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Results for “Constriction, Pathologic”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Isolated stenosis of the pulmonary artery branches--an autopsy case with review of the literatures.

A necropsy of a 21-year-old male with isolated stenosis of the pulmonary artery was presented. The pulmonary artery branches showed various fibrous thickening including atheromata and mural thrombi. Those findings appeared mostly in elastic and large muscular pulmonary arteries as well as in medium sized arteries, while the small arteries and arterioles remained in slight changes. Systemic large elastic arteries seemed to be small and showed atheromatous lesions similar to those of the main pulmonary arteries. Moreover, eight autopsy cases with pulmonary artery stenosis from the literature were shortly reviewed and some pathological findings as an aid for angiographic cardiovascular studies were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lumbar stenosis. An electromyographic evaluation.

Analysis of bilateral EMG and operative findings reveal that there is a definite correlation between bilateral positive EMG in particular and multiradicular EMG's and the findings of stenosis or spondylosis of the lumbar canal. Electromyography is helpful in identifying the atypical patient or the patient with unilateral symptoms who actually has bilateral pathology. The importance of a bilateral electromyographic examination is emphasized and the rarity of bilateral or multiradicular findings in simple herniated nucleus pulposus.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1988

External auditory canal stenosis and atresia: dual flap surgery.

Surgical correction of the severely stenosed or atretic external canal still remains a difficult surgical challenge. As more and more techniques are described, it is apparent that the main thrust and emphasis is to prevent late cicatrization or stenosis. The essential principles are to create a wide canal and cover as much raw surface as possible with skin, preferably full-thickness and with an intact blood supply. The following technique, using dual flaps, has been used successfully in 10 consecutive problem ears with unusual underlying pathologies. With follow-up ranging from seven months to four years, there have been no cases of restenosis to date.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Fibrous dysplasia involving the temporal bone: report of three new cases.

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia, an unusual disease that can involve the temporal bone, will frequently cause an acquired stenosis of the external auditory canal. Three patients with this disorder who presented with occluded canals are described. Two individuals developed external canal cholesteatomas medial to the obstruction, one of whom eventually developed a postauricular abscess and infected draining sinus. The third patient presented with a restenosis nine months following canalplasty. The cases reported illustrate three surgical criteria necessary to manage these unusual cases successfully: removal of sufficient diseased bone to create a patulous canal; resurfacing denuded bony areas with thin split-thickness skin grafts to prevent soft tissue contractions; an adequate meatoplasty. Postoperatively, the reconstructed canals have remained patent and stable during follow-up periods ranging from one to four years. Clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of fibrous dysplasia are discussed, the differential diagnosis is presented, and the relevant literature is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Value of clinical screening for detection of asymptomatic hemodialysis vascular access stenoses.

Measurement of recirculation and intradialytic venous line pressures may aid in the detection of hemodialysis vascular access stenoses. The authors screened 29 consecutive asymptomatic patients for recirculation values exceeding 15% or venous pressures greater than 150 mmHg. All 13 patients requiring and agreeing to angiography on the basis of the screening protocol proved to have high-grade stenoses of their vascular access outflow or inflow. Asymptomatic vascular access pathology is common. High-risk asymptomatic populations may be detected by simple screening procedures.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

[Vascular pathology in the extracranial segment of the carotid arteries in patients with various stages of vascular hypertension].

The aim of the work was to assess the frequency, localization and degree of pathological changes in the extracranial segment of carotid arteries in patients in different stages of hypertension by using ultrasonic diagnosis. The authors examined 115 hypertonic patients stage I and II and 95 hypertonic patients stage III according to the WHO classification. They compared the results with a group of 20 subjects, healthy from the clinical and biochemical aspect. The examinations were made by means of an Exhoflow II apparatus of Diagnostic Electronic Corporation, using the method described by Traubner (16). The findings in the control group were normal. In the hypertonic patients stage I and II in 15 (13%) mild, haemodynamically insignificant changes were recorded. In the hypertonics stage III 31 (32.6%) had a pathological finding, incl. 16 patients (16.8%) who had severe stenotic changes, serious from the haemodynamic aspect.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic alternatives in the management of colonic strictures.

A 10-year review of our experience with all patients with symptoms of colonic narrowing (n = 61) revealed 14 patients who were treated endoscopically. The site of narrowing was the sigmoid colon in 12 patients and the rectum in two patients. The strictures occurred after anastomosis in seven patients, with carcinoma in four patients, and with inflammatory disease, external compression, and idiopathy in one patient each. Although combinations of endoscopic techniques were occasionally used, the predominant method responsible for successful management of the narrowing was bouginage in four patients, endoscopy with a prototype dilating endoscope in four patients, balloon dilatation in three patients, and electrocautery and laser surgery in one patient each. There were no perforations or bleeding complications. Repeated treatments were usually needed. As less invasive methods evolve to treat colonic narrowing, appropriate matching of available techniques with the underlying disease becomes easier. We have found that dilation with a bougie, balloon, or a prototype dilating endoscope can provide especially beneficial results when used on patients with strictures resulting from inflammatory disease or external compression. Cutting and ablating tools such as the electrocautery and laser tools are more suited for management of strictures that result from carcinoma and anastomotic webs. Appropriate matching of endoscopic technique to underlying colonic pathology will allow increasingly successful and safer management of colonic narrowing without operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Cardiac compression by a large thymic cyst. Apropos of a case, review of the literature].

Thymic cysts are rare and almost always asymptomatic. The authors report the case of a 45 year old woman with a thymic cyst diagnosed after recurrent right sided heart failure resulting in signs suggestive of adiastole, regressing after "pleural" (mainly cystic) aspiration and diuretic therapy without any morphological or functional changes on Doppler echocardiography. This report concerns a rare tumour, with an exceptional volume (2 litres) extending down the cardiac borders and causing cardiac compression. It illustrates the diagnostic difficulty of a pathology with an unusual clinical presentation, despite complementary investigations including CT scan and MRI, very sensitive in this type of problem. A complete cure was obtained by total surgical ablation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of the water-soluble x-ray contrast substance Dimer-X in lumbosacral myelography].

The use of the water-soluble radiocontrast substance Dimer-X in lumbosacral myelography in 22 patients with a stable pain syndrome in the lumbosacral region showed that this method makes it possible to disclose the cause of the disease exactly and to reveal or rule out any neurosurgical pathology of this region. This examination is tolerated well by the patients, does not produce serious complications, and may be conducted in any neurosurgical institution.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1992

Duplex ultrasonography of vertebral arteries: examination, technique, normal values, and clinical applications.

A technique for the imaging of vertebral arteries at their origins and along the longitudinal extracranial course is described. The results of the examination of 108 normal vertebral arteries are shown. The vertebral artery could be distinguished in the pretransverse and intertransverse segment C5-C6 in 100%. The average diameter of the vessel was 3.81 +/- 0.46 mm on the right and 3.88 +/- 0.47 on the left side. The average maximal systolic velocity was 43.0 +/- 8.9 cm/s on the right and 43.3 +/- 9.6 on the left side. In 81% of the cases the vertebral origin could be located on the right and in 65% of the cases on the left side. The technical quality of visualization, especially of the vertebral origin, was greatly influenced by the depth of the examined structure. Examples of pathologic findings, such as hypoplasia, stenosis, and occlusion, demonstrate the practical possibilities of this noninvasive method.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous resolution of colonic strictures caused by necrotizing enterocolitis: therapeutic implications.

Colonic strictures are now a well recognized complication in infants surviving necrotizing enterocolitis. We describe the clinical course of seven infants with colonic strictures after necrotizing enterocolitis. Only two demonstrated the finding of fixed fibrotic stricture described in the literature, while the remaining five showed atypical radiographic and pathologic features. Two of the five showed partial or spontaneous resolution of post-necrotizing enterocolitis colonic stenoses on follow-up barium enema studies. In three of four patients with colonic resections, the histopathologic examination revealed a surprising absence of irreversible fibrosis or cicatrix formation. Current surgical practice dictates elective resection of these narrowed colonic segments. The radiologic and pathologic findings in our series of patients suggest surgical resection may be unnecessary in selected cases.

Colon↗
PubMed1989

Transrectal ultrasonography in disorders of the seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts.

Ultrasonography is an inexpensive, noninvasive, and reliable means of evaluating the integrity of the distal seminal tract. A variety of rare congenital anomalies can be demonstrated by ultrasound applied either transabdominally or by the transrectal route. Ultrasonography provides a unique insight into the function and pathology of ejaculation that may affect fertility and may well produce new diagnostic criteria to explain some of the more unusual symptoms encountered by urologists in general practice.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1989

[Repeated operations on the extrahepatic bile ducts].

Experience in repeated operations on the biliary tract in 51 patients is analysed. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is one of the informative methods. The choice of the method of operative treatment must be individualized according to the nature of the pathological process in the biliary system. An endoscopic intervention may be an alternative to surgical operations in many cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Endomyocardial fibrosis with calcification of the myocardium.

A case of endomyocardial fibrosis with intramyocardial calcification was characterized by symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy resembling constrictive pericarditis. Pathological findings were typical of those found in classical Davies' disease, originally encountered and described in Uganda.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

Deep venous thrombosis after shoulder arthroscopy.

Deep venous thrombosis after shoulder arthroscopy is so unusual that its occurrence should arouse the suspicion of (a) a hypercoagulable state, or (b) a pathologic extrinsic mass causing venous occlusion. This case of deep venous thrombosis after shoulder arthroscopy led to the discovery of previously asymptomatic Hodgkin's lymphoma that was compressing the innominate vein.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Doppler and duplex sonography of the vertebral arteries].

In a prospective study 451 patients were examined with extracranial CW-Doppler sonography (mastoidal slope), suboccipital transcranial Doppler sonography and colour-coded duplex sonography to evaluate unusual vertebral arteries (hypoplasia, stenosis and occlusion). Colour duplex sonography was used as reference method. CW-Doppler sonography had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 27% for the detection of an unusual vertebral artery. For transcranial Doppler sonography these values are 38% and 58%. Our study showed that CW-Doppler is a useful screening examination for identifying pathological findings of vertebral arteries. In case of abnormalities in CW-Doppler, duplex sonography, especially colour-coded duplex sonography, should be added.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Hydrodynamic and radiologic examination of the common bile duct].

The operative study of the common bile duct was carried out with the hydrodynamics methods (flow and resting pressure) in 433 patients and with the operative cholangiography in 383 patients. The hydrodynamics explorations pointed-out a margin of mistake due to falses positives and negatives of the 2.7% and the operative cholangiographies of the 8.6%. The association of both methods, hydrodynamics and radiologycs, allowed us to estimate that the diagnostic mistake is reduced to 0%. It is established in this work the necessity of carring out the flow, the measure of the resting pressure and the cholangiographies; in all the patients that are operated on the biliary tract because the diagnostic accuracy is the 100%. It is discussed the value of the diameter of the common bile duct for affirming the eventual existence of obstruction of the lower part of the common bile duct and the values are correlated, measured in mm., with pathological founds. It is considered the value of the hydrodynamics methods in the diagnostic of the stenosis of the sphincter of Oddi.

Adolescent↗