cultured endothelial cells and leukocyte extravasation in vivo in an arthritis animal model. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Oxaceprol on the microcirculation of striated skin muscle. In the dorsal skinfold chamber of the awake Syrian golden hamster I/R injury was induced by applying a 4-hour complete pressure ischemia. Prior to the ischemia, after 30 minutes, 2 hours and 24 hours of reperfusion the following parameters were assessed in a blinded study: macromolecular leakage, leukocyte rolling fraction, adherent leukocytes, and functional capillary density (FCD). Rhodamine 6G to stain leukocytes in-vivo and FITC Dextran (MW 150,000) was used as a plasma marker. 15 minutes prior to reperfusion the animals received either an i.v. bolus infusion of Oxaceprol (50mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of saline, which was followed by a 45-minute continuous infusion at the same dose. At the conclusion of the experiment samples were collected from the chamber tissue for histological quantification of leukocyte extravasation using an esterase stain. Oxaceprol treatment resulted in a significant decrease of postischemic leukocyte adherence after 0.5 h and 2h of reperfusion. The histological sections revealed a significant reduction in the number of extravasated leukocytes. There was a reduction of macromolecular leakage and treatment also resulted in a preservation of tissue perfusion, as was indicated by a significant increase in FCD in the treatment group compared to the ischemia group. In summary, Oxaceprol was able to protect the tissue from ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

A novel technique to measure active tendon forces: application to the subscapularis tendon.

This paper describes the design and use of a novel system for quantification of active tendon forces. An arthroscopically implantable force probe (AIFP) was inserted arthroscopically into the subscapularis tendon of the shoulder in vivo. The output response of this device was calibrated in situ with known forces applied to the tendon using an arthroscopic technique. On recovery of motor control following interscalene regional anaesthesia, the force within the tendon during active muscle contraction was measured. The AIFP was then retrieved through an arthroscopic portal. The technique showed that the subscapularis may produce forces of 250 N during maximum internal rotation of the shoulder.

Arthroscopy↗

PubMed1997

Serial quantification of the human immunodeficiency virus in an arthroscopic effluent.

We describe a case in which a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with high plasma viral titers underwent an arthroscopic partial meniscectomy allowing us the opportunity to measure the HIV titer of serial aliquots of the arthroscopic effluent using the polymerase chain reaction. Two out of six aliquots were found to be HIV positive with 598 and 486 viral copies per milliliter noted. The plasma viral load at the time of surgery was 149,000 copies per milliliter, whereas the prearthroscopy synovial fluid failed to show any detectable virus. This is the first report to our knowledge of HIV detected in an arthroscopic effluent. The clinical implications for the arthroscopist are also discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Inter- and intra-observer reliability of calculating cumulative lumbar spine loads.

The aim of this study was to quantify the precision of manual video digitization of three typical industrial tasks, as evaluated by the comparison of four cumulative kinetic parameters at the L4/L5 intervertebral joint: compression, joint shear, reaction shear and moment. Ten observers were recruited (five male and five female), with an undergraduate background in human anatomy. On each of three test days, each observer digitized five repeats of each of three typical industrial lifting tasks of 5 to 6 s in duration. A rigid link segment model that incorporated a single muscle equivalent model was used to calculate the cumulative loading based on the digitized coordinates. Inter-observer reliability was assessed using a mixed model ANOVA, and no significant differences were found to result from observer, gender, day or trial. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated within each task to quantify intra-observer reliability. Overall, the ICCs were excellent (>0.75), with the exception of moderate values for reaction shear for Tasks 2 and 3. Compression and moment demonstrated the highest reliability of the four parameters studied, which is beneficial from an ergonomic standpoint, as compression is the most commonly used parameter for job assessments. This study demonstrated manual video digitization to be a reliable tool for the quantification of cumulative spinal loading, both within a given observer, and across days, trials and observers.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nonvitamin micronutrients.

Nonvitamin micronutrients encompass innumerable nutritionally active substances present in foods at low levels that may have beneficial and protective properties. These include nonvitamin carotenoids, essential fatty acids, amino acids, phospholipid components, and conditionally essential components such as carnitine, choline, inositol, and any compounds with antioxidant, growth promoting, antimicrobial, or immune potential. These analytes are grossly underrepresented in the Official Methods of Analysis (OMA). The General Referee urges that the nonvitamin micronutrients, carnitine, inositol, and nucleotides need to be strategically targeted for collaborative study because they are not covered in OMA by any technique. Carnitine is available through limited de novo synthesis, although deficiency is recognized, particularly in infants. Thus, infant formulas are commonly supplemented with carnitine, and reliable analytical techniques are needed. A published enzymatic methodology will hopefully be subjected to collaborative study in the near future. Similarly, inositol is considered a conditionally essential pseudovitamin and although microbiological, gas and liquid chromatographic techniques are generally used, these approaches have not been subjected to the highest level of validation. Nucleotides play important roles in major biochemical functions, and recent evidence suggests that dietary nucleotides are semiessential for newborns. The nucleotides and nucleosides are present in human milk at relatively high levels, so bovine milk-based infant formulas are increasingly supplemented with the 5'monophosphate nucleotides, and it is unfortunate that no current AOAC method exists for quantification of nucleotides. Colostral immunoglobulins, specifically IgG, confer passive immunity to the neonate until the immune system is developed. There has been an increase in the global availability of colostrum-based functional foods and supplements, which are claimed to improve gastrointestinal health and stimulate the immune system. In the absence of a reference analytical method, it is becoming increasingly important to standardize analysis techniques for IgG in such materials. Although commercial radial immunodiffusion (RID) kits are available, they are generally variable in response. An affinity high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method based on specific binding of bovine IgG with immobilized Protein G has been validated within the laboratory of the prospective Study Director Don Otter and is currently at the protocol development stage. Biosensor technology can provide an alternative approach to IgG analysis, and an antibody-based optical method is also slated for collaborative study under Study Director Leyton Gapper. Where other organizations involved with method validation are active in these analyte areas, it may be timely to consider AOAC policy regarding joint adoption in order to avoid duplication of scarce scientific resources. Major difficulties may occur when validation protocols do not entirely meet the AOAC INTERNATIONAL, ISO 5725, and IUPAC harmonized protocols. Whether such studies need either to be repeated in full using OMA protocol, or perhaps, preferably, publish the method within OMA at a lower level of validation, requires clarification at the Official Methods Board level.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

A microprocessor-based tissue displacement monitor for in vitro quantification of knee capsule deformation.

The advantages of utilizing a microprocessor design kit as a central element in custom laboratory instrumentation are demonstrated in the design of a real-time, multiple point, tissue displacement monitor. The tissue sample to be monitored is submerged in a saline bath, through which perpendicular electric fields are alternately generated. Analog displacement data are generated by differentially amplifying the voltage between each of 4 sense electrodes attached to the tissue surface, and a reference electrode, positioned on the tissue surface central to the sense electrodes. The microprocessor unit is used to control field generation, to multiplex the sensing electrode signals through the analog signal processing electronics, and after analog-to-digital conversion, to scale and interface the digital displacement data to a host processor.

Amplifiers, Electronic↗

PubMed2001

Pain and dental implantology: sensory quantification and affective aspects. Part I: At the private dental office.

After an extensive review of the dental literature, few articles were found related to pain and implantology. Management of orofacial pain has traditionally been a difficult challenge for the dental-medical profession. Patients may be afraid of dental pain, particularly in cases of dental implantology. Therefore, a study to obtain more conclusive data was developed. Taking into account that the perception of pain and the threshold of pain vary among individuals, a 2-year clinical study was established in private practice utilizing a verbal method (double-blind). The study was used to quantify sensory and affective aspects of pain associated with dental implantology on 75 patients in a private dental office. All of the implants were placed by the same clinician. Data were recorded following a Pain Data Sheet designed for this particular study. The aim of this study was to obtain different aspects of data as follows: 1) Fear of the dentist and fear of dental implant procedures utilizing a descriptive scale of 1 to 10, with 1 indicative of no fear. 2) Dental areas and ridges: Dental pain, pain in edentulous areas, and pain in the implanted area utilizing a scale of 0 to 8, with 0 indicative of no pain. 3) Function and pain: during mastication, swallowing, speech, yawning, opening, closing, and lateral excursions and indication of cervical pain or back pain, each calibrated by the presence or absence of pain. 4) Palpation and pain of the temporomandibular joint, the temporal muscle, the area of the pterygoid muscles, masseter muscle, and sternocleidomastoid muscle, all calibrated on the indication of presence or absence of pain. 5) Others: ear pain, neuralgia, headaches, edema, and hematoma, calibrated on the basis of presence or absence. The aforementioned factors were evaluated immediately before surgery and after surgery, at 24 hours, and during a follow up for a period of 2 years at intervals of 1 week; 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months; and 1 and 2 years after surgery. Also recorded were the uses of presurgical and postsurgical medication at the first and second surgical phases, age, sex, buccal opening, number and position of implants, previous dental experiences, and the psychological preparation for dental implant treatment. The results of the statistical analysis indicate no correlation between pain and dental implantology procedures, in a private dental practice, at the level of significance of P > .001.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) in aseptic loosening of total hip replacement (THR).

The chronic inflammatory response to abrasion particles from total hip replacement (THR) is believed to cause osteolysis and to contribute to prosthetic loosening. The expression of interleukin-11(IL-11) and its major cellular sources in the interface and pseudocapsular tissues obtained from total hip revisions performed for aseptic loosening were investigated. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) and alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) methods were used for staining and VIDAS image analysis for quantification. IL-11 was found in the interface and pseudocapsular tissues in the aseptic loosening of THR. IL-11 containing cells were more numerous in the interface (760 +/- 171 cells) and pseudocapsular tissues (684 +/- 171 cells) than in the control synovial tissue (235 +/- 68 cells). Because IL-11 is an important component of cytokine network mediating osteoblast-osteoclast communication in normal and pathological bone remodeling, the current findings suggest that IL-11 may contribute to periprosthetic osteolysis and to the loosening of THR.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

A quantitative system for staging avascular necrosis.

Much of the current confusion and contradiction on the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head is caused by the lack of an agreed efficient, quantitative system for evaluation and staging. We have used a new system to evaluate over 1000 hips with avascular necrosis during a period of 12 years; it has proved to be very valuable. The system is based on the sequence of pathological events known to take place. It allows accurate quantification in both early and later stages, does not use older, invasive diagnostic procedures, and incorporates the newer techniques of bone scanning and MRI. Clinical records of pain and reduced function are not a specific part of the system, although they help to determine treatment and outcome. Hips are first placed into one of seven stages from 0 to VI, based upon the type of radiological change. The extent of involvement is then measured. This allows more accurate evaluation of progression or resolution and better comparison of different methods of management. The system also helps to provide a prognosis and to decide on the best available method of treatment.

Disease Progression↗

PubMed2004

[Vascularized fibular transplant for avascular necrosis of the femoral head: 16 cases].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We report our experience with vascularized fibular transplant using the technique described by Urbaniak for the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen patients, mean age 39 years 4 months at surgery, were evaluated at mean 3 years 6 months follow-up (minimum 15 months). Mean pain score (analog visual scale) was 6.25/10. Mean Postel-Merle-d'Aubigné (PMA) function score was 12. The Ficat classification was grade 2A (n=9) or grade 2B (n=7). RESULTS: There were no cases of infection or migration of the fibula. The only complication at the donor site was one case of paresia of the long extensor of the hallux which resolved spontaneously. There were five failures which required a hip prosthesis (31%). Three failures occurred early during the first 18 months. Two were late. These patients had grade 2B (n=4) or grade 2A (n=1) necrosis. At last follow-up, eleven hips had not required prosthetic revision (69%). The pain score improved in 81% of patients: mean score=2.3. Nine patients were satisfied or very satisfied (81%). Among these eleven hips, function was good or excellent in eight (72%). Walking distance was improved in nine patients, unchanged in one and worse in one. Joint motion improved in nine patients, was unchanged in one and decreased in one. Nine patients resumed their full-time job. Mean sick leave was 13.3 months. Radiographically, only two of the initial Ficat grade 2A hips remained at this stage. Likewise only one of the three hips initially rated grade 2B remained at this stage. Overall radiographic results were: failure (n=5), worsening (n=9), stabilization and no improvement (n=2). Among the nine 2A hips, one was converted to a total hip prosthesis and five femoral heads remained spheric. Among the seven 2B hips, four were converted to a total hip prosthesis and two femoral heads collapsed. DISCUSSION: At mean follow-up (3.5 years), 69% of the hips had not required total hip arthroplasty. The grade 2A hips did better but the small sample size did not allow statistical comparison. There was a clear discordance between the clinical presentation and the radiographic findings among the hips which were not treated with a prosthesis: good function score, maintained occupational and daily life activities contrasting with unfavorable radiographic evolution. Results could be improved by detailed quantification of the lesion using 3D imaging and by associating intraoperative navigation.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Chemiluminescent simultaneous determination of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide and phosphatidylethanolamine hydroperoxide in the liver and brain of the rat.

The quantification of phospholipid hydroperoxides in biological tissues is important in order to know the degree of peroxidative damage of membrane lipids. For this purpose, optimal conditions for the chemiluminescent simultaneous assay of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and phosphatidylethanolamine hydroperoxide (PEOOH) in rat liver and brain were determined. A chemiluminescence detection-high performance liquid chromatography (CL-HPLC) method that incorporates cytochrome c and luminol as a post-column hydroperoxide-specific luminescent reagent was used (Miyazawa et al. 1987. Anal. Lett. 20: 915-925; Miyazawa. 1989. Free Radical Biol. Med. 7: 209-217). An n-propylamine-bound silica column with hexane-2-propanol-methanol-water 5:7:2:1 (v/v/v/v) (flow rate 1.0 ml/min) as eluant was used to determine both PCOOH and PEOOH, which were separated from each other and from other lipids and lipid-soluble antioxidants. High reproducibility and sensitivity as low as 10 pmol hydroperoxide-O2 were observed with a mixture of 10 micrograms/ml cytochrome c and 2 micrograms/ml luminol in 50 mM borate buffer (pH 10.0, flow rate 1.1 ml/min) as luminescent reagent and a post-column mixing joint temperature of 40 degrees C. Using the established analytical conditions, it was confirmed that both PCOOH (1324 +/- 122 pmol/g liver, 114 +/- 18 pmol/g brain, mean +/- SD) and PEOOH (728 +/- 89 pmol/g liver, 349 +/- 60 pmol/g brain, mean +/- SD) are present in the liver and brain of Sprague-Dawley rats bred on a slightly modified AIN-76A semisynthetic diet for 3 months. The phospholipid hydroperoxide content in the rat liver was shown to be affected by dietary oils, but not significantly affected in the brain.

Animals↗