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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Arteriolosclerosis of the human renal allograft: morphology, origin, life history and relationship to cyclosporine therapy.

In the decade 1979-1988, 658 biopsies were collected from 568 cadaveric renal allografts. In 118 grafts a non-proliferative insudative vasculopathy (IVA) was found in afferent vessels. Immunosuppression was based on azathioprine (AZA) or on cyclosporin A (CsA), from 1983. The prevalence and extent of IVA has increased significantly since 1984. Light microscopy showed fibrinoid and hyaline masses of varying extent; transmural insudative "knobs", intimal oedema with metachromasia, and microthrombosis were also seen with CsA. The ultrastructure of the insudates was unremarkable but CsA grafts displayed early oedema and hypergranulation of endothelial cells with a disarray of smooth muscle cell (SMC) microfibrils, and pronounced degenerative changes of SMC. Rebiopsy showed stationary IVA in AZA grafts and progression in one-half of CsA-treated patients. Nephrectomy specimens revealed, however, a marked predominance of late rejection endarteritis; in only 3 cases was IVA and/or microthrombosis the possible cause of nephrectomy. The mean donor age was higher in severe IVA in CsA grafts and the mean post-transplantation interval at the time of diagnosis of IVA was significantly shorter in CsA-treated patients. No important differences in cumulative graft survival were seen between grafts with absent, moderate or severe IVA. Unused cadaveric donors' kidneys of comparable age exhibited normal arterioles or a slight focal insudative or hyaline lesion.

Arteries↗
PubMed2000

Super long-term surviving two renal grafts with severe arteriolosclerosis and glomerulosclerosis.

Two long-term renal transplant survivors, for about 20 yr, with unusual histological features in the allograft kidney are reported. In both cases, marked hyalinosis was observed in the arterioles of the transplanted kidney, despite never having been administered cyclosporine or tacrolimus. The cause remains unknown at the present time, but we think that the changes could be multifactorial in origin, including due to aging of the graft, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and chronic rejection. We conclude that histological analysis of the allograft kidney must be performed in long-term renal transplant survivors, in order to understand the histological changes in the chronic phase after kidney transplantation and to predict the prognosis of the graft.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The distribution of arteriolosclerosis along the arterioles in DOCA hypertensive rats.

The development of structural changes along the length of small arterioles (mean internal diameter 20-30 microns) was studied in uninephrectomized DOCA/salt hypertensive rats over a period of 10 weeks, by casting the arteriolar branchings in the ileum with Microfil (coloured silicone rubber). Along with a reduction in mean arteriolar diameter, irregular structural changes, manifested as focal narrowings along the arteriolar lengths, developed in the hypertensive animals, becoming most marked after 8-10 weeks. The severity of the changes appeared to be related to both the level and duration of the hypertension. The irregular nature of the changes is difficult to account for on the basis of any direct local pressure effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Spontaneous coronary arteriolosclerosis in broiler chickens.

Arteriolosclerotic changes were found in 202 out of 203 randomly collected heart specimens of broiler chickens. These chickens were reared in a poultry farm and killed at a poultry meat processing plant at 60 days of age with healthy appearance. Cellular intimal thickening due to a proliferation of smooth muscle cells of small arteries or arterioles were found mostly in the innermost layer of the left ventricle. Severity of the thickening varied from slight to severe. In 2 cases, myocardial necrotic changes were found in the proximity of severely affected small arteries and arterioles.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[The assessment of arteriolosclerosis by serum lipids data, and carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity, and its evaluation as a tool for preventive medicine: II. Carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity for hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus].

We studied the test results of carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity against a sample of hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus. Sixty four hyperlipemia samples (HL), 85 diabetes mellitus samples (DS), and 27 complicated samples (CS) were compared with 56 healthy samples (HS). Hyperlipemia samples were selected from cholesterol under 300 mg/dl, and neutral fat under 300 mg/dl. Diabetes mellitus samples were selected from fasting plasma glucose (FBS) under 200 mg/dl. Samples from severe conditions with various disease were excluded. Ratio over 1.1 mm intima-media thickness (IMT) was 0% in HS, 48% in HL, 40% in DS and 33% in CS. PWV value was max 1896cm/s in CS. There was no significant correlation within IMT, serum lipid(Total Cholesterol, Neutral Fat, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol) and FBS. For early treatment or accurate diagnosis of arteriosclerosis in hyperlipemia or diabetes mellitus patients, who are at high risk of developing arteriosclerosis, to vital function tests (carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity) should be performed, in addition to normal blood tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Difference of cerebral arteriolosclerosis between the deep and subcortical white matter in normal aging and vascular dementia of Binswanger type].

A comparative pathological study of arteriosclerosis was conducted between the deep white matter (M1) and the subcortical white matter (M2) to investigate the difference in the arteriolar changes in normally-aging individuals and those presenting vascular dementia. The arterioles (20-100 microns in outer diameter) of 95 autopsied brains were examined (56 control cases; C group, 24 hypertensive cases; HT group, and 15 Binswanger type vascular dementia cases; VD group). In C group, the primary pathological change was adventitial proliferation (AP), which was significantly more pronounced in M1 than in M2. AP in M1 was found to have advanced promptly with aging, while AP in M2 advanced mildly. AP in M1 was much more pronounced in HT group than in the age-matched C group, but little difference in M2 was observed between the two groups. AP in VD group was more pronounced in M2 than in M1 compared with HT group. These findings indicate that AP in M1 occurs prior to that in M2 in the process of normal aging, and that AP, in M2 as well as in M1, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Binswanger type vascular dementia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The size of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in diabetic glomerulosclerosis and its correlation with arteriolosclerosis and arterial hypertension: a morphometric light microscopic study on human renal biopsies.

The surface areas of the juxtaglomerular cell complexes and the index of arteriolar sclerosis were evaluated in renal biopsies from 50 patients with diabetic glomerulosclerosis. The mean surface areas of the JGC's were significantly enlarged compared to that of normal renal tissue, whereas no significant difference could be found between kidneys from hypertensive and the normotensive diabetics. A positive linear correlation was found between mean JGC-size and the index of sclerosis of the afferent arterioles. This was interpreted as the result of faulty coordination between the activity of the juxtaglomerular apparatus and the systemic arterial blood pressure. This is caused by stenoses of the preglomerular afferent arterioles in diabetic arteriosclerosis.

Adolescent↗