[Abortion in the 2d trimester by extra-amniotic infusion. Description of 149 cases].
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Reported in this paper are 359 abortion patients and 550 women with normal pregnancy from whom serum PZ (pregnancy zone protein), SP3, PAG, was determined, between 1974 and 1979. Serum PZ failed to enable any safe prognostic assessment of endangerment to early pregnancy. Evaluable diagnostic information was found to be not obtainable before the tenth week of pregnancy. Any drop of data below the critical limit of 200 mg/l must be taken to indicate with high probability that pregnancy is no longer intact.
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In a review of 250 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there were 24 pregnancies among 18 women. Of these, there were 16 completed pregnancies, 1 stillbirth, 1 spontaneous abortion, and 6 therapeutic abortions. Fetal loss, excluding therapeutic abortion, was 16.6%. Of the 13 patients with active disease at conception, SLE remained active in 11, and became inactive in 2. Of the 11 women with inactive disease at conception, disease remained inactive in 10. Even in the cases of previously serious renal or central nervous system involvement, inactive disease at conception was not associated with disease recurrence. Such patients may attempt pregnancy with favorable prognosis for both mother and child.
In Nairobi, 281 women presenting with alleged miscarriage were subdivided in the following subgroups, 91 spontaneous abortions (group 1), 152 suspected induced abortions (group 2) and 38 admittedly induced abortions (group 3). In the statistical analysis women in group 1 were compared with women from groups 2 and 3 combined (here referred to as group 4). Group 4 differed significantly from group 1 in the following respects: they were younger (p = 0.03) although they had previously born more babies (p = 0.008), lived more often together with their parents (p = 0.024), were less often married (p = 0.000012), worked more often as housewives (p = 0.00079), and lived in bigger households (p = 0.000015). No significant differences were encountered regarding religious beliefs. Group 4 women were more informed about contraceptives than group 1 (p = 0.04), particularly regarding injectables (p = 0.000096) and oral contraceptives (p = 0.0013) but also intra uterine devices (p = 0.024). Almost 90% of group 4 women indicated post abortion contraceptive interest, while only 1/3 of group 1 women did so. Group 3 women needed extensive parenteral treatment with a total hospital treatment cost amounting to 300 times that of group 1. The total cost of intravenous infusions was almost 10 times as high in group 3 as in group 1. The total number of days in hospital was significantly higher in group 4 than in group 1 (p = 0.0098).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
UNLABELLED: We investigated the use of oral mifepristone (RU486) for the induction of natural expulsion in women with spontaneously interrupted pregnancy in the first trimester in a double blind placebo controlled study against placebo. 46 women consulting for interrupted pregnancy diagnosed at ultrasound with no clinical sign of miscarriage were included in the trial. Main outcome measures were occurrence of natural expulsion, frequency of complete expulsion need for subsequent surgical evacuation, analgesia and need for transfusion. Natural expulsion occurred within 5 days in 82% patients receiving treatment versus 8% placebo treated patients (p < 0.001). All patients experienced bleeding after RU486 and 2 needed emergency aspiration for haemorrhagic expulsion. The treatment failed in 4 patients who underwent evacuation under local anesthesia. In the control group 19 patients underwent evacuation under local (n = 9) or general (n = 11) anesthesia. CONCLUSION: A standard oral pilot dose of 600 mg of Mifepristone induces natural expulsion in 82% women with non developing first trimester intra-uterine pregnancies.
The present paper is intended to assess the amount of fetomaternal transfusion in the first and second half of pregnancy, in the peripartal phase as well as in abortion and interruption. The findings of our investigations show that the obtained values of HbF cell invasion approximately correspond to the invasion values in the postpartal phase and call for general immunoprophylaxis in Rh-negative women.
A rare case of an unruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy is reported. This patient had a dilatation and curettage for an incomplete abortion and no products of conception were revealed in the histology specimen. A repeat ultrasound scan detected an ectopic pregnancy. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of an unruptured ovarian pregnancy. The problems with the diagnosis and the management of this case are discussed.
A review of the notification of congenital syphilis at Johannesburg Hospital from 1 May 1991 to 30 April 1992 was conducted to evaluate the effect of the recently introduced notification programme. A total of 209 Wassermann reaction (WR)-positive mothers were delivered during this time; 12 pregnancies (5.7%) resulted in stillbirths and 8 (3.8%) in incomplete abortions, and there were 2 (0.96%) early neonatal deaths. Only 45 (21.5%) of this group of WR-positive mothers had received antenatal care, and of these 9 (20%) had had adequately documented treatment. There were thus 200 potentially notifiable cases of congenital syphilis according to the Centers for Disease Control classification, of which 24 (12.0%) were actually notified. The goals of the notification programme, namely to increase awareness of congenital syphilis among health care providers and to evaluate the extent of the problem accurately, are clearly not being met.
Tiapride (Tiapridal, Delagrange), a dopaminergic D2 receptor blocking agent having anxiolytic, sedative, antiemetic and analgesic properties was compared with metoclopramide and placebo in a randomized double-blind trial to determine its effects on post-operative nausea, vomiting, and sedation. The agents were given intravenously immediately before induction of anaesthesia to 75 women scheduled for minor elective gynaecological surgery. A standardized anaesthetic technique was used in all the patients. In the recovery room anti-emetic and sedative effects of tiapride and metoclopramide were similar and significantly better (P < 0.001) than placebo. In the ward at the end of 5 h anti-emetic (P < 0.05), and sedative (P < 0.01) effects of tiapride were significantly better than both metoclopramide and placebo.
Report on the treatment of 310 anovulatory woment in 1173 treatment cycles with Clomiphen, Cyclofenil and Epimestrol. 63% of the patients had a biphasic basal body temperature record after treatment in 718 cycles. Patients with secondary amenorrhea of the first or the second degree had a satisfactory ovulation rate in 71% of the cases only by treatment with Clomiphen. In women with anovulatory cycles an overall ovulation rate of 75% was observed with all three medications. In 73 patients 78 pregnancies occurred. Of these, 38 pregnancies followed Cyclofenil, 25 pregnancies followed Clomiphen and 15 pregnancies followed Epimestrol corresponding to a 15%, 17% and 13% rate in the treated patients. 22 of these pregnancies ended in incomplete abortion. The side effects of Clomiphen especially visual and cystic ovarian and vasomotor side effects are more pronounced than the side effects of Cyclofenil and Epimestrol. The statistical analysis of the clinical results showed that Clomiphen and Cyclofenil had a higher rate of ovulation in secondary amenorrhea of the first or second degree than Epimestrol.
A 24 year old Nigerian woman with cervical pregnancy, a very rare type of ectopic pregnancy, is presented. The disorder can be life-threatening and usually there is difficulty in differentiating it from the cervical phase of an incomplete abortion as well as bleeding cervical fibroid. Ultrasound scan has been found helpful in the diagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy. The conservative management and the possible alternative surgical management, based on the clinical presentation, are discussed.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare use-effectiveness and side-effects of medical termination of early pregnancy by oral administration of separated doses of mifepristone 150 mg or single dose of mifepristone 200 mg followed by PG05 1 mg vaginally in 4500 healthy pregnant women with amenorrhea < or = 49 days in a phase I multicentre study. METHODS: All subjects were recruited in 30 clinics after obtaining informed consents. RESULTS: The complete, incomplete abortion and continuous pregnancy rates were 88.6%, 8.1%, 1.7% and 92.0%, 5.8%, 0.8% in single dose and separated doses groups, respectively. The efficacy of termination of early pregnancy by mifepristone 150 mg in separated doses was higher than that in single dose of mifepristone 200 mg when both in combination with PG05 1 mg (P < 0.01). One case of allergic rash was noted after administration of mifepristone. No severe side-effects were observed except bleeding problems. 65 cases received emergency vacuum aspiration and 7 of them received blood transfusion due to heavy bleeding. In addition, 2 cases of ectopic pregnancies required blood transfusion as heavy bleeding caused by exfetation disruption. There was no significant difference in to the time to start bleeding and the days of bleeding lasted between two treatment groups. However, there was a significant positive correlation (P < 0.001) between diameters of SAC and the days of bleeding lasted. CONCLUSIONS: Logistic regression analysis suggested that subject's age, gravidity and days of amenorrhea have significant effects on abortion efficacy. 75.2% of subjects are satisfactory in self-assessment of the treatment, and 81.8% of subjects will choose medical abortion method in case they need to terminate undesired early pregnancy in the future.
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