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PubMed1977

Oral contraception.

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Contraceptives, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Contraception.

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Contraception↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estrogens + patient package insert = confused patients.

A brief review of the patient package inserts concept and estrogen pharmacology is presented. Then the need for patient education is discussed along with recommendations for a team approach to managing patient anxiety by helping patients understand the estrogen-containing products they are using.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Do anticonvulsants reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives?

Women in our area with epilepsy who were also taking oral contraceptives were identified. Of 82 patients taking oral contraceptives, 41 had used both anticonvulsants and oral contraceptives for a total of 955 months. Three documented oral contraceptive (pill) failures occurred during this period, whereas the expected number of 0.12 (relative risk, 25; 95% confience interval, 5 to 73). No pill failures were observed in 2,278 months among women with epilepsy who were taking oral contraceptives but who were not taking anticonvulsants at this time. Thus our data support the suggestion that there is an increased rate of pill failure among women taking anticonvulsants. In view of this diminished effectiveness, the advisability of using oral contraceptives rather than one of the other forms of contraception when anticonvulsant medication is being used concurrently may need to be reevaluated.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1979

Epidemiology of hepatocellular adenoma. The role of oral contraceptive use.

A case-control study of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA), a serious though nonmalignant liver tumor, was conducted by the Center for Disease Control and the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). Interviews with 79 women with HCA and with 220 age- and neighborhood-matched controls were completed. Limited information was obtained on nine additional patients who had died. Women with HCA and hemorrhage have a greater risk of morbidity and death than those with other symptoms. Increasing duration of OC use increases the risk of HCA. Use of OCs with high hormonal potency and age over 30 years may further increase a woman's risk of HCA. Long-term users of OCs have an estimated annual incidence of HCA of 3 to 4 per 100,000.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Oral contraception.

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Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1992

Hormonally exacerbated hereditary angioedema.

Hereditary angioedema is a rare disorder which is associated with an inherited deficiency of the inhibitor of the activated first component of complement. Genetic transmission occurs in an autosomal dominant manner. Affected patients are heterozygotes, and their deficiency is incomplete, many of them having up to 20% of the normal amount of the inhibitor. We describe two cases of C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency occurring in a mother and daughter in whom the symptoms appeared to be related to the menstrual cycle or the taking of the oral contraceptive pill. Although both features have been mentioned in the literature, to the best of our knowledge premenstrual exacerbations have not been documented previously. We examined the likely basis of hormonally exacerbated hereditary angioedema.

Adolescent↗