PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “BELLADONNA ALKALOIDS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Belladonna alkaloids-induced behavioral changes and amnesia on open-field and step-through in 18-, 28-, and 38-day-old mice.

AIM: To study the age-related changes of atropine (Atr), scopolamine (Sco), anisodine (AT3), and anisodamine (Ani) on behaviors and memories. METHODS: The behaviors and memories were measured with open-field test and step-through task. M-cholinergic receptors were determined by [3H] quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H] QNB). RESULTS: During acquisition session (d 1) the 18-, 28-, and 38-d-old mice pretreated with Atr, Sco, and AT3 (0.02, 0.2, 2, or 20 mg.kg-1, i.p.) in open-field test showed increase in walking counts by 26%-42%, but decrease in rearing, grooming, and defecating counts for 50%-92%, 67%-100%, and 75%-100%, respectively. On recall session (d 2) the walking and rearing behaviors in the 18- and 28-d-old mice receiving Atr, Sco, and AT3 on d 1 were higher than those in the mice receiving saline. But a lower grooming behavior on d 2 was found in the mice receiving the drugs on d 1. On d 1 Ani 20 mg.kg-1 reduced the rearing behavior by 50% in 18-d-old mice and defecation by 33%-36% in 18- and 28-d-old mice. All the 4 belladonna alkaloids increased the number of avoidance-response errors and decreased the retention latencies in step-through task. Bmax of [3H] QNB binding sites in frontal cortex and hippocampus regions in the 38-d-old mice increased 7% and 23% vs in the mice of 18 d of age, respectively. CONCLUSION: 1) The effects of the belladonna alkaloids on behaviors and memories in adult mice were weaker than those in young mice. 2) The belladonna alkaloids-induced amnesia on passive avoidance-response in step-through was more sensitive than behavioral changes and amnesia on open-field. 3) According to the lowest effective doses which insulted the behaviors or memories in young mice, Sco was about 10, 100, and 1000 times more potent than Atr, AT3, and Ani, respectively.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative determination of alkaloids in belladonna tincture USP.

A simplified method for the quantitative analysis of hyoscyamine hydrobromide or atropine in Belladonna Tincture USP is described. The procedure is based on the formation of an alkaloid-dye complex which can be extracted with an organic solvent and measured spectrophotometrically. The results obtained by this method compare favorably with those obtained by the USP method.

Atropa belladonna↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification and estimation of the levo isomer in raw materials and finished products containing atropine and/or hyoscyamine.

The belladonna alkaloids atropine sulfate and hyoscyamine sulfate, occasionally used as anticholinergic and antimuscarinic agents, have identical molecular formulas but different stereo configurations. Hyoscyamine sulfate contains almost 100% of the levo isomer, whereas atropine sulfate is composed of equal parts of dextro and levo isomers. It is believed that the therapeutic properties of these alkaloids are due exclusively or primarily to the levo isomer. Currently available methods determine only the total amount of atropine (hyoscyamine) sulfate. A method has been developed and is reported for the identification and estimation of the levo and dextro isomers of atropine and hyoscyamine. Reference solutions are prepared in methanol at the following weights per 100 mL: 8.0 mg atropine sulfate; 4.0 mg hyoscyamine sulfate; 7.0 mg scopolamine hydrobromide; and 10.0 mg homatropine methylbromide. Samples of raw materials are similarly prepared in methanol, commercial products are also extracted or diluted with methanol, and solutions are filtered. Liquid chromatography is used for separations on a 25 cm Chirobiotic T2 column. The mobile phase is prepared by mixing 3.0 mL acetic acid and 2.0 mL triethylamine with 1000 mL methanol. The injection volume is 100 or 200 microL; the flow rate is about 0.35 mL/min. Fluorescence detection is at 255 nm excitation and 285 nm emission. Scopolamine hydrobromide and hyoscyamine eluted after 20 and 60 min, respectively. Atropine sulfate generated 2 peaks after 60 and 65 min. Homatropine methylbromide also produced 2 peaks after 70 and 85 min. Samples tested in this study included raw materials and commercial tablets or injections containing belladonna alkaloids. In all cases, the percentage calculated was that of the levo isomer relative to the total amount of atropine (hyoscyamine) present.

Atropine↗
PubMed2004

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome associated with Bellamine S, a therapy for menopausal symptoms.

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare, potentially fatal, idiosyncratic drug reaction characterized by fever, morbilliform rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and hematologic abnormalities. Aromatic antiepileptic agents, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital are the most frequent causes of this syndrome. We report a case of a previously healthy, postmenopausal woman who developed anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome while taking Bellamine S (belladonna alkaloids; ergotamine; phenobarbital) for hot flashes. Although combinations of belladonna, ergotamine, and phenobarbital have been used for medical treatment of menopausal symptoms since the 1960s, this is the first known case report of its association with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. Given the current debate about the risks of hormonal replacement therapy, more women are seeking alternative therapies for menopausal symptoms. Dermatologists need to be aware of this potential serious reaction to this phenobarbital-containing therapy for hot flashes.

Anticonvulsants↗