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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The tentorium in axial section. II. Lesion localization.

Most juxtatentorial lesions may be localized accurately on contrast-enhanced axial section CT scans by use of the opacified tentorial bands. Lesions that lie lateral edge of the diverging bands are supratentorial. Lesions that lie medial to the V-shaped tentorial bands are infratentorial and/or incisural. Flattening of the tentorial border of a lesion helps to identify its location. Use of the tentorial bands identifies transincisural extension of meningioma reliably, but does distinguish well between true transtentorial growth of meningioma and marked upward bulging of the tentorium from purely infratentorial meningioma.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Computerized axial tomography in the preoperative evaluation of posterior fossa tumors in children.

22 cases of pediatric posterior fossa tumors that underwent preoperative evaluation by computerized tomography are presented. 8 of the cases, in the latter part of the series, were successfully operated upon on the basis of computerized tomography alone. In 14 other cases, additional angiographic investigation was carried out. In only 1 case of multiple hemangioblastoma did angiography provide further significant information. On the basis of this experience, it is suggested that computerized tomography is usually sufficient and further contrast studies are unnecessary in the preoperative evaluation of pediatric posterior fossa tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Brain tumor in newborn babies.

5 cases of brain tumor in newborn babies under 2 months are presented. 4 of them were supratentorial teratoma and originated from the midline, and 1 was a glioma at the cerebelloponitine angle. 2 cases died before surgery and 2 cases after surgery. In our 5th case a benign teratoma of 150 g was removed from the third ventricle. He was discharged and enjoyed rather good health for 2 years and 1 month before dying of recurrence of tumor. Internal hydrocephalus associated with the huge tumor was responsible for the sudden deterioration of general condition. Therefore, shunting procedures should be performed as the first aid. However, in our experiences, the conditions at admission were the critical and/or too late to be beneficial. Thus early diagnosis is absolutely necessary for surgical treatment. A summary and discussion of the data of 103 previously reported cases are included.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

The results of operating upon cerebral aneurysms and angiomas in children and adolescents. II. Cerebral angiomas.

Symptomatic angiomas of the brain, brain stem or cerebellum are uncommon in all age groups. They usually present by subarachnoid and intraparenchymatous hemorrhage, but they may act as expanding mass lesions, as causes of ingavescent neurological deficit (?'steal phenomenon'), as epilepticogenic foci, or as a source of relentless headache. We have operated upon 20 patients, 18 years of age of less, with symptomatic angiomas. There has been no surgical mortality, and no patient has been made worse by operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Clinicophysiological studies of orbicularis oculi reflex in brain stem diseases].

Orbicularis oculi reflex is consisted of two components; one is early reflex response (R1) which is 14.1 +/- 2.2 msec in latency, and the other is late reflex response (R2) that is 35.0 +/- 8.6 msec in latency (mean +/- 2SD). R1 is observed on the ipsilateral side of stimulation and R2 is visible bilaterally on ipsiand contralateral sides of stimulation. Clinically orbicularis oculi reflex can be recorded easily, however, its clinical and physiological significance has not been clearly solved. Orbicularis oculi reflex was tested on patients with the brain stem lesions of various kinds, and the factors influencing to the reflex pathways were examined, such as the site and the type of lesions, sleep, several anesthetics and the level of consciousness. Results obtained were as follows; 1) both R1 and R2 disappeared or prolonged in latencies by nuclear as well as peripheral facial nerve palsy, since the facial nerve was the final common pathway. 2) on cases of facial sensory disturbance R1 prolonged in latency with concomitant delay of R2 response. 3) both R1 and were attenuated as soon as the alpha rhythmicity of the EEG was disappeared. Administration of thiamylal also attenuated both the R1 and R2, however, ketamine (a dissociative anesthetic) enhanced the R1 in amplitude and suppressed R2. These findings indicated that the R1 and R2 were in some extent regulated from brain stem reticular formation and the orbicularis oculi reflex should be an useful diagnostic measure to detect imparied consciousness. 4) also the reflex should be used to know the extent of neoplastic process in the cerebellar hemisphere to the brain stem. 5) recovery curve of R1 from double shock stimuli (conditioned and test) indicated that this reflex was different from H wave of the spinal cord because of absent refractory period and shorter facilitatory period ranging between 40 to 60 msec.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Facial myokymia.

Facial myokymia is an uncommon form of dyskinesia, usually resulting from a lesion in the brain stem. The electromyogram is typical. A case is reported. The condition was due to an astrocytoma of the brain stem.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Angiographic diagnosis of expanding processes in the posterior cranial fossa using a new topographic line].

The authors proposed a new rentgenometrie method allowing objective determination of the site of expanding lesions in the posterior cranial fossa. On the lateral angiograms of the vertebral arteries they determined the position of the choroid point of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in relation to the line joining internal occipital protuberance with the upper ridge of acetabulum of the mandibular articulation. On the material of 50 subjects with expanding lesions of the posterior cranial fossa the authors determined interrelationship between the shift of the choroid point and the site of the lesion. They pointed out that the presented method can be of a considerable diagnostic value. In the presented material it allowed for the precise determination of localisation of the tumour in 86% of the cases.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinico-angiographic diagnosis of space-occupying lesions of the posterior cranial fossa in children].

Superior cerebellar arteries raised above Lisholm's line is the most constant sign of a volume process in the posterior cerebral fossa. In tumors of the brain stem, the angiograms demonstrate hypertrophied arteries of the pons and changes in the position of initial segments of the upper cerebellar arteries. Tumors of the fourth ventricle in most cases cause displacement of the basilar artery to the front and the tonsillar segments of the inferior posterior cerebellar artery to the back and downward. In a lesion of the vermis of the cerebellum the artery and vein of the inferior vermis are considerably displaced to the back toward the occipital squama. Tumors of the cerebellar hemisphere may cause no changes in the position of the basilar artery in relation to Blumenbach's clivus. Displacement of the inferior posterior cerebellar artery beyond the midline indicates the side of the lesion. Demonstration of the vascular network of the tumor itself is the most important sign in topical diagnosis.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

Radiographic diagnostic evaluation and surgical treatment of multiple cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord hemangioblastomas.

Multiple hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system present a greater challenge in their diagnosis and treatment than do single hemangioblastomas of the cerebellar hemisphere. Improved radiographic techniques of tomographic vertebral angiography and computed axial tomography (CT) are of considerable value in the diagnosis of multiple cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord hemangioblastomas. Microsurgical techniques now allow for total operative removal of many of these lesions. A case report is presented to emphasize the radiographic diagnostic evaluation as well as the microsurgical technique for removal of multiple central nervous system hemangioblastomas.

Adolescent↗