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PubMed1957

Radioactivity of people and foods.

Measurements of the cesium-137 content of people and of foodstuffs indicate that this nuclide is unlikely to be a decisive factor in the long-term hazards from weapons testing and reactor waste disposal. The amount of cesium-137 now present in the population of the United States averages 0.006 microcurie and shows no marked dependence on geographic location. The average radiation dose received from cesium-137 is one-twentieth of that received from natural radiopotassium and 1 percent of the average total dose from all natural sources. Because of the short biological half-life of cesium of about 140 days, it does not accumulate in the body as does strontium-90. The study of the distribution of cesium-137 is being continued to furnish information on the mechanisms of the fallout process and provide a measure of the rate of fallout and of stratospheric storage.

Cesium↗
PubMed1958

Radioactivity of people and milk: 1957.

The routine determination of cesium-137 and potassium-40 content of over 2200 samples was accomplished through utilization of one-fifth of the potential capacity of the Los Alamos human counter. Little change in the cesium-137 concentration in people was observed from 1956 to 1957, in spite of the increase in both the rate and the integrated levels of fallout. The correlation of levels in human beings with cesium levels in milk indicates a discrimination factor of 1.8 in this step of the ecological transfer. Precipitation is shown to be an important factor determining the cesium content of milk, but the lack of complete correlation indicates that a more detailed analysis is necessary. Contamination of the troposphere during periods of weapon testing complicates the interpretation, as do seasonal variations.

Animals↗
PubMed1959

Metabolic dissociation of short-lived barium-137m from its cesium-137 parent.

At 4 to 7 days after Cs(137) administration, Ba(137m) was found to exceed Cs(137)-Ba(137m) equilibrium proportions in bone and plasma by factors of 3 and 14, respectively, in the living animal. This demonstrated the in vivo escape of Ba(137m) from sites of Cs(137) accumulation. Liver tissue was slightly deficient in Ba(137m), whereas tissues such as bone marrow and spleen showed little or no deviation from equilibrium.

Animals↗
PubMed1960

Occurrence of scandium-46 and cesium-134 in radioactive fallout.

Two hitherto unreported induced radionuclides, scandium-46 and cesium-134, have been detected in fallout material. Identification was made by chemical separation and gamma scintillation spectrometry. While the origin of these materials is not known, possible routes of formation from stable elements are suggested.

Cesium↗
PubMed1961

Strontium-90 and cesium-137 in North American milk.

The strontium-90 and cesium-137 concentrations in powdered milk in North America vary roughly with the specific activity of rain. The Sr(90)/Cs(137). ratios in over 800 powdered milk samples taken from 60 stations in North America from 1957-60 have a standard deviation of only 44 percent.

Animals↗
PubMed1962

Enhancement of cesium-137 excretion by rats treated with acetazolamide.

Acetazolamide (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) increases the urinary excretion of cesium-137 in the rat. Meralluride (6.8 mg of Hg per kilogram, subcutaneously) blocks the effect of acetazolamide on the cesium-137 excretion without any influence on the urine volume and pH of the urine. This indicates that acetazolamide increases the urinary excretion of cesium-137 by increasing its secretion through the renal tubule in the same manner as it increases the excretion of potassium and rubidium-86.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1962

Concentration of cesium-137 in human rib bone.

The concentration of fission product cesium-137 in human rib, sampled from various age groups, has been determined by low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. We propose several possible interpretations of the data and point out the possibility that mechanisms of cesium retention may be age-dependent.

Cesium↗