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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Teaching cultural competency through narrative medicine: intersections of classroom and community.

BACKGROUND: Cultural competency and narrative medicine are perspectives that assist medical educators in teaching effective, empathetic communication and service delivery to a variety of patients. PURPOSE/METHODS: In this article, we describe a unique educational activity at the crossroads of these perspectives in which pediatric residents participated in a monthly reading and discussion group with staff members of an inner-city Dominican American community organization. RESULTS: By discussing a literary text rather than cases and facilitating discussions with particular attention to power, not only were historic conflicts between the groups circumvented, but an environment was created in which discussants drew heavily from personal and professional experiences. Qualitative evaluation of both groups revealed improved self-reported understanding of (a) issues of cultural diversity, (b) issues of medical culture, and (c) physicians' attitudes and behaviors in practice. CONCLUSION: Methodologies drawing from cultural competency and narrative medicine can be used to help physicians work in multidisciplinary, multicultural teams in and out of the medical institution.

Attitude↗
PubMed1996

The intersection of risk assessment and neurobehavioral toxicity.

Neurobehavioral toxicology is now established as a core discipline of the environmental health sciences. Despite its recognized scientific prowess, stemming from its deep roots in psychology and neuroscience and its acknowledged successes, it faces additional demands and challenges. The latter, in fact, are a product of its achievements because success at one level leads to new and higher expectations. Now the discipline is counted upon to provide more definitive and extensive risk assessments than in the past. These new demands are the basis for the appraisals presented in the SGOMSEC 11 workshop. They extend beyond what would be offered in a primer of methodology. Instead, these appraisals are framed as issues into which what are usually construed as methodologies have been embedded.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Sister outsider, or "just another thing I am": intersections of cultural and sexual identities in Australia.

This article originates from a radio project titled Muff Divas and Drag Queens that investigated a wide range of gay and lesbian histories in the state of New South Wales. The project produced two half-hour radio programs that were broadcast nationally on community radio stations in February 1996 to coincide with Sydney's annual month-long Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras Festival, the premier event on Australia's queer cultural calendar. Of the two documentaries produced, the first addressed 30 years of queer culture in New South Wales while the second explored our diverse identities as lesbians and gay men. This paper draws extensively on material collected for the second program. Muff Divas and Drag Queens was funded under the Literature and History Program of the New South Wales Government's Ministry for the Arts, with support from the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras cultural program and Sydney community radio station 2SER.FM.

Australia↗
PubMed1994

Allocation of resources at the bedside: the intersections of economics, law, and ethics.

In the preceding article, Mehlman and Massey examine possible legal responses to the issues that confront physicians faced with treating patients who have insufficient financial resources. This commentary explores the same issues from the perspective of ethics, including a comparison of the way law and ethics interpret the physician-patient relationship, the ethical obligations of physicians that are inherent in that relationship, and the propriety of Mehlman and Massey's legal and ethical proposals to ameliorate physicians' conflicting obligations in providing or withholding care on grounds of conservation of society's resources.

Beneficence↗
PubMed2000

On the intersection of casuistry and particularism.

A comparison of casuistry with the strain of particularism developed by John McDowell and David Wiggins suggest that casuistry is susceptible to two very different mistakes. First, as sometimes developed, casuistry tends toward an implausible rigidity and systematization of moral knowledge. Particularism offers a corrective to this error. Second, however, casuistry tends sometimes to present moral knowledge as insufficiently systematized: It often appears to hold that moral deliberation is merely a kind of perception. Such a perceptual model of deliberation cannot offer a convincing account of the possibility of moral progress. This second problem is one to which particularism is itself prone. To redress it, other aspects of casuistry must be exploited: Casuistry contains an account of presumptive generalizations that explains how moral deliberation might be structured by rules while also depending at critical junctures on perception.

Bioethics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The intersection of biotechnology and pharmacogenomics: health policy implications.

Increasing knowledge of the genetic basis of disease is changing the landscape of health care. Two critical aspects are growth in biotechnology and growth in personalized health care, particularly targeting medicines based on genetic information (pharmacogenomics). This paper provides an overview of the health policy implications of the integration of biotechnology and pharmacogenomics. I examine four factors that determine whether relevant technologies will be successfully adopted, using case studies for illustration. Key policy challenges include determining the appropriate role of policy in (1) providing incentives to develop socially beneficial interventions and (2) facilitating development of the evidence base.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed2005

Bordetella pertussis: the intersection of genomics and pathobiology.

There has been much recent concern over an increasing incidence of pertussis despite high levels of vaccine coverage of infants. Many reports have documented that much of the increased incidence is due to infection in adolescents and adults. This renewal of interest in pertussis comes at a time when the findings of the Bordetella genome project have led to a quantum leap forward in our understanding of the biology, evolution and pathogenesis of the bacterium responsible for the disease. The impact of this basic research on current clinical problems posed by B. pertussis infection is discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1999

Galectins: a key intersection between glycobiology and immunology.

Galectins are a family of evolutionarily conserved animal lectins, widely distributed from lower invertebrates to mammals. They share sequence and structure similarities in the carbohydrate recognition domain and specificity for polylactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates. In the last few years significant experimental data have been accumulated concerning their participation in different biological processes requiring carbohydrate recognition such as cell adhesion, cell growth regulation, inflammation, immunomodulation, apoptosis and metastasis. In the present review we will discuss some exciting questions and advances in galectin research, highlighting the significance of these proteins in immunological processes and their implications in biomedical research, disease diagnosis and clinical intervention. Designing novel therapeutic strategies based on carbohydrate recognition will provide answers for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, inflammatory processes, allergic reactions and tumor spreading.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2006

Interspecific hybridization in ants: at the intersection of ecology, evolution, and behavior.

Ants are social and are haplodiploid. This combination may allow the evolution of a variety of unusual genetic pathways to achieve reproductive success. These include hybridizing across species, differential use of sperm to create a hybrid worker population, and reproductively isolated gene pools that depend on each other for their survival. Although there are demonstrable costs for colony development and reproduction, these phenomena may nevertheless be relatively common in nature. The specific ecological advantages that favor the evolution of these reproductive modes remain to be discovered.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Novel aspects of annexin 1 and glucocorticoid biology: intersection with nitric oxide and the lipoxin receptor.

This review will emphasize the concept of anti-inflammation and propose that better understanding of the resolution phase of the inflammatory response organized by the host against inflammatory insults can lead to the identification of novel targets for drug development. Under the umbrella of anti-inflammation, we discuss here recent discoveries in the biology of annexin 1 and glucocorticoids. The fact that annexin 1 and another anti-inflammatory mediator, lipoxin A4, converge onto a specific membrane receptor (termed ALX) might help understanding the resolution phase of inflammation, and strengthen the use of this target for innovative drug development. In addition, glucocorticoids (GC), historically linked to annexin 1, are widely use in the clinical control of several pathologies with an inflammatory etiology, though their use is often burdened by several side effects. The development of new GC with more specific or improved mechanisms, e.g. the nitro-steroids, would go along this wave and, potentially, could be of large applicability. The two mediators/targets here illustrated are to be taken as examples of the clues that the study of anti-inflammation might give to the pharmaceutical industry for innovative drug discovery.

Animals↗