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Results for “Behavioral problems”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Behavior problems in children with the presenting problem of poor school performance.

Used 3 methods of assessing behavioral disturbance in 79 children presenting with poor school performance to an interdisciplinary evaluation center. Findings revealed a very high frequency of behavior problems, particularly of the internalizing type, but few differences in frequency or type of behavior problems among 4 subgroups: children with learning disabilities, mental retardation, borderline intellectual functioning, and without learning disabilities or cognitive impairment. Behavioral problems were associated with lower perceptions of self-worth and family functioning characterized as more controlling, and less supportive. Findings are discussed in terms of the need for interactional models of learning and behavior problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

West Indian teachers', parents', and students' attitudes toward adolescent behavior problems.

Attitudes toward adolescent behavior problems were surveyed using samples of teachers, parents, and secondary school students in Barbados. Fifty-two behaviors were rated for their impact on students' school and general social adjustment. Results revealed high positive correlations between groups in terms of ranked positions of problems, and also between rankings of problems of both boys and girls. However, parents rated the majority of problems higher (more serious) than did teachers, while adults generally awarded higher ratings than did male students, especially for conduct problems. Female students' responses were highly similar to those of adults, except in respect to heterosexual activity, which they rated more serious in boys, while most adults rated it much more serious in girls. Implications for discipline and guidance are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Behavior problems and adaptive functioning in children with mild and severe closed head injury.

Assessed behavior problems and adaptive functioning in children with mild or severe closed head injuries, on average more than 2 years postaccident. To ensure that any problems detected in the present study were not merely preexisting problems, potential subjects were excluded if there was a history of preexisting CNS damage, significant developmental delay, or behavior problems. Children with severe head injuries had an excessive rate of behavior problems and impaired adaptive functioning. Children with mild head injuries also had an excessive rate of behavior problems (comparable to that of children with severe head injuries) but did not have impaired adaptive functioning. Results are discussed in terms of six alternative ways brain injury and behavior problems can be related functionally.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Temperament, behavior problems, and learning skills in very low birth weight preschoolers.

The relationship between temperament, behavior problems, and learning skill abilities in preschool children who were born with very low birth weight (VLBW) is described. Subjects were 37 4-year-olds who weighed less than 1,500 grams at birth, were appropriate for gestational age, and free from congenital anomalies (M birth weight = 1,201 grams). Data were gathered when the children were 48 months chronological age and analyzed using point biserial and Pearson product moment correlation, chi square, and MANOVA. Temperament characteristics of rhythmicity, intensity, and persistence were related to behavior problems and learning skill abilities. Mothers reported more children with behavior problems than expected in the general population. Children with four or more behavior problems had significantly lower skill achievement scores than children with fewer behavior problems.

Child Behavior Disorders↗
PubMed1992

Severe problem behaviors related to social interaction. 1: Attention seeking and social avoidance.

Studies concerning the functional analysis of severe problem behaviors have suggested that it is important to identify the different categories of stimuli that control problem behavior because each has unique treatment implications. The present study explored the differential effects of adult attention on the severe problem behaviors of two groups of children with developmental disabilities. A third group of nonproblem children was examined for comparison purposes. Children participated in three experimental conditions in which the level of adult attention was manipulated: noncontingent high attention, noncontingent low attention, and contingent attention. Results validated the existence of two groups of children who differed as to their social orientation: (a) One group of children commonly initiated social interactions and was most likely to exhibit problem behaviors under conditions of low adult attention, and (b) the other group of children rarely initiated social interactions and exhibited frequent problem behaviors under conditions of high adult attention. Implications of these data for escape and attention theories of child problem behavior are discussed, as are the applied implications for reinforcer assessment and teaching strategies.

Attention↗
PubMed1989

Geropharmacology treatment: behavioral problems extend nursing responsibility.

1. Assessment of older adults with behavior problems considers factors contributing to the behavior; potential psychosocial interventions; patient characteristics influencing medication action; and medication characteristics influencing therapeutic and adverse effects. 2. Anxiety, agitation, and other behavioral problems in demented patients might arise from their inability to verbally express complaints such as pain and discomfort. 3. Although constant blood levels of medication are most effective for ongoing management of behavior problems, as needed doses can be used to establish the optimal dosing schedule. 4. Medications in low doses can be used to improve the patient's response to psychosocial interventions for behaviors such as anxiety, agitation, depression, and sleep disorders; but they should not be used as the only intervention.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Diagnostic importance of combined parent and teacher ratings on the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist.

The Revised Behavior Problem Checklist (RBPC) was completed by parents and teachers for 105 child psychiatry outpatient boys aged 6 to 12 years. In addition, DSM-III diagnoses were determined independent of checklist results, and the children were divided into major diagnostic groups of externalizing, internalizing, and mixed disorders. Combined parent and teacher ratings proved more effective than separate ratings in distinguishing the externalizing and mixed groups from the internalizing group on the RBPC externalizing factors. The overall classification of individual boys with discriminant function analysis increased from 72% to 83% when the ratings of both parents, rather than one parent, were combined with teacher ratings. Enhancing diagnostic accuracy of type of psychiatric disorder by using combined parent and teacher behavior checklist ratings is discussed.

Aggression↗
PubMed1979

Behavior problems of educationally handicapped and normal pupils.

Male pupils identified as behaviorally disordered, learning disabled, and educable mentally retarded, as well as nonidentified normal boys, were rated by their teachers on the Behavior Problem Checklist. Analyses of the ratings indicated significant differences for pupil category, Behavior Problem Checklist dimension, and category by dimension interaction, but no significant differences for age alone or in interaction with other factors. Categories of pupils were best discriminated from one another on the basis of Conduct Disorder and Personality Problem dimensions of the Behavior Problem Checklist. Results were discussed in terms of some implications for special education and further research suggested by the present findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Lateralized brain injury and behavior problems in children.

This study investigated the types of behavior problems found in children with lateralized brain lesions. Children referred for neuropsychological assessment were assigned to dominant (DH) or nondominant (NDH) groups on the basis of history of neurological disease or injury, findings on neurological examination, functional and structural laboratory findings, and neuropsychological assessment. Over two-thirds fell into the clinical range of behavior problems by parental report on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Degrees of pathology were nearly equal. DH children showed more externalizing than internalizing symptomatology. NDH children showed more internalizing than externalizing behavior problems. Results are discussed in terms of symptom formation based on lateralization of lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Do encopretic children have clinically significant behavior problems?

Pediatricians are increasingly recognized as the providers of choice for children with functional encopresis. The presence of clinically significant behavior problems could interfere with pediatric regimens for encopresis, however. To study the extent to which encopretic children exhibit behavior problems, we compared the scores on a standardized behavioral checklist for three randomly selected samples: a sample group of children with encopresis, a sample group of children with behavior problems, and a sample group of children without encopresis or behavior problems. All three samples were matched for age and gender. An analysis of variance showed that the scores of children with encopresis did not differ from the normative sample but were significantly lower than the scores from the behavior problem sample (P less than .00001). The results support the appropriateness of the trend toward expanding the primary pediatrician's role in the treatment of encopresis.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Six-year developmental course of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors.

The 6-year developmental course of parent-reported problem behavior in an epidemiological sample of 936 children assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist at 2-year intervals was determined. Children who were scored in the deviant range of the total problem score at time 1 were nine times more likely to be scored deviant 6 years later than were children who were not deviant at time 1 (odds ratio 9.0). Of the deviant children at time 1, 33% were deviant at time 4. There was no difference in the persistence of externalizing versus internalizing problems. This underscores the notion that internalizing problems should not be disregarded. Although this study demonstrated moderate stability of problem behaviors across a 6-year interval, children's problem behaviors should not be regarded as static. Many children showed changes in their level of functioning across time. However, extreme changes were the exception rather than the rule.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Marital discord and child behavior problems: a meta-analysis.

The relation of marital discord to the behavior problems of children was examined through a meta-analysis of the results of prior research. The sample comprised all published studies through 1988 that met criteria for the meta-analysis and that could be located through a combined computer and hand search of the literature. Marital discord included conflict, disharmony, and lack of agreement between currently married parents. Child behavior problems were defined as conduct problems, excluding internalized difficulties, such as anxiety. Four hypotheses were drawn from recent reviews of studies on this topic: The relation between marital conflict and child behavior problems will be (1) positive overall and will be stronger (2) for boys than for girls, (3) for cases based entirely on parent self-report data than for cases involving external sources of data, (4) for clinic than for nonclinic families. Results supported the first three hypotheses. Little evidence was found for an association between marital conflict and the behavior problems of girls. Findings are discussed in terms of their methodological and theoretical implications and in relation to a recent review of research on sex differences in children's reactions to divorce.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Linking extreme marital discord, child rearing, and child behavior problems: evidence from battered women.

Relations between marital discord, parental behavior, and child behavior were investigated in a sample of 37 battered women and 37 comparison mothers and their children, aged 2-8 years. It was hypothesized that violent fathers would be more irritable but less involved, battered women more stressed and inconsistent in discipline, and both parents would reportedly use fewer positive and more negative child-rearing responses than comparison families. Based on maternal self-reports and mother-child observations, the only robust self-report difference between the groups of mothers were the level of stress and reports of inconsistency in parenting; in contrast, all of the expected differences were found between the mothers' reports of the 2 groups of fathers. Group effects on child behavior problems were also found. Children from violent families were reported to have more internalizing behavior problems, more difficult temperaments, and to be more aggressive than the comparison children. In the violent families, maternal stress and paternal irritability were the 2 significant predictors of child behavior problems, whereas in the comparison families only maternal stress was a reliable predictor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Behavior problems and social competence in girls with true precocious puberty.

We report a controlled standardized behavioral assessment of 33 girls with true precocious puberty using the Child Behavior Checklist. Although a majority of the girls were reported not to have behavior problems, many were reported to have a dysphoric adjustment to their condition. Twenty-seven percent of the girls with true precocious puberty scored greater than 2 SD above the mean on the Total Behavior Problem scale 10 times the expected prevalence rate. They also scored significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than matched controls on both the internalizing or "overcontrolled symptom" and externalizing or "undercontrolled symptom" scales. Forty-eight percent scored greater than 2 SD above the mean on the Social Withdrawal scale. The high prevalence of reported problem behaviors in this sample may be related directly or indirectly to the precocious maturation mediated by biologic, psychologic, social, and environmental variables. Although elevated levels of sex steroids may directly contribute to increased aggressive and hyperactive behaviors, they may also be modified by social and environmental factors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

The difficult temperament in adolescence: associations with substance use, family support, and problem behaviors.

This study investigated interrelations between the number of difficult temperament factors (e.g., arrhythmicity, inflexibility, high distractibility) and substance use, perceived family support, and problem behaviors for a sample of 297 adolescents (M age = 15.7 years). The number of adolescent difficult temperament factors was associated significantly with more childhood behavior problems (e.g., hyperactivity, conduct disordered symptoms), which suggests some continuity of disordered behavior from childhood to adolescence. Number of adolescent difficult temperament factors also was associated with a higher percentage of substance users (for cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, hard drugs), lower perceived family support, higher levels of depressive symptoms, and more delinquent activity. Number of difficult temperament factors was not associated significantly with gender or age of respondents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Chronic conditions, socioeconomic risks, and behavioral problems in children and adolescents.

Children with a chronic health condition have long been considered at excess risk for psychosocial morbidity. Despite an increasing prevalence of chronic childhood conditions and heightened concerns for the quality of life of the chronically ill, population-based studies of behavior problems among children with chronic physical conditions are rare. Findings on the epidemiology of behavior problems in a nationally representative sample of 11,699 children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years in the United States are reported. Data included a 32-item parent-reported behavior problem index, measures of chronic childhood conditions, measures of school placement and performance, and sociodemographic variables. Analyses confirmed that chronic physical conditions were a significant risk factor for behavior problems, independent of sociodemographic variables. Among children these differences were observed across all subscales; among adolescents the largest differences were found for the Depression/Anxiety and Peer Conflict/Social Withdrawal subscales. Rates of extreme behavior problem scores (those in the top 10th percentile) were 1.55 times higher among children with a chronic health condition compared with children without a chronic condition (95% confidence interval 1.29 to 1.86). These independent odds were lowered to 1.44 when covariates for confounding were introduced via a multivariate logistic regression. Other independent risks included the absence of either biologic parent (odds ratio 2.05), male gender (1.53), low vs high family income (1.30), low vs high maternal education (1.51), and young vs old maternal age at childbirth (2.57). Chronic health conditions were also a major risk factor for placement in special education classes and having to repeat grades. Despite evidence for effective interventions, health services for children with chronic conditions--particularly mental health services--remain fragmented, signaling the need for increased attention to behavioral problems and their treatment among all health professionals caring for children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

The Dual Role of Executive Functioning in the Association Between Family Socioeconomic Status and Children's Problem Behaviors.

Although prior research suggests that executive functioning may either mediate or moderate the association between family socioeconomic status (SES) and children's problem behaviors, examining these roles separately provides an incomplete account: mediation models may understate individual differences that are not attributable to the environment, whereas moderation models may understate the role of the environment in shaping personal characteristics. To integrate these perspectives, the present longitudinal study examined whether executive functioning simultaneously mediates and moderates the association between family SES and children's internalizing and externalizing problems. A total of 308 children in the early years of elementary school (MageT1 = 7.34 years; 138 girls) were assessed and followed up 39 months later. After controlling for children's gender, age, and grade, lower family SES at T1 significantly predicted higher levels of both internalizing and externalizing problems at T2. Executive functioning at T1 partially mediated these associations, indicating that differences in children's executive functioning partly accounted for socioeconomic disparities in problem behaviors. Executive functioning also moderated both associations: SES was negatively associated with problem behaviors among children with lower executive functioning but not among those with higher executive functioning. These findings highlight the dual role of executive functioning in the longitudinal association between SES and children's problem behaviors and suggest that executive functioning may be a promising target for efforts to reduce mental health disparities associated with socioeconomic disadvantage.

Humans↗