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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Differences in cell proliferation and prognostic significance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 antigen immunoreactivity in in situ and invasive carcinomas of the extrahepatic biliary tract.

BACKGROUND: Cell proliferative activity is an important indicator of growth and behavior of various human tumors. Immunostaining of tissue sections with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 antibodies appears to be reliable in the assessment of tumor cell proliferation. This study examined differences in cell kinetics between neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions of the gallbladder and biliary tract using an antibody against PCNA and Ki-67. METHODS: There were a total of 27 cancer cases comprising patients with invasive carcinoma of the gallbladder (n = 13), common bile duct (n = 5) and ampulla of Vater (n = 8). Cases of chronic cholecystitis (n = 11) from the nonneoplastic group; carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the gallbladder (n = 4) and ampulla (n = 6) from the noninvasive group. Cell cycle activity was determined in sections of routinely formalin fixed, paraffin processed, biopsy material using immunohistochemical stains for the monoclonal PCNA, PC10, KI-67, and MIB-1. The expression of PCNA and MIB-1 in these conditions was determined by calculating the percentage of cell nuclei that stained positively to obtain the PCNA and MIB-1 indices, respectively. RESULTS: The PCNA and MIB-1 indices in chronic cholecystitis were significantly lower than those obtained in both moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder (P < 0.001). Similarly, cases of ampullary and gallbladder CIS had significantly lower PCNA and MIB-1 indices than the invasive carcinoma cases (P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between PCNA and MIB-1 expression (r = 0.828, r2 = 0.686; P = 0.001), although the PCNA index was generally higher than that of MIB-1. The poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder had higher mean PCNA and MIB-1 indices but reduced patient survival when compared with the moderately differentiated carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, gallbladder, ampulla, and common bile duct carcinomas have significantly higher PCNA and MIB-1 indices than CIS and nonneoplastic lesions. Because tumors with higher PCNA or MIB-1 indices are associated with a poorer prognosis, both PCNA and MIB-1 may be useful markers of tumor cell proliferative activity and biologic behavior in gallbladder, ampullary, and common bile duct carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

An unusual position of the gallbladder following nephrectomy for large neoplasms.

The cases of two children are presented in whom the gallbladder was found to lie in an unusual position in the ipsilateral renal fossa following nephrectomy for large neoplasms. This postoperative visceral position must be recognized, as the appearance on cross-sectional imaging can mimic postoperative fluid collections at the resection site or tumor recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Truncoumbilical bypass of the portal vein in radical resection of biliary tract tumour involving the hepatic duct confluence.

Before combined resection of the right hepatic lobe and the hepatoduodenal ligament, an autogenous external iliac vein was interposed between the root of the portal vein trunk and the umbilical portion of the vein in four patients with biliary tract tumour. The left hepatic arterial pathway was preserved, except in one case in whom resection of this artery was followed by reconstruction. This procedure allowed successful and safe extended right hepatic lobe resection and combined en bloc resection of the hepatoduodenal ligament while preserving hepatic blood perfusion.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1987

Carcinoid tumor of the biliary system. Case report and literature review.

Work-up of a 62-year-old black male, with a complaint of low back pain for three months, revealed a mass in the porta hepatis, narrowing of the common hepatic duct, and dilated intrahepatic bile ducts. A 3 X 4-cm tumor in the common hepatic duct was excised and biliary continuity restored by hepaticojejunostomy. The excised mass was a carcinoid tumor with no evidence of secretory activity. The patient is well 24.5 months after treatment. The literature on carcinoid tumors of the biliary tract is reviewed.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Importance of the falciform ligament, ligamentum teres and splenic hilus in the spread of malignancy as demonstrated by computed tomography.

Computed tomographic detection of significantly large (greater than 1.5 cm) transcoelomic secondary malignant serosal deposits is discussed. Attention is drawn to the importance of the falciform ligament, ligamentum teres, and splenic hilus as sites of secondary deposits. An anatomical explanation is presented for the detection of these findings on computed tomography.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Staging and follow-up of gastrointestinal tumors with PET/CT.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional imaging modality that has been documented to be useful in patient care. Oncologic PET imaging is used for a wide variety of neoplasms, mainly for staging and follow-up, differentiation of equivocal morphologic findings, therapy stratification, and monitoring. Because PET imaging is based on the physiologically mediated distribution of the administered tracer but not on anatomic information, the addition of computed tomography (CT) to PET may improve the interpretation of PET. Combined PET and CT offers several potential advantages over PET alone that may influence the clinical routine. PET/CT was introduced into clinical use only 3 years ago and has found widespread application within only 1 to 2 years. This article summarizes preliminary data of clinical applications for PET/CT in gastrointestinal tumors.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

p53 gene mutations and overexpression of p53 product in cancerous and noncancerous biliary epithelium in patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction.

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the high incidence of carcinogenesis in the biliary epithelium of patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction, we examined p53 gene mutations, loss of heterozygosity of p53, and overexpression of p53 gene product in the cancerous and noncancerous biliary epithelium of 27 patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Mutations of the p53 gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism and a direct sequencing method. Loss of heterozygosity of the p53 gene was determined using a double-targeted fluorescence in situ hybridization method. Expression of p53 gene product was examined using immunohistochemical staining. Mutations of the p53 gene were found in 4 of 5 biliary carcinomas (80%) and in 10 of 26 noncancerous biliary lesions (38.5%). Point mutations of the p53 gene were detected at codons 207, 212, and 217 on exons 5 through 8. The incidence of p53 gene mutations on exons 5, 6, 7, and 8 was 12. 9%, 36.4%, 0.0%, and 13.8%, respectively. Loss of heterozygosity of p53 was shown in 72% of the cells obtained from the cancerous lesion, and in an average of 14% obtained from the noncancerous lesions. Overexpression of p53 protein was found in 57.1% of carcinoma, and in 31.3% of the noncancerous lesions. These results suggest that p53 gene mutations are involved in the carcinogenesis of biliary epithelium in patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis; predictors and consequences of hepatobiliary malignancy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatobiliary malignancies are frequently seen in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and they complicate the evaluation of patients and timing of liver transplantation. METHODS: Data from all Nordic PSC patients listed for liver transplantation during 1990-2001 were recorded prospectively. Predictors of hepatobiliary malignancy and patient survival rates have been analysed. RESULTS: Hepatobiliary malignancy was found in 52/255 (20%) patients accepted to the waiting list. Recent diagnosis of PSC, no ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment, clinical suspicion and previous colorectal-cancer were predictors of malignancy. Among 89 patients with a strong suspicion of malignancy prior to acceptance, 35 (39%) had confirmed malignancy. A clinical suspicion had been raised in 35/52 (67%) patients with malignancy. Malignancy was found in 31/223 patients who received a liver allograft. The 1-, 3- and 5-year patient survival rates following transplantation for patients with PSC and cholangiocarcinoma were 65, 35 and 35%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatobiliary malignancy is suspected in 1/3 of the PSC patients and found in 1/5. Although cholangiocarcinoma is regarded as a contraindication to liver transplantation (LTX), PSC patients with cholangiocarcinoma had a 35% 5-year survival following transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Other tumors.

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Bile Duct Neoplasms↗