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At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Dental erosion. Definition, classification and links.

An overview of tooth wear, i.e. of non-carious destructive processes affecting the teeth including abrasion, demastication, attrition, abfraction, resorption and erosion is presented. The nomenclature and classification of dental erosion commonly used in the dental literature are summarized. They are based on etiology (extrinsic, intrinsic, idiopathic), on clinical severity (Classes I to III), on pathogenetic activity (manifest, latent) or on localization (perimolysis). Interactions between erosion and abrasion, demastication, attrition, and abfraction as well as caries and low salivary flow rate are highlighted.

Acids↗
PubMed1997

Pulp calcifications in traumatized primary incisors. A morphological and inductive analysis study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate histopathological changes in primary teeth following trauma, and to look for possible correlations between the morphology of pulpal calcification and clinical findings. The material consisted of 123 primary teeth from 98 Danish children aged 9-108 months (mean age 33.5 +/- 19.7 months) at the time of injury. The specimens were analyzed by means of light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Data from the clinical investigation and from predetermined ranked parameters from the histological analysis were processed in a computerized inductive analysis program. The results, describing patterns of co-variation, are presented as a decision tree. The most common diagnosis was intrusion luxation (54%). In 41% of all teeth, the degree of obliteration was less than 1/4 of the pulpal lumen. In most cases (79%), no denticles were visible. When present, 80% of the denticles had a bone-like appearance. Tissues occluding the pulpal lumen were either dentin-like (49%), bone-like (19%), or fibrotic (9%). It could be concluded that these varying responses could not be correlated with explicit clinical diagnoses. However, in certain combinations, histological parameters could be correlated to clinical findings.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2004

Incidence of dental trauma associated with facial trauma in Brazil: a 1-year evaluation.

Dental trauma occurs frequently in young people, and mostly occurs in conjunction with facial trauma. In the literature, there are still few reports relating dental trauma, facial trauma, and soft-tissue injuries. This research aimed to evaluate: (i) the overall incidence of dental trauma in 340 patients who presented with facial trauma over a 1-year-period, (ii) the epidemiology of these related diseases, and (iii) the most common dental trauma when a facial trauma was present. Of all facial trauma, 15.29% presented dental trauma, of which luxations and avulsions were the most frequent injuries (40.30% each), occurring mainly on weekends (38.46%) and in October (15.38%), followed by March and June (13.46% each). The sex ratio presented the proportion of 3.3:1 (M:F). Trauma occurred mainly in the second decade (44.23%). These results highlight the high incidence of dental and facial trauma, and suggest the importance of the adoption of appropriate prevention protocols and effective therapeutic methods.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2004

Pulp canal obliteration in an unerupted permanent incisor following trauma to its primary predecessor: a case report.

Trauma to a primary tooth may result in damage to the underlying developing permanent tooth bud because of the close proximity between the root of the primary tooth and its permanent successor. We report an unusual case where injury to the primary dentition resulted in pulp canal obliteration (PCO) of a permanent maxillary central incisor prior to its eruption. The other permanent maxillary central incisor was diagnosed as malformed because of trauma to the primary dentition at an earlier age. The occurrences of PCO or crown malformation dose not routinely disrupt the eruption of those teeth. Periodic assessment is required to determine the need for endodontic intervention.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Potential efficacy of GTR and autogenous bone graft for autotransplantation to recipient sites with osseous defects: evaluation by re-entry procedure.

This clinical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) or autogenous bone graft for autotransplantation to recipient sites with an osseous defect, based on a substantial assessment of bone regeneration using a re-entry procedure. Three cases of autotransplantation of a wisdom tooth to the position of first molar, in which moderate to extensive bone loss at the buccal alveolar plate was observed, were studied. Each tooth was transplanted with no additional treatment, or in conjunction with GTR or autogenous bone graft. Four to 20 months after surgery, a re-entry procedure was performed to visually examine healing. When GTR membrane coverage or bone graft was used, previously absent alveolar bony plates regenerated and the initially exposed roots were covered with newly formed bone, while no bone formation was observed in the case without any additional procedure. These results demonstrate that both GTR and autogenous bone graft are beneficial for obtaining bone regeneration in autotransplantation to defective recipient sites, contributing to retaining space and excluding the contact of gingival connective tissue with periodontal ligaments.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Tooth splinting: a review of the literature and consideration of the versatility of a wire-composite splint.

The principles of tooth luxation splinting have been changed since the animal and human tests conducted in the early 1970s showed that masticatory stimulus promotes healing of luxated teeth and normally exerted occlusal forces are able to prevent and eliminate small resorption cavities on the root surface. It has also been shown that fixation of only one week is enough to achieve the clinical healing of repositioned teeth. Apart from esthetic and hygienic components, present-day demands on tooth fixation techniques also include ease of construction and removal and the use of devices which allow slight movement of the fixed teeth. This paper presents the history of tooth splinting, our present-day knowledge of the subject, and introduces various splinting techniques. The wide range of indications for a flexible wire-composite splint are analyzed more thoroughly.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

Traumatic injuries to primary teeth in Mexico City children.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyse traumatic injuries to primary teeth in children attending an emergency dental service in a pediatric hospital in Mexico City. A total of 563 children 6-mo to 7 yrs-old were treated during the period from January 1981 to December 1987. The 563 children presented 936 traumatic dental injuries. The most common type of trauma was soft tissue injury, followed by luxation and avulsion. More males presented with traumatic injuries (61.8%) than females (38.2%). In both sexes, maxillary teeth received more traumatic injuries than mandibular teeth. Children 2-3 yrs old presented the highest number of injuries (195) followed by the 4-5 and 6-7 year-olds. The largest number of injuries were seen during winter (36%) followed by summer (25%), spring (21%) and fall (18%).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Pulpal and periodontal reactions of immature permanent teeth in the dog to intrusive trauma.

Pulpal and periodontal tissues of immature incisors of 10 dogs were radiographically and histopathologically evaluated immediately, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after experimental intrusion induced by mechanical blows. Forty upper central and mesial lateral incisors showing incomplete root formation on radiographs were submitted to intrusive force. After the observation periods, the dogs were killed, two at a time. The hemi-maxilas were removed and processed for histopathologic examination. The traumatized teeth showed accelerated apical formation with reduced radicular length. Pulpal vitality was maintained and the subjacent tissues did not present irreversible changes. All traumatized teeth re-erupted spontaneously.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Relation between incisal overjet and traumatic injury: a case control study.

Most previous studies have shown the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in anterior teeth to increase with increasing overjet. This study identified 36 Singapore schoolchildren, age 7-18 years, from a clinic population of 11,179, who had suffered dental trauma while playing contact or collision sports. A case control group of 36 children, matched for age, sex, race and sporting activities, but who had not suffered dental trauma, was selected from the same clinic population. Both groups were examined and the nature of injuries received, together with overjet measured to the nearest 0.5 mm were determined. The mean overjet for the trauma group was 3.42 +/- 1.45 mm and for the injured group 3.42 +/- 1.33 mm. These means were not statistically different (p = 1.00), neither did the distribution of overjet between the groups differ. These data were not in accord with the majority of studies correlating incisal overjet and dental trauma, and they suggested that overjet was not a positive correlate with traumatic dental injury in Singapore schoolchildren.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Dental pulp response to traumatic injuries--a retrospective analysis with case reports.

The reactions of the dental pulp to traumatic injuries can be extremely varied. They range from almost immediate pulp death to long-term slow pulp canal calcification. In this study the pulpal reactions were divided into three types: pulps with a very poor prognosis that required endodontic therapy soon after the tooth was traumatized. Seventy-nine teeth were studied in this category, and all 79 teeth required endodontic therapy; pulps with a moderate prognosis that required endodontic intervention some 18 to 24 months after the traumatic episode. Forty-eight teeth were studied in this category, and 27 of them required endodontic therapy: pulps with a very good prognosis that rarely required endodontic therapy. Fifty-two teeth were studied in this category, and only 2 required endodontic therapy. The prognosis of a particular pulp depends on the degree and type of trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Effect of retrograde cavity preparations on root apexes.

Ultrasonic cavity preparations in endodontic surgery has become a popular procedure with several advantages noted: Smaller cavities, deeper and cleaner preparations, less removal of surrounding bone needed for instrumentation and less removal of root apex dentin. Concern has been raised that lines of infraction have appeared in some instances when the ultrasonic instruments have been used. We wished to examine the result of cavity preparations in root apexes using five different methods: high and slow speed handpieces, sonic instruments, and ultrasonic instruments at two power settings, medium and high levels, respectively. The results showed that all the methods produced some infractions; the high power ultrasonics produced the most infractions while the lowest numbers were associated with the slow speed handpiece and ultrasonic instruments at the medium power setting.

Dental Equipment↗
PubMed1996

Management of intrusive luxation injuries.

Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth is a relatively infrequent but serious type of dental injury, due to the complicated picture it involves. Various treatment approaches have been suggested, so far, regarding management of intrusive luxation. Techniques aiming to reposition the intruded tooth include observation for spontaneous reeruption, surgical as well as orthodontic repositioning. However, development of complications such as pulp necrosis, inflammatory root resorption, replacement resorption and ankylosis and loss of marginal bone support makes selection of the most favorable technique controversial. In this paper, a critical review of the existing treatment modalities is attempted and treatment approaches based on diagnostic parameters that are indicative of the severity of an intrusive injury are presented. Recommendations are made after taking into consideration experimental and clinical study findings and observations from other author's and our own clinical experience. Two cases of intrusive luxation in children are presented and management of the dental injuries as well as the complications which occurred are being discussed.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1997

Long-term follow-up of conservative treatment of severely traumatized maxillary incisors.

We present the case of a 26-year-old man who at the age of 9 suffered severe trauma to both maxillary central incisors. The underlying malocclusion was skeletal and classified as dental Class II/1 with severe crowding. Both the maxillary central incisors and the two lower first premolars were extracted and the patient was treated with an edgewise appliance for 2 years. Acceptable occlusal relationships were achieved following orthodontic and adjunctive treatment which consisted of reshaping the maxillary lateral incisors with composite materials and grinding the canines to resemble lateral incisors. A critical evaluation of the esthetic and functional results at the age of 26 years is presented.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian schoolchildren.

The aim of this pilot study was to analyse whether overjet, lip coverage and obesity represented risk factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in the permanent anterior teeth of schoolchildren in Recife, Brazil. It included a random sample of 116 boys and girls aged 12 years, attending both public and private schools. Data was collected through clinical examinations and interviews. Dental trauma was classified according to Andreasen's criteria (1994). Overjet was considered as risk factor when it presented values higher than 5 mm. Lip coverage was classified as adequate or inadequate, while obesity was considered according to National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) procedures for the assessment of nutritional status. The prevalence of dental injuries was 23.3%. Boys experienced more injuries than girls, 30 and 16.1%, respectively (P >0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between traumatic dental injuries and overjet (P <0.05) and between traumatic dental injuries and lip coverage (P=0.000). No statistical significant differences were found when obesity and dental trauma were analysed (P <0.05). It was concluded that boys from lower social strata attending public schools, presenting an overjet size greater than 5 mm and an inadequate lip coverage, were more likely to have traumatic dental injuries in Recife, Brazil. Obesity was not a risk factor for dental trauma in this sample.

Brazil↗