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PubMed1988

Disseminated histiocytosis X with diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus in an adult female (histiocytosis with DI and DM).

We report the clinical presentations and pathologic findings in an adult female who had Disseminated Histiocytosis X associated with diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. The association of these three conditions in the same subject is rare. The current knowledge on Disseminated Histiocytosis X is reviewed and the possible relationship between these three conditions discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vasopressin and ethanol preference. II. Altered preference in two strains of diabetes insipidus rats and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus mice.

In the first paper of this series, the influence of a single gene (di) for vasopressin deficiency on ethanol intake in rats was demonstrated. We studied preference for concentrations of ethanol between 2.2 and 10 percent versus tap water in Brattleboro rats homozygous for diabetes insipidus (di/di), heterozygous (di/+) or normal (+/+). The di/di rats, totally lacking in vasopressin, had greatly reduced preference scores for all concentrations of ethanol. Their intake of ethanol (g/day) was higher than heterozygotes or normals, but only when 2.2 percent ethanol was offered as a choice. Treatment with vasopressin or related peptides restored ethanol drinking to normal but also corrected water balance. In the experiments reported here, Roman High Avoidance (RHA) rats of three genotypes (+/+, di/+, and di/di) were also tested for ethanol intake and preference with similar but not identical results. Thus, the effects of the di gene are independent of the genetic background on which it is placed to at least some extent. Chlorothiazide, a drug unrelated to vasopressin, also normalized ethanol drinking and corrected water balance in di/di rats. In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus mice, there was a strong negative correlation between severity of polydipsia and preference for ethanol. Thus, no paradigm tested was effective in dissociating polydipsia from reduced ethanol preference and increased ethanol intake. While these results cannot exclude a possible regulatory role for endogenous vasopressin in ethanol preference drinking, they more strongly suggest that reduced preference for ethanol and increased ethanol intake are epiphenomena secondary to a polydipsic state.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of diabetes insipidus complicated by diabetes mellitus with chlorpropamide and clofibrate.

A patient with severe idiopathic diabetes insipidus, complicated by diabetes mellitus, was first treated with a combination o clofibrate and chlorpropamide. Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day (CH2O = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day (CH2O = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with chlorpropamide alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum (CH2O = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for arginine vasopressin before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance (CH2O) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease chlorpropamide acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like clofibrate and chlorpropamide should be taken into consideration in some cases of diabetes insipidus as is demonstrated by this case report.

Adult↗