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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effects of mutagenic and non-mutagenic aniline derivatives on rat liver drug-metabolizing enzymes.

1. The effect of 4,4'-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA), 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA) and 4,4'-sulphonyldianiline (Dapsone) in vivo on xenobiotic biotransformation in male rat liver was studied. 2. Treatment with MOCA or MDA but not Dapsone caused a dose-dependent increase in ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and a concomitant decrease in aldrin epoxidase activity in male rats. 3. Treatment with MOCA or MDA resulted in dose-dependent increases in ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation and epoxide hydrolation, while only MOCA induced cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity. 4. Treatment with Dapsone resulted in no changes in xenobiotic biotransformation except for the induction of aniline hydroxylation. 5. The results are consistent with the contention that there is a relationship between carcinogenic chemicals and particular alterations in the activities of biotransformation enzymes.

7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase↗
PubMed1977

The nature of the rate-limiting step in aniline hydroxylation involving cytochrome p-450 rat liver microsomes.

The kinetics of aniline hydroxylation was studied with: (1) rat liver microsomes involving NADPH and O2 (system 1), (2) hepatic microsomes and tert-butylhydroperoxide (system 2) and (3) microsomes and cumyl hydroperoxide (system 3) at 15--37 degrees C. The reactions were characterized by the values of the aniline oxidation rate constants, k2 = V/E0, where E0 is the initial concentration of cytochrome P-450: K 1/2 = 1.60 - 10(8) EXP (-13 400/RT) sec-1, k 2/2 = 1.66 - 10(9) exp (-14 500/RT) sec-1, k 3/2 = 6.83 - 10(9) exp (-15 300/RT) sec-1. The values of delta H0 and delta S0, were calculated and compared for the three systems. The evidence suggests that oxygen insertion into the substrate molecule is the rate-limiting step in the reaction of aniline oxidation for the mentioned systems. The nature of aniline binding to cytochrome P-450 and that of the hydroxylating agent have been discussed.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed2000

Stimulation of aniline, p-nitrophenol and N-nitrosodimethylamine metabolism in kidney by pyridine pretreatment of rabbits.

Pyridine has been shown to cause liver and kidney damage in animals and in humans. In a previous study we examined the effects of pyridine on rabbit liver and lung microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes. In this study, in vivo i.p. administration of pyridine to rabbits caused a significant 3.4-fold increase in kidney N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) N-demethylase activity as compared to the activity in control rabbits. The same treatment also significantly stimulated the activity of other cytochrome P4502E1-associated enzymes. The activities of p-nitrophenol hydroxylase and aniline 4-hydroxylase in kidney microsomes were increased 4.9-and 4.5-fold, respectively. Pyridine treatment increased the P450 content of the kidney 1.6-fold (P<0.05). SDS-PAGE of both kidney and liver microsomes of pyridine-treated rabbits showed a protein band of enhanced intensity at 51,000 Mr migrating in the region of cytochrome P4502E1. p-Aminophenol, a 4-hydroxylation product of aniline, has been shown to be nephrotoxic and NDMA, a procarcinogen, has been shown to be carcinogenic following bioactivation by NDMA N-demethylase in a number of tissues including the kidney. Since pyridine was shown to be nephrotoxic, it is expected that pyridine potentiates the toxic and/or carcinogenic effects of aniline, p-nitrophenol and NDMA through induction of their metabolism by the cytochrome P450-dependent drug-metabolizing enzymes.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1998

Crown ethers as a tool for the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers.

Molecularly imprinted polymers have been prepared against aniline and a bis-aniline compound, making use of a crown ether (18-crown-6) to solubilize the monomer-template complexes. Subsequent chromatographic rebinding studies in the absence of crown ether revealed regioselectivity for the templates in the respective polymers. This study indicates that crown ethers can be potentially useful in conjunction with molecular imprinting to solubilize and imprint organic solvent-insoluble compounds.

Crown Ethers↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of arylamine isomers by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Analysis of carcinogenic substances is a high-priority area. Carcinogenic arylamines draw the analyst's attention because dyes and pigments are in production and used in large volumes. Identification of carcinogenic isomers of arylamines employing micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), a mode of capillary electrophoresis was studied as it offers better scope for separation science. Mixed micellar modes of MEKC techniques were employed to achieve acceptable analyses. Success of this analytical method was proved by real-sample analysis, which confirmed that this is a promising technique for the arylamine species.

Amines↗
PubMed2006

Large-pore mesoporous SBA-15 silica particles with submicrometer size as stationary phases for high-speed CEC separation.

A new mesoporous sphere-like SBA-15 silica was synthesized and evaluated in terms of its suitability as stationary phases for CEC. The unique and attractive properties of the silica particle are its submicrometer particle size of 400 nm and highly ordered cylindrical mesopores with uniform pore size of 12 nm running along the same direction. The bare silica particles with submicrometer size have been successfully employed for the normal-phase electrochromatographic separation of polar compounds with high efficiency (e.g., 210,000 for thiourea), which is matched well with its submicrometer particle size. The Van Deemeter plot showed the hindrance to mass transfer because of the existence of pore structure. The lowest plate height of 2.0 microm was obtained at the linear velocity of 1.1 mm/s. On the other hand, because of the relatively high linear velocity (e.g., 4.0 mm/s) can be generated, high-speed separation of neutral compounds, anilines, and basic pharmaceuticals in CEC with C18-modified SBA-15 silica as stationary phases was achieved within 36, 60, and 34 s, respectively.

Chromatography↗
PubMed2002

Acute lethal toxicity of environmental pollutants to aquatic organisms.

The acute lethal toxicity of environment pollutants including chlorophenol, haloalkane, quinone, and substituted nitrobenzene (i.e., nitrophenol, nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene, and aniline) compounds to aquatic organisms was determined. Determination of toxicity of chemicals was performed with chlorella, daphnia, carp, and tilapia. The toxicity of chlorophenols had no relation to the number of chlorine atoms on the benzene ring, but monochlorophenol had lower activity than more chlorine-substituted compounds. The tolerance levels of daphnia and carp to haloalkanes was found to be higher than that of chlorella; toxicity to chlorella was several hundred times higher than to daphnia. The toxicity of naphthoquinone compounds to chlorella and carp was higher than that of anthraquinone. A compound with a monochloride substitution on anthraquinone ring was less toxic to carp than those substituted with amine, hydroxyl, and dichlorine groups. Nitrobenzene compounds with an additional substitution group on the p position were extremely toxic to daphnia and carp.

Adaptation, Physiological↗