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Results for “Feeding Behavior”

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PubMed1985

Movement and non-movement related pallidal unit activity during bar press feeding behavior in the monkey.

Activity was recorded from 358 neurons in the globus pallidus (GP) of monkeys (Macaca fuscata) during an operant feeding task consisting of 3 stages: (1) food or non-food presentation (1st stage); (2) bar pressing (2nd stage); and (3) food acquisition and ingestion (3rd stage). There were two kinds of neurons, one with high and the other with very low (almost silent), spontaneous firing rates. Two hundred and four neurons (57%) responded in one or more of the feeding stages. Of the 21 neurons which responded in the 1st stage, two responded selectively to food presentation, and 19 responded to both food and non-food visual presentation. One hundred and seventy-four neurons (49%) and 107 neurons (30%) responded in the 2nd and 3rd stages, respectively, and 106 (30%) of these were directly related to specific feeding motor acts such as arm extension, flexion, bar pressing, grasping, chewing etc. Both high and low firing neurons responded to motor acts with sharp or gradual onset. More than half of those that responded to arm extension showed laterality (contra or ipsi)- and function (extension or flexion)-dependent responses. The incidence of the motor related neurons was higher in the caudodorsal part of the GP. On the other hand, about one third, especially in the rostroventral part of the GP, showed dissociating responses in that they responded during bar pressing for food or during ingestion in an operant task, but not during bar pressing for non-food or during forcible ingestion. The magnitude of firing changes during arm extension and bar pressing depended on the nature of the food. Moreover, in trials using new food or false (model) food, firing changes during bar press appeared or disappeared within a few trials with no correlation to bar press movement. These data suggest heterogeneous functions within the GP; the caudodorsal part is strictly concerned with motor execution and preparation, while the rostroventral part is not related to motor function directly, but may rather be important in coupling internal, motivational information to the motor system.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Diversity of feeding behavior of Glossina palpalis palpalis in the forest belt of the Ivory Coast: relation to the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis].

The feeding habits of Glossina palpalis palpalis, the main vector of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) were retrospectively analysed using data collected between 1984 and 1994 in five areas in the forest belt in the mid-west of Côte d'Ivoire. The authors compare the feeding habits of the vector in these different foci. This analysis is aimed at determining if there is any relationship between the feeding pattern of tsetse-flies and the prevalence rates of HAT. The feeding pattern was measured using two indices: the conventional index of Shannon and Weaver (Ish) and a new one, the zoophily/anthropophily index (Za). The latter is an estimate of the ratio of the percentage of animal blood meals divided by the percentage of human blood meals. There was no correlation between apparent density and prevalence rate. A high Ish and a high Za were observed in the foci of Vavoua, Zoukougbeu and Sinfra where prevalence rates of HAT were high. Conversely, a low Ish and a low Za were observed in the hypoendemic areas of Daniafla and Gagnoa. Both indices are highly but not significantly correlated with prevalence rates. The Za index seemed to be more strongly correlated to the disease rate as compared to the Ish index. The epidemiological significance of these observations is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Feeding behavior and growth of turkey poults fed larvae of the darkling beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus.

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding larvae of the darkling beetle (lesser mealworm), Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) [Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae], to turkey poults on poult growth and of beak trimming on poult feeding on the larvae. Young turkey poults readily fed on the larvae and exhibited reduced growth in the absence of other feed. Poults 3 to 5 d old restricted to a diet of only larvae consumed 259 +/- 99 (+/- SD) larvae per poult per day and their body weights were significantly lower (mean = 30 g) at the end of the 3 d than for poults on starter feed during the same time. After return to starter feed for 16 d after feeding on larvae for 3 d, the poults did not compensate for the weight loss although weight gains were normal. Poults from 2 through 10 d of age were given a choice between starter turkey feed and darkling beetle larvae. The numbers of larvae consumed per poult per day were: 174 +/- 8 for Days 2 to 4, 221 +/- 3 for Days 5 to 7, and 189 +/- 80 for Days 8 to 10. There was no significant difference between the body weight of poults feeding on larvae and starter feed compared with that of poults consuming feed only. In the presence of larvae, the mean feed consumption per poult was lower than for poults provided with only starter feed. The beetle larvae were 68% crude protein and 21% fat (DM basis) and had higher amounts of 18 amino acids than the starter feed. Poults that were beak trimmed consumed only about one-third as many larvae as poults with intact beaks. Poults (1 to 3 d old) with intact beaks consumed 169 +/- 20 larvae per poult per day; poults with trimmed beaks consumed 58 +/- 23 larvae per poult per day.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1995

Feeding behavior and growth of broiler chicks fed larvae of the darkling beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus.

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding larvae of the darkling beetle (lesser mealworm), Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to broiler chicks on chick growth. Chicks readily fed on the larvae and exhibited reduced growth in the absence of other feed. Chicks 3 to 8 d old restricted to a diet of only larvae consumed 1,552 +/- 172 (mean +/- SD) larvae per chick per day and their body weights were significantly less (mean = 84 g) at the end of the 6 d than for chicks on starter feed during the same time. After return to starter feed for 8 d after feeding on larvae for 6 d, the chicks did not compensate for the reduced weight and their body weights were significantly less (mean = 170 g) than for chicks on starter feed for the 14 d. Chicks from age 2 through 9 d were given a choice between broiler starter feed and darkling beetle larvae. The numbers (mean +/- SD) of larvae consumed per chick per day were: 389 +/- 18, 631 +/- 14, 496 +/- 20, and 287 +/- 33, for Days 2 to 3, 4 to 5, 6 to 7, and 8 to 9, respectively. The body weight of chicks feeding on starter feed and larvae was significantly greater than the weight of chicks consuming feed only. In the presence of larvae, the mean feed consumption per chick was less than for chicks provided with only starter feed. The beetle larvae were 68% crude protein and 21% fat (DM basis) and had higher amounts of 18 amino acids than the starter feed.

Animal Feed↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A neurochemical analysis of the substance P-induced reordering of the feeding behavior evoked by electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus].

The substance P when administered intracerebroventricularly (15 nmol) led to a transformation of feeding elicited by threshold electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus into an escape reaction in rabbits. Obsidan, Inderal (0.25 and 0.5 mg) and droperidol (0.3 mg) injected intravenously were found to restore the functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding centre. No changes in the escape reaction were observed after kalipsol (ketaminum) administration. The data obtained suggest the important role of the catecholaminergic brain structures in the mechanisms of the transformation of the functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding centre under the influence of the substance P.

Animals↗

PubMed1974