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Results for “Deltoid Muscle”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Hyperperfusion syndrome of the deltoid muscle after subclavian artery angioplasty and stenting.

PURPOSE: To report a case of hyperperfusion syndrome of the deltoid muscle after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of a symptomatic high-grade subclavian artery stenosis. CASE REPORT: Immediately after balloon dilation of a left-sided subclavian artery stenosis, a 53-year-old man developed severe ipsilateral shoulder pain and swelling. Computed tomographic angiography revealed no extravasation or hematoma. Sonography showed massive edema and increased anteroposterior diameter of the left deltoid muscle (3.5 cm compared to 2.0 cm on the right). Hyperperfusion syndrome was suspected, and decompression by anterolateral fasciotomy was performed. Subsequently, both pain and swelling decreased. At day 3, the skin incision, which was temporarily covered with a synthetic skin substitute, was sutured; the wound healed uneventfully. Two weeks after surgery, both muscle strength and shoulder movements showed no restrictions. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperperfusion syndrome after endovascular treatment of subclavian artery stenosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical muscle pain in the upper extremity. It may present as a compartment syndrome requiring surgical decompression.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographical study of the pectoralis major (sternocostal part) and deltoid muscles (middle fibers) in volleyball sequential actions.

UNLABELLED: The Pectoralis Major muscles (Sternocostal part) and Deltoid (middle fibers) had been studied using electromyography in 8 male individuals, who practice volleyball, youth category, (age between 15 and 17 average +/- 16,25 years old), right-handed, those involved in volleyball for about one year. The objective was to analyze the potential of action of these muscles engaged in the volleyball movements: service, spike, pass, set and blocking with and without ball. The work was developed in the Electromyography and Biomechanics of Posture Laboratory(Physical Education Faculty--State University of Campinas--UNICAMP). To caption the muscle action potential, surface electrodes were set with conductive gel and fixed on the skin, in the center of the muscles. It was used an electromyography Lynx with 6 channels. The apparatus calibration was 2.500 microV, 1199.760 Hz. The low and high pass filter was set at 600-10 Hz. The sequential experiments without ball were performed for 10 seconds, and the sequential experiments with ball in 12 seconds. RESULTS: The Pectoralis Major muscle (Sternocostal part) revealed active during the basic movements of volleyball, (service and spike) in all movements of the extension of the arm, as well as the arm abduction during the pass movement. The Deltoid muscle (middle fibers), in spite of being primary in the abduction, showed the potential of action in all movements practiced in volleyball, however, they were more intense, in the spike and block actions. It is interesting to observe, that the general average and the standard deviation of the Deltoid muscle (middle fibers), were higher in the sequential movements executed without ball.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1999

Dependence of deltoid muscle activity upon initial angles of shoulder abduction prior to flexion.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis that the direction and selectivity of an appropriately modified version of shoulder flexion is dependent upon initial angles of shoulder abduction. Analysis indicated that initial small angles of shoulder abduction were associated with longer electromyographic (EMG) durations of the agonist (anterior deltoid) muscle. Moreover, as initial angles became smaller, EMG onsets of the antagonist (posterior deltoid muscle) occurred nearer to those of the agonist. Modulations of duration of the agonist EMG activity can be explained by changes in amplitude of movement. Two possible interpretations of the changes of EMG onset of the antagonist in accordance with different initial angles of shoulder abduction are considered. One concerns the effect of the change on the load of the upper limb, dependent on different angles of shoulder abduction. The second concerns the changing role of the antagonist to a synergist, dependent upon decreased initial angles of shoulder abduction prior to the shoulder flexion. Based on the present findings, it is suggested that angles of shoulder abduction are an important determinant of agonist-antagonist muscle activity of the deltoid during flexion of the shoulder.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Metabolic characteristics of the deltoid muscle in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The purpose of this study was to analyse key enzyme activities of the deltoid muscle (DM) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The activities of one oxidative enzyme (citrate synthase (CS)), two glycolytic enzymes (lacatate dehydrogenase (LD); and phosphofructokinase (PFK)) and one enzyme related to the use of energy stores (creatine kinase (CK)) were determined in the DM of 10 patients with COPD and nine controls. Exercise capacity (cycloergometry) and the handgrip strength were also evaluated. Although exercise capacity was markedly reduced in COPD (57 +/- 20% predicted), their handgrip strength was relatively preserved (77 +/- 19% pred). The activity of LD was higher in the COPD patients (263.9 +/- 68.2 versus 184.4 +/- 46.5 mmol x min(-1) x g(-1), p<0.01), with a similar trend for CS (67.3 +/- 33.3 versus 46.0 +/- 17.4 mmol x min(-1) x g(-1), p = 0.07). Interestingly, the activity of the latter enzyme was significantly higher than controls if only severe COPD patients were considered (81.8 +/- 31.2 mmol x min(-1) x g(-1), p < 0.01). PFK and CK activities were similar for controls and COPD. Chronic obstructive patients show a preserved or even increased (severe disease) oxidative capacity in their deltoid muscle. This coexists with a greater capacity in the anaerobic part of the glycolysis. These findings are different to those previously observed in muscles of the lower limbs.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The anterolateral deltoid muscle flap-plasty: the procedure of choice in large rotator cuff defects].

We analysed the results of shoulder reconstruction using an anterolateral deltoid muscle flap plasty in 101 patients with large rotator cuff lesions. This method was first described in Apoil and Augereau in 1985. We modified and extended their technique. Regular follow-up examinations were possible in 100 patients (27 females, 73 males, age 61.3 +/- 8.7 years). One patient died of sepsis of unknown aetiology during the hospital stay. All patients suffered from severe pain and sleepless nights prior to the operation. They also had long histories of unsuccessful and frustrating treatment. The rotator cuff lesions found intraoperatively were at least 5 x 5 cm in size. We used an anterolateral deltoid muscle flap to reconstruct these large defects. Physical therapy was started on the 1 postoperative day and was continued for about 6 months (6.8 +/- 2.6 months). The average hospital stay was 10.9 +/- 5.3 days. After the treatment 90% of all patients were subjectively satisfied or very satisfied with the result, while 12% had moderate and 5% unsatisfactory results. No pain was felt at all by 75% of the patients, and 21% showed decidedly less pain. Severe pain attacks were found in only 4% of the patients, but their pain was less intense than preoperatively. The shoulder function improved significantly, and 72% recovered their strength completely. Most of the patients were able to work after 6 months. The overall result was good to very good in 83%. This high percentage of good shoulder function and patient satisfaction makes this the operation technique of choice for large rotator cuff lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

The deltoid muscle: an anatomic description of the deltoid insertion to the proximal humerus.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to describe the anatomic insertion point of the deltoid to the proximal humerus. DESIGN: Gross anatomic study. SETTING: Level one academic trauma center. PATIENTS: Cadaveric study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Bilateral humeri were stripped of soft tissue except the deltoid insertion point. The length of the humeri was recorded. The distance from the greater tuberosity to the proximal most aspect of the tendinous insertion point and the distal most tendinous attachment was measured. The humeri were cross-sectioned 5-mm distal to the proximal insertion point, 5-mm proximal to the distal insertion point, and midway between these 2 points. The circumferential proportion of humerus into which the tendon inserted at each point was recorded. RESULTS: The mean length of the deltoid insertion was 97 (range, 83-111) mm. The mean distance from the greater tuberosity to the proximal insertion point was 61 (range, 55-75) mm and to the distal insertion was 158 (range, 142-172) mm. The deltoid occupied on average: 8% of the humeral circumference 5 mm from the proximal insertion point, 39% at the mid point of the insertion, and 31% of the humeral circumference 5 mm from the distal insertion point. CONCLUSIONS: The deltoid insertion is long and broad. A 4.5-mm plate would result in detaching 13.5 mm of the insertion, leaving at least half of the original insertion attached to the humerus.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed2004

Tender or not tender: test-retest repeatability of pressure pain thresholds in the trapezius and deltoid muscles of healthy women.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the test-retest repeatability of pressure pain thresholds in the shoulder muscles of healthy women. DESIGN: Four experimental sessions (days 1, 3, 28, 30), each including 4 consecutive pressure pain threshold measurements at 10-minute intervals. SUBJECTS: Twenty-four healthy female volunteers, mean age 42 years. METHODS: Two examiners measured pressure pain thresholds bilaterally over the trapezius and deltoid muscles with an electronic algometer. Student's paired t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient, ANOVA repeated measures, 95% confidence interval and mean maximal absolute measurement error, were used for statistics. RESULTS: Reliability for each point in all sessions was high; ICC range 0.70-0.94, mean maximal differences; 53-102 kPa (all 4 muscles), and between points in each muscle: ICC right trapezius 0.59-0.77, left 0.67-0.84, right deltoid 0.66-0.83, left 0.70-0.90. Mean maximal differences were 69-101 kPa and 65-111 kPa for the trapezius and deltoid muscles, respectively. The inter-individual variation was 5-fold (trapezius 88-574 kPa; deltoid 91-529 kPa). At the group level, the variation was limited when the first measurement was excluded. Inter-rater and intra-rater repeatability was high without significant differences. Only small side-to-side differences were seen. CONCLUSION: Repeated measurements show stable intra-individual values. The method can be recommended when used by trained and experienced examiners.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The effect of arm position on stretching of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and posterior portion of deltoid muscles: a cadaveric study.

BACKGROUND: The stretching of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles is important to prevent shoulder injuries. Although several authors have advocated various stretching techniques, a general opinion has not been reached owing to the lack of quantitative analysis. METHODS: Nine fresh cadaveric shoulders were used to measure the strain on the supraspinatus, the middle and inferior portions of the infraspinatus, and the posterior portion of the deltoid muscles during eleven arm positions. The strain on the muscles was measured by precise displacement sensors attached to the center of each muscle belly. FINDINGS: In case of the supraspinatus muscle, abduction at extension showed significantly larger strain than that in the neutral position (P < 0.05). Internal rotation at extension showed significantly larger strain in the middle portions of the infraspinatus (P < 0.05). Internal rotation at 30 degrees and 60 degrees elevation as well as extension showed significantly larger strain in the inferior portion of the infraspinatus (P<0.05). Adduction at 60 degrees elevation did not show large strain in the infraspinatus muscle; however, significantly larger strain was observed in the posterior portion of the deltoid muscle. INTERPRETATION: Shoulder stretching techniques that are based on these experimental data can enhance the selective stretching of the corresponding muscles. Application of these techniques is considered to be useful for the prevention and treatment of shoulder injuries.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Coverage of a shoulder wound with a deltoid muscle flap.

An unusual and severe injury to the soft tissues of the shoulder with exposure of the humeral head and glenohumeral joint is presented. The principles of muscle transposition were applied to rotation of the deltoid muscle in achievement of wound closure. Healing was rapid and satisfactory, and a useful upper extremity was salvaged.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Morphology of C5 ventral nerve rootlets as part of dissociated motor loss of deltoid muscle.

STUDY DESIGN: This study analyzed anatomic characteristics of cervical ventral rootlets. After total vertebrectomy, detailed morphology of the ventral rootlets was studied from the anterior. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The clinical study showed the predominance of ventral root lesion. There are few studies concerning the morphologic pathogenesis of cervical amyotrophy and detailed cervical ventral rootlet anatomy. METHODS: Thirty-six embalmed adult human cadavers were studied. The measurements for the ventral rootlets of C5 to C8 were made as follows: 1) angle between the rootlet and spinal cord, 2) longitudinal width of the ventral rootlet origin, and 3) length of the ventral rootlets. RESULTS: The C5 ventral rootlets were shorter and issued more obtusely from the cervical spinal cord than lower rootlets. The spinal cord segment of the deltoid muscle, indicated by the longitudinal widths of the C5 and C6 ventral rootlet exits from the spinal cord, were wider than the C7 and C8 segments. Preforaminal anterior compression at the C4-C5 disc level might affect the lower part of the C5 ventral rootlets and upper part of the C6 ventral rootlets. CONCLUSION: Short C5 ventral rootlets appeared to become taut and easily injured by hemilateral anterior compression. Spinal cord lesion resulting from localized anterior compression at the single disc level might not play as important a role in the pathogenesis of dissociated motor loss of the deltoid muscle because of the wider spinal segments of C5 and C6.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Reconstruction of massive rotator cuff rupture using a deltoid muscle flap].

In extensive rotator cuff tears with rupture of the supra- and infraspinatus muscles, we have obtained good and very good results persisting for 3 years or longer only in 40% of cases treated by resection and debridement, and in 25% of our cases the head of the humerus was found to be no longer centrally located in the joint socket on X-ray examination 10 years after treatment. It was therefore proposed that an active muscle flap taken from the anterior part of the deltoid muscle (part III according to Fick) should be used to span the trophic defect in the rotator cuff, being sutured into healthy tissue following freshening up. This seems logical, since the transferred muscle flap remains innervated and vascularized and also works synergistically with the rest of the rotator cuff. The flap interposed in this way between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the acromion functions in the same way as a double-bellied muscle and prevents displacement of the head of the humerus. In this way an active rotator cuff is produced, which also takes over the function of stabilizing the humeral head. After follow-up of at least 1 year (average 19 months), the result is aesthetically satisfactory in all 50 shoulders treated in this way; 47 are free of pain or painful only some of the time; in 32 active elevation of over 120 degrees is possible; 21 have symmetrical force ratios in elevation and 15 for outward rotation in 90 degrees abduction. All reconstructed shoulders were characterized by fatigability in elevation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Idiopathic chronic retraction of the deltoid muscle. Apropos of 3 cases].

Three cases of a previously undescribed condition of idiopathic, non-progressive deltoid muscle contracture are reported. The clinical features are presented as also the management of the cases. Intra-operative appearance of the fibrotic band responsible for the pathology is described. The relevant literature is reviewed. Though such cases are rare, they show striking features which enable them to be distinguished from other causes of scapular winging. Surgical excision of the band confers lasting correction of the deformity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Is there a safe area for the axillary nerve in the deltoid muscle? A cadaveric study.

BACKGROUND: Several authors have defined a variety of so-called safe zones for deltoid-splitting incisions. The first aim of the present study was to investigate the distance of the axillary nerve from the acromion and its relation to arm length. The second aim was to identify a safe area for the axillary nerve during surgical dissection of the deltoid muscle. METHODS: Twenty-four shoulders of embalmed adult cadavers were included in the study. The distance from the anterior edge of the acromion to the course of the axillary nerve was measured and was recorded as the anterior distance. The same measurement from the posterior edge of the acromion to the course of the axillary nerve was made and was recorded as the posterior distance for each limb. Correlation analysis was performed between the arm length and the anterior distance and the posterior distance for each limb. The ratios between arm length and the anterior and posterior distances were calculated for each case and were recorded as an anterior index and a posterior index. RESULTS: The average arm length was 30.40 cm. The average anterior distance was 6.08 cm, and the average posterior distance was 4.87 cm. There was a significant correlation between arm length and both anterior distance (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) and posterior distance (r = 0.61, p = 0.001). The axillary nerve was not found to lie at a constant distance from the acromion at every point along its course. The average anterior index was 0.20, and the average posterior index was 0.16. CONCLUSIONS: The present study describes a safe area above the axillary nerve that is quadrangular in shape, with the length of the lateral edges being dependent on the individual's arm length. Using this safe area should provide a safe exposure for the axillary nerve during shoulder operations.

Acromion↗
PubMed1985

Shoulder function after deltoid muscle removal.

Postoperative function and muscular strength of the shoulder joint were studied in five patients who had undergone extirpation of the deltoid muscle because of a soft tissue tumor. No patient had significant functional impairment but all had a slightly limited range of active abduction and flexion. The strength reduction did not exceed 40 per cent in any position.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The deltoid muscle: an electromyographical analysis of its activity in arm abduction in various body postures.

We have carried out an electromyographical examination of the activity of five different regions of the deltoid muscle during abduction/adduction in various body postures with different biomechanical actions of arm gravity. The results show that the deltoid action is highly differentiated in its different regions and is not restricted only to the generation of an abducting moment in the shoulder joint. There is obviously a biomechanical contribution, mainly by its spinal and clavicular regions, to the stabilization of the glenohumeral joint and to the control of the selected plane of abduction.

Arm↗