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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Clinical pharmacokinetics of cefamandole and ceftazidime administered by continuous intravenous infusion.

In view of the results of animal studies as well as theoretical considerations, continuous administration of beta-lactam antibiotics should be superior to intermittent administration because of the close relationship between efficacy and the duration of time in which the concentration of unbound antibiotics in plasma remains above the MIC. The aim of the present study was to establish the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefamandole and ceftazidime for patients receiving these cephalosporins by continuous infusion. The interindividual differences in the concentrations in plasma at the steady state were mainly attributable to variations in renal function, as estimated by the rate of creatinine clearance. Using these results, we derived formulas for both cephalosporins that can be used to determine on an individual basis the total daily dose needed to obtain a therapeutic concentration in plasma. These formulas were tested with a group of subsequent patients and proved to be practical and fairly reliable. For some patients, a correction for a possible underestimation of the renal clearance at presentation might be required.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Continuous intravenous infusions of famotidine maintain high intragastric pH in duodenal ulcer.

Three double blind crossover studies were carried out to assess the ability of primed infusions of famotidine to raise intragastric pH over 24 hours in 12 duodenal ulcer patients. pH was measured continuously using intragastric electrodes and solid state recording devices. The studies compared the effects of placebo, famotidine 10 mg bolus injection iv followed by continuous infusions of 3.2 mg/h and 4 mg/h in random order. Gastric acidity decreased significantly with both dose regimens (p less than 0.0005) but the effects of either dosage were similar. During fasting median pH rose from 1.35 to 7.1 and 7.05 respectively. During the day, when standard meals were taken, median pH rose from 1.30 to 4.3 and 3.65 respectively. Despite continuous infusions the H2-antagonist was less effective during this time. The latter finding raises questions about gastric secretory control during the day when food is eaten.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ganzfeld electroretinographic findings in parkinsonism: untreated patients and the effect of levodopa intravenous infusion.

Two groups of patients with primary Parkinsonism were studied with the ganzfeld electroretinogram (ERG): seven patients who had never received dopamimetic agents, and six patients given an infusion of levodopa following a period of medication withdrawal. Patients in the first category had a subtle increase in the latency of their short-wavelength sensitive cone response recorded from the retina ipsilateral to their more symptomatic side. Most patients in the second category demonstrate an improvement in their ERG when the responses recorded following levodopa infusion were compared with baseline responses obtained during the period of medication withdrawal. These results suggest that one role of retinal dopamine may be maintenance of normal retinal responsiveness to flash stimuli.

Electroretinography↗