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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Neutralizing antibodies and complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement (C'-ADE) of human immunodeficiency virus infection in its vertical transmission.

PROBLEM: Mother-to-child transmission is a major route for the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Our understanding of its mechanisms and parameters is still limited. Among the factors possibly involved in virus passage determination are the level and quality of antiviral humoral response. METHOD OF STUDY: Anti-HIV-1/Lai neutralizing activity in sera from 35 mother-infant pairs (in which 13 transmission cases occurred) was investigated, as was the complement-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement capacity of the same sera. RESULTS: Neutralization titers of 640 or more were found only in four mothers of uninfected children, but this result was not significant. No significant link was obtained with the occurrence of complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: As suggested by a synthesis of the literature, vertical transmission of HIV is probably the result of multiple active and/or stochastic parameters in the mother, the fetal structures, and the viral population. The precise definition of cellular mechanisms involved in in utero infection would help to better define which immune activity in the mother should be more carefully considered.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1999

Wisconsin hospital finds creative ways to reduce ADEs; avoids the "quick fix" approach.

Small changes can reduce adverse drug events. Hospitals looking for a quick fix to reduce adverse drug events usually find out it's not that easy. But implementing several minor changes can make a difference. That's what Luther/Midelfort in Eau Claire, WI, did when it revamped more than 10 processes over three years, resulting in fewer medication errors.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1977

Purineless death: ribosomal RNA turnover in a purine-starved ade- mutant of Chinese hamster cells.

When V79 pur 1, a purine-requiring auxotroph of a Chinese hamster cell line, is deprived of adenine, nucleic acid and protein synthesis decline rapidly. However, on continuous starvation RNA and DNA synthesis recommences to reach approximately 30% of the normal level between 12 to 24 h starvation. This is accompanied by a rise in the intracellular nucleotide pool. Utilizing mengovirus, which gives a productive infection in V79 pur 1 cells even under conditions of starvation, we can show that rRNA is preferentially degraded and provides the nucleotides for RNA synthesis. Thus "purineless" death in mammalian cells is accompanied by turnover of stable RNA.

Adenine↗