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PubMed1976

EEG findings, rapid ACTH test and autonomic nervous symptoms in patients with alopecia areata.

Patients of multiple alopecia areata were examined in their EEG findings and rapid ACTH test and described the symptoms concerning the neuroautonomic system. Some abnormal EEG findings were seen in 75 cases out of the examined 105 patients. As to the rapid ACTH test, 10 cases out of 45 subjects were abnormal. A positive correlation was considered between abnormal EEG findings and abnormal value in the rapid ACTH test. It is speculated that the regulation centers in the brainstem and hypothalamus play a great role in pathophysiology of multiple areata.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1975

Alopecia, ascites, and incomplete regeneration after 85 to 90 per cent liver resection.

A nineteen year old female underwent 85 to 90 per cent partial hepatectomy to treat a minimal deviation hepatoma. Observations afterwards suggested that the limit of resection compatible with survival had been reached. She recovered perfect health after many months, although liver regeneration was not complete. Severe but eventually reversible alopecia and ascites developed postoperatively, undoubtedly as a complication of the massive hepatic resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Rickets with alopecia: an inborn error of vitamin D metabolism.

Rickets with alopecia, an inborn error of vitamin D metabolism, is described in two sisters. The rachitic disorder began during the first year of life and was refractory to 50,000 IU of vitamin D2/day. Surprisingly, both children had marked elevations in serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D. Although the molecular basis for this disorder is not evident to date, intestinal end-organ unresponsiveness to exceedingly high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D was present, in addition to hyporesponsiveness of bone to these high levels of the hormone, since normocalcemia was maintained despite elevated serum levels of PTH. Therapy with oral 1,25-(OH)2D3 failed to reverse the disorder, but oral phosphorus supplements resulted in significant radiographic and clinical improvement.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1977

Induction of hair growth in alopecia areata with D.N.C.B.

43 patients with alopecia areata were treated with weekly applications of dinitrochlorobenzene (D.N.C.B.), dissolved in acetone, on one side of the head, with the other side serving as control region. The therapeutic aim was a mild contact dermatitis. A significant difference of hair growth between the treated and untreated sides was observed in 33 patients. 21 patients showed regrowth of hair exclusively on the treated side, and in 12 patients regrowth was considerably faster and more dense on the treated side. In the majority of patients the difference was noted within 3 months.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

Biotin-responsive alopecia and developmental regression.

A 10-month-old boy presented with dermatitis and alopecia and became severely hypotonic. Screening for urinary organic acids revealed a large quantity of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid and raised levels of beta-methylcrotonylglycine and 3-hydroxypropionate. Activities of propionyl CoA carboxylase, beta-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase, and pyruvate carboxylase in cultured fibroblasts were normal. Treatment with oral biotin resulted in a dramatic clinical improvement, which might therefore suggest a defect in biotin absorption or transport.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1977

Alopecia induced by inhalation exposure to phenyl glycidyl ether.

Rats and dogs were exposed to heated phenyl glycidyl ether (310 degrees C) vapor at average levels of 1.3, 5.0, and 11.8 ppm (v/v) for 6 hr/day, 5 days/wk, for 90 days. No adverse effects were observed in the dogs and rats other than alopecia in rats at the dose levels of 5.0 and 11.8 ppm. Microscopically, the skin lesions revealed slight acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and occasional patchy parakeratosis in the epidermis. Follicular keratin plugs were observed with hyperkeratosis of epithelium in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Inflammatory reaction was mainly confined to the perifollicular region and affected the hair follicles, resulting in atrophy. The number of hair follicles in the resting stage appeared to increase. The hair shafts revealed impairment of keratinization and fragmentation. Extracted hairs showed an increase in the number of dystrophic follicles and constricted or broken hair shafts.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1977

Immunofluorescent staining technics in the diagnosis of alopecia.

A retrospective clinicopathologic and immunopathologic review of 50 cases of scalp alopecia was done to assess the diagnostic value of the immunofluorescent staining technic. Discoid lupus erythematosus and lichen planus almost always produce different patterns of immunoglobulin and complement deposition. However, in occasional cases of discoid lupus erythematosus the characteristic LE immunofluorescent band may be absent and the direct immunofluorescent findings may be indistinguishable from those seen in lichen planus. Negative results were found in all other conditions except four cases of benign mucous membrane or cicatricial pemphigoid presenting with scalp lesions. Three of these cases were clinically unsuspected.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1976

Complement component profiles in urticaria, dermatitis herpetiformis, and alopecia areata.

Insignificant variation was noted in the mean levels of the complement components CIQ, C4, C2, C3, C5 and C3PA between various groups of sera from patients with urticaria, angio-oedema, dermatitis herpetiformis, alopecia areata, or hay fever. No deficiencies were found. Elevated C9 levels in chronic urticaria and angio-oedema reflected its nature as an acute phase protein. The assessment of C components in single or sequential serum samples revealed only marginal variations. Similar results were recorded for plasminogen the immunoglobulins, G, A and M. Some evidence is provided for the primary involvement of the kallikrein-kinin system in urticaria.

Alopecia Areata↗
PubMed1976

Congenital triangular alopecia.

Three new cases of congenital triangular alopecia are reported and the differential diagnosis of this rare developmental defect is discussed.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1979

Male-pattern alopecia and masculinity.

Cutaneous processes which are thought to be influenced by androgenic stimulation include the development of male-pattern alopecia, terminal hair distribution, sebum excretion rate, maximal sweat secretion rate and skin thickness. We measured these indices in forty-eight normal men, together with muscle, fat and bone thickness and plasma testosterone. There was a significant correlation between hair density on the forearm, leg and chest, but no other significant correlations were found. We conclude that bald men are no more 'masculine' than those with good scalp hair growth, if masculinity is defined in terms of end-organ response to androgenic stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Universal permanent alopecia, psychomotor epilepsy, pyorrhea and mental subnormality.

A syndrome of congenital and permanent universal alopecia, involving absence of scalp hair, eyebrows, eyelashes, axillary and pubic hair, and the rest of the body hair is reported. Mental subnormality was noted in eight and psychomotor epilepsy in seven out of 12 affected individuals. Pyorrhea was observed in all ascertained patients. No abnormality of nails or skin (apart from absence of hair) was noted. The disorder, which affected seven females and five males from six sibships, was transmitted through four generations. Utilizing the simple sib method, a ratio of 6/12 was obtained for affected individuals. The vertical transmission of the disorder, implication of both sexes, male to male transmission, and the 1:1 (affected: unaffected) segregation ratio support autosomal dominant inheritance. Penetrance appears to be complete.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Scalp reduction for alopecia.

A 17-year-old boy had a large, scarred area of alopecia from a thermal burn. Forty square centimeters of scarred scalp skin were excised in six sessions. The cosmetic result was excellent. Neither hypertrophic nor keloidal scarring supervened. The technique of scalp reduction and its procedure as an adjunct to hair transplantation is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

An ectodermal dysplasia syndrome of alopecia, onychodysplasia, hypohidrosis, hyperkeratosis, deafness and other manifestations.

A girl is reported with a hitherto apparently undescribed ectodermal dysplasia syndrome. The main findings include: alopecia, onychodysplasia, hypohidrosis, sensorineural deafness, skin with a tan color and hyperkeratosis (involving also plams and soles), unusual facies (with slight auricle and nose abnormalities), pectus excavatum, severe hyperopia, EEG abnormalities, and retarded bone age. The patient also presents mongoloid palpebral slanting, narrow palpebral fissures, bilateral esotropia, photophobia and dermatoglyphics with extensive ridge dissociation. The etiology is unknown but presumed to be genetic, possibly due to the homozygous state of an autosomal recessive mutation.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1977

Topical treatment of extended alopecia. Intralesional steroid--Kromayer lamp.

Two groups of patients with subtotal to universal areate type alopecia were serially treated, 6 with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide suspension and 6 with contact irradiation by ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury-arc source with a quartz envelope (Kromayer lamp). The treatment was limited to one half of the scalp while the untreated half served as a control. Triamcinolone acetonide suspension gave in 2 of the 6 treated patients a temporary stimulating effect on hari growth; later, however, hair growth inhibition was noted in 3 patients. Contact irradiation with ultraviolet light from a Kromayer lamp gave in 4 of the 6 treated patients a stimulatory effect upon hair growth, but did not seem to initiate it.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diseases sometimes associated with psoriasis. II. Alopecia areata.

Of 5,033 patients examined between 1968 and 1975, 407 were diagnosed as having psoriasis (Ps) and 23 alopecia areata (Aa). Five of the 23 patients with Aa had also Ps. One Aa patient having pitting of the nail only was not included in the Ps group. One further patient with Aa himself not affected with Ps had a sibling with Ps. It is suggested that there is an association between Ps and Aa and that the pitting of the nails described in Aa may be in reality an expression of Ps.

Alopecia Areata↗
PubMed1976

Magnesium content of the hair in alopecia areata atopica.

The magnesium content of hair from alopecia areata atopica patients, from nonatopic dermatological patients and from normal controls has been studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The two groups of patients had lower means and ranges than did the normal subjects, but the overlap was considerable. It is suggested that the lower levels found in the patients may be due to the nonspecific 'metabolic cost' of the skin diseases.

Alopecia Areata↗